ENA5 / 5. periodi / Haaksluoto
Teksti
Koealue:
- Glossary: Traffic p. 24 – 25
- Glossary: Psychology p. 36 – 37
- Glossary: Science and technology p. 64 – 65
- Texts: a) Text 3 Why w edo what w edo p. 28 – 35
- b) Text 5: The ubiquitous woman p. 43 – 53
- c) Text 6: Don’t bet on it p. 55 – 63
5) Grammar: a) Infinitiivit & -ing-muodot p. 152 – 171
- b) Paljoussanat p. 172 – 181
- c) Numerot & numeraalit p. 182 – 200
Kokeeseen tulee myös:
- kuunteluja & ehkä videoita
- luetunymmärtämisiä
- kirjoitelma (700 – 1300 merkkiä)
course outline / kurssiohjelma
KOE on perjantaina 4.4.2025 klo 17.00 - 21.00 luokassa 31. Ota OMA KANNETTAVA TÄYTEENLADATTUNA mukaasi sekä tarvittavat virtajohdot että MYÖS LANGALLISET KUULOKKEET.
ENA5 / ENGLISH / ADVANCED / NEW INSIGHTS MODULE 5 / SCHOOL YEAR 2024 – 2025 / PERIOD V
Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukio, Urheilukatu 10 - 12, 00250 Helsinki
Teacher: Erja H. Haaksluoto; e-mail: erja.haaksluoto@tyk.fi
Available for consultation: 1) before and after the lessons and 2) on Mondays at 20.05 - 20.45 hours (except NOT during the exam weeks) (= so-called KIELIKLINIKKA)
Book: Elina Karapalo – Paula Keltto – Mark Kilmer – Päivi Kuusivaara - Teijo Päkkilä – Annukka Suonio: New Insights Module 5 (Otava)
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE COURSE:
The theme of the course is TECHNOLOGY and SCIENCE. In grammar and structures we shall deal with important structures such as infinitives, ING-forms and THAT-clauses. We shall also take a close look at words of quantity, NUMBERS / NUMERALS and expressions of time.
We shall meet 11 (eleven) times on Mondays and Wednesdays at 17.00 - 18.20 in classroom 31 or online on Google Meet (The link is ALWAYS the same: meet.google.com/her-rxva-umj) as follows:
- February 26, 2025: Introduction to the course; home assignment p. 145 - 147 // Text 3 Why we do what we do p. 28 / ex. 3a p. 30 // GRAMMAR: The infinitive p. 152 - 156 / ENGAGE p. 153 // Glossary: Traffic p. 24
- March 3, 2025: Translation B p. 25 // ex. 3b p. 30 & 3d p. 31 & 3e p. 32 & 3j p. 35 // Glossary: Psychology p. 36 - 37 // GRAMMAR: The infinitive p. 152 - 156
- March 5, 2025: GRAMMAR: The infinitive p. 152 - 156 // ex. 1 p. 157, ex. 2 p. 158, ex. 4 p. 159 & ex. 5 p. 160
- March 10, 2025: GRAMMAR: The infinitive or THAT-clause? p. 157 // ex. 6 p. 160 // Text 5 The ubiquitous woman p. 43 – 45
- March 12, 2025: Text 3 The ubiquitous woman p. 43 - 45 // GRAMMAR: The - ING form p. 163 – 165 // ex. 10 p. 167
- March 17, 2025: GRAMMAR: ex. 5a & ex. 5b p. 48 / ex. 5d p. 49 & ex. 5e p. 50 // GRAMMAR: The infinitive or ING-form p. 166 // ex. 12 p. 167 & ex. 14 p. 168
- March 19, 2025: ex. 16 p. 169 & ex. 17 p. 170 // GRAMMAR: Words of quantity p. 173 - 174 // ex. 18 & ex. 19 & ex. 20 p. 177
- March 24, 2025: ex. 21 & ex. 22 p. 178 & ex. 24 p. 179 // Text 6 Don’t bet on it p. 55 - 57 // ex. 23 ex. 24 p. 152 – 153 // Glossary: Science and technology p. 64 - 65
- March 26, 2025: ex. 24 p. 179 & ex. 25 & ex. 26 p. 180 // Text 6 Don’t bet on it p. 55 - 57 // GRAMMAR: Numbers and expressions of time p. 182 – 183 // GRAMMAR: Cardinal numbers p. 184 - 187
- March 31, 2025: GRAMMAR: Ordinal numbers p. 188 - 190 // GRAMMAR: Numbers in expressions of time p. 194 – 197
- April 2, 2025: ex. 30 p. 193 // ex. 33 p. 198 - 199 & ex. 34 p. 200
HOME ASSIGNMENT: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT (700 - 1,300 characters): Write a composition of 700 - 1,300 characters on ONE of the topics on pages 145 -147. DEADLINE: on March 26th , 2025
DIGITAL EXAM online at 17.00 – 21.00 hours on Friday, April 4th, 2025:
The exam consists of the following parts:
1) listening comprehension test
2) written part: a) RC / reading comprehension b) MC / multiple choice c) Grammar: 1) infinitives, ING-forms and THAT-clauses, 2) words of quantity, 3) numbers / numerals 4) expressions of time
- d) Translations and vocabulary on the texts that we have dealt with during the course
- e) Composition of 700 – 1,300 characters
THE GRADE ON COURSE 5 CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING:
1) LC exam & written exam at 17.00 – 21.00 hours on April 4th , 2025
2) Home Assignment (+)
3) Activity during the lessons (+)
You will have your exams back on your e-mail.
RETAKE EXAM: at 17.00 – 20.05 hours on Friday, May 9th , 2025 = UUSINTAKOE, johon on ehdottomasti ilmoittauduttava etukäteen täyttämällä vaaleansininen lomake, jonka saa kansliasta, 2. krs. Lomake palautetaan kansliaan VIIMEISTÄÄN VIIKKOA ENNEN UUSINTAKOETTA eli viimeistään perjantaina 29.4.2025. Uusintakoelomakkeesta on nyt myös olemassa sähköinen lomake. Nettisivuilla on pdf, jonka voi suoraan täyttää ja lähettää liitetiedostona kansliaan. Lomake löytyy täältä: https://www.tyk.fi/aikuislukio/tietoa/lomakkeet/
February 26th, 2025
HW ex. 3a & 3b p. 30, ex. 3d p. 31, ex. 3e p.32
1. aktiivi to love = rakastaa
She wants to love everybody.
He claimed to love his family.
2. He may love / must love / will love her.
apuverbit
will / would
shall / should
may / might
must
can / could
(dare)
(need)
NB! poikkeus: ought to: we ought to help the poor and the less fortunate.
sanonta: had better
She had better love her husband.
3. to have loved = olla rakastanut
He claimed to have loved his family. (= Hän väitti rakastaneensa perhettään.)
4. have loved
He would have loved his wife if she hadn't nagged at him.
(apuverbien kanssa ei tule to-partikkelia)
5. PASSIIVI to be loved
"I want to be loved by you, nobody else but you..." (Marilyn Monroe)
lenient (adj.) = merciful
leniency (n.) = mercy
commit a crime
an adolescent (n.) = nuorukainen
adolescence (n.) = nuoruus
a juvenile delinquent (n.) = nuorisorikollinen
juvenile delinquence (n.) = nuorisorikollisuus
a deficit = virhe, puute
a dysfunctional family = perhe, joka ei toimi
conquer (v.) = valloittaa
William the Conqueror in 1066
1. aktiivi to love = rakastaa
She wants to love everybody.
He claimed to love his family.
2. He may love / must love / will love her.
apuverbit
will / would
shall / should
may / might
must
can / could
(dare)
(need)
NB! poikkeus: ought to: we ought to help the poor and the less fortunate.
sanonta: had better
She had better love her husband.
3. to have loved = olla rakastanut
He claimed to have loved his family. (= Hän väitti rakastaneensa perhettään.)
4. have loved
He would have loved his wife if she hadn't nagged at him.
(apuverbien kanssa ei tule to-partikkelia)
5. PASSIIVI to be loved
"I want to be loved by you, nobody else but you..." (Marilyn Monroe)
lenient (adj.) = merciful
leniency (n.) = mercy
commit a crime
an adolescent (n.) = nuorukainen
adolescence (n.) = nuoruus
a juvenile delinquent (n.) = nuorisorikollinen
juvenile delinquence (n.) = nuorisorikollisuus
a deficit = virhe, puute
a dysfunctional family = perhe, joka ei toimi
conquer (v.) = valloittaa
William the Conqueror in 1066
March 3rd, 2025
3a Fill in this chart.
life-course-persistent offender adolescence-limited offender
When do they commit crime? Starting when young, throughout life
Only in teenage years
Why do they commit crime? Mental issues, tough childhood To make up for the maturity gap
3b Mark the following statements true or false. Then correct the false statements to make them true.
1 False
2 False
3 True
4 True
5False
6 True
Most people commit crimes when they are adolescents or young adults.
The life-course-persistent offenders start to show problem behavior early on.
The maturity gap is when young people are biologically mature, but they are not allowed to do what adults do.
Match each word with its opposite from the wordlist. 1F, 2J, 3D, 4A, 5B, 6K, 7I, 8C, 9G, 10H, 11E
3e Spot the phrase. Put these phrases from the text into the sentence where they make the most sense. 1C, 2B, 3J, 4G, 5A, 6E, 7H, 8F, 9D, 10I
life-course-persistent offender adolescence-limited offender
When do they commit crime? Starting when young, throughout life
Only in teenage years
Why do they commit crime? Mental issues, tough childhood To make up for the maturity gap
3b Mark the following statements true or false. Then correct the false statements to make them true.
1 False
2 False
3 True
4 True
5False
6 True
Most people commit crimes when they are adolescents or young adults.
The life-course-persistent offenders start to show problem behavior early on.
The maturity gap is when young people are biologically mature, but they are not allowed to do what adults do.
Match each word with its opposite from the wordlist. 1F, 2J, 3D, 4A, 5B, 6K, 7I, 8C, 9G, 10H, 11E
3e Spot the phrase. Put these phrases from the text into the sentence where they make the most sense. 1C, 2B, 3J, 4G, 5A, 6E, 7H, 8F, 9D, 10I
Teksti
HW ex. A p. 25, ex. 1 p. 157, ex. 4 p. 159
1. aktiivi to love = rakastaa
She wants to love everybody.
He claimed to love his family.
2. He may love / must love / will love
apuverbit
will / would
shall / should
may / might
must
can / could
dare
need
NB! ought to
sanonta: had better
She had better love her husband.
3. to have loved = olla rakastanut
He claimed to have loved his family.
4. have loved
He would have loved his wife if she hadn't nagged at him.
5. PASSIIVI to be loved
"I want to be loved by you, nobody else but you..."
6. be loved
He must be loved by everyone.
7. to have been loved
He claimed to have been loved by everyone at work.
8. have been loved
He should have been loved.
lenient (adj.) = merciful
leniency (n.) = mercy
TO-INFINITIVE:
1. adjektiivi
I was pleased to meet you.
It is important to study.
2. substantiivi
I have an appointment to meet the doctor.
Everyone has a story to tell.
3. verbi
I want to go home.
He managed to pass the the test.
4. pronomini
We had nothing to eat.
Everybody needs somebody to trust.
There is nothing to do.
There is nothing to be done.
5. kysymyssana
I didn't know what to say.
Do you know how to boil an egg?
NB!
Why bother?
Why not toss the coin, Mr Corleone?
6. finaalinen rakenne eli tarkoitusta ilmaiseva
Many people moved to Australia (in order) to have a better life.
KIELTO:
I didn't say anything so as not to hurt your feelings.
7. passiivi
Donald J. Trump is said to have lied 22 000 times.
1. aktiivi to love = rakastaa
She wants to love everybody.
He claimed to love his family.
2. He may love / must love / will love
apuverbit
will / would
shall / should
may / might
must
can / could
dare
need
NB! ought to
sanonta: had better
She had better love her husband.
3. to have loved = olla rakastanut
He claimed to have loved his family.
4. have loved
He would have loved his wife if she hadn't nagged at him.
5. PASSIIVI to be loved
"I want to be loved by you, nobody else but you..."
6. be loved
He must be loved by everyone.
7. to have been loved
He claimed to have been loved by everyone at work.
8. have been loved
He should have been loved.
lenient (adj.) = merciful
leniency (n.) = mercy
TO-INFINITIVE:
1. adjektiivi
I was pleased to meet you.
It is important to study.
2. substantiivi
I have an appointment to meet the doctor.
Everyone has a story to tell.
3. verbi
I want to go home.
He managed to pass the the test.
4. pronomini
We had nothing to eat.
Everybody needs somebody to trust.
There is nothing to do.
There is nothing to be done.
5. kysymyssana
I didn't know what to say.
Do you know how to boil an egg?
NB!
Why bother?
Why not toss the coin, Mr Corleone?
6. finaalinen rakenne eli tarkoitusta ilmaiseva
Many people moved to Australia (in order) to have a better life.
KIELTO:
I didn't say anything so as not to hurt your feelings.
7. passiivi
Donald J. Trump is said to have lied 22 000 times.
March 5th, 2025
HW ex. 2 p. 158, ex. 5 p. 160, ex. 6 p. 160, ex. 7 p. 161, (ex. 8 p. 162)
10. He doesn't have anybody to blame but himself. (vain yksi kieltosana lauseeseen / ajatukseen)
He cannot blame anybody but himself.
can't
make an effort = yrittää; nähdä vaivaa
bother
Hamlet: "To be or not to be..."
1. a pedestrian
2. a crossroads
3. the hard shoulder
4. accelerated
acceleration = a F = ma d = density
5. had overtaken
6. gridlocks / congestion
7. a multiple collision
8. a yield sign
9. (a) road rage
10. (a) pothole
11. exhaust fumes
12. to be a back seat driver
likely = adj. = todennäköinen
He is likely to die soon. = He will probably die soon. = Hän todennäköisesti kuolee pian.
10. He doesn't have anybody to blame but himself. (vain yksi kieltosana lauseeseen / ajatukseen)
He cannot blame anybody but himself.
can't
make an effort = yrittää; nähdä vaivaa
bother
Hamlet: "To be or not to be..."
1. a pedestrian
2. a crossroads
3. the hard shoulder
4. accelerated
acceleration = a F = ma d = density
5. had overtaken
6. gridlocks / congestion
7. a multiple collision
8. a yield sign
9. (a) road rage
10. (a) pothole
11. exhaust fumes
12. to be a back seat driver
likely = adj. = todennäköinen
He is likely to die soon. = He will probably die soon. = Hän todennäköisesti kuolee pian.
March 5th, 2025
Grammar
exercise 1
Say the following sentences in English. Work together with a partner.
1. I would like to meet famous inventors.
2. I want to understand how their minds work.
3. It must be interesting to study new things.
4. I wouldn’t know where to start.
5. I would give anything to be that smart.
6. Some people read books (in order) to become smarter.
7. Others need practice (in order) to learn.
8. My brother thinks physics is too difficult to understand.
9. I don’t know what to say to / tell him.
10. He has nobody to blame but himself.
11. He has never made any effort to study it.
12. He always says (that) he has other things to think about.
13. Somehow he has still managed to pass all his physics exams.
14. I have always done my best (in order) to succeed.
exercise 1
Say the following sentences in English. Work together with a partner.
1. I would like to meet famous inventors.
2. I want to understand how their minds work.
3. It must be interesting to study new things.
4. I wouldn’t know where to start.
5. I would give anything to be that smart.
6. Some people read books (in order) to become smarter.
7. Others need practice (in order) to learn.
8. My brother thinks physics is too difficult to understand.
9. I don’t know what to say to / tell him.
10. He has nobody to blame but himself.
11. He has never made any effort to study it.
12. He always says (that) he has other things to think about.
13. Somehow he has still managed to pass all his physics exams.
14. I have always done my best (in order) to succeed.
Teksti
4
Fill in with to or –.
Here are a few facts you have always wanted to know about cars.
1. In Churchill, Canada, people leave their cars unlocked to offer an escape for pedestrians who
might – see polar bears on the street.
2. In 2004, Oprah gave her audience free cars. In reality, the people had to pay 6000 dollars in
taxes and many were made to take loans or sell the car to pay the taxes.
3. Norway doesn’t let advertisers – claim that a car is ‘green’. They may – say it is less harmful to
drive a certain car than another.
4. Honda Prelude was the first mass produced car to feature a 4-wheel steering system. It was said
to beat even Porsche and Ferrari in the slalom test.
5. In some countries it is illegal to ride a motorcycle between two parallel cars.
6. The first car to use a rear-view mirror was driven by Indy 500 winner Ray Harroun in 1911 to see
the cars catching up behind him.
7. South African residents are allowed to attach small flamethrowers to their cars to provide
defence against carjackers.
8. In 1896, Bridget Driscoll was the first pedestrian to be killed by a car in the UK. The car was said
to have travelled at 4 mph.
9. For a car to have been the best selling car in the 90s it would have had to beat the sales figures
of a particular toy car.
10. Your car remote can – become useless if you try to use it more than 256 times when the
remote is out of range. I advise you – never to try this at home.
Fill in with to or –.
Here are a few facts you have always wanted to know about cars.
1. In Churchill, Canada, people leave their cars unlocked to offer an escape for pedestrians who
might – see polar bears on the street.
2. In 2004, Oprah gave her audience free cars. In reality, the people had to pay 6000 dollars in
taxes and many were made to take loans or sell the car to pay the taxes.
3. Norway doesn’t let advertisers – claim that a car is ‘green’. They may – say it is less harmful to
drive a certain car than another.
4. Honda Prelude was the first mass produced car to feature a 4-wheel steering system. It was said
to beat even Porsche and Ferrari in the slalom test.
5. In some countries it is illegal to ride a motorcycle between two parallel cars.
6. The first car to use a rear-view mirror was driven by Indy 500 winner Ray Harroun in 1911 to see
the cars catching up behind him.
7. South African residents are allowed to attach small flamethrowers to their cars to provide
defence against carjackers.
8. In 1896, Bridget Driscoll was the first pedestrian to be killed by a car in the UK. The car was said
to have travelled at 4 mph.
9. For a car to have been the best selling car in the 90s it would have had to beat the sales figures
of a particular toy car.
10. Your car remote can – become useless if you try to use it more than 256 times when the
remote is out of range. I advise you – never to try this at home.
Teksti
Glossary: Traffic
A.
Replace the underlined words and phrases with near synonyms with the help of the glossary.
I'm giving up driving for good. From now on, I'm going to be 1. a pedestrian rather than a motorist.
You see, I was approaching 2. a crossroads when I saw a deer standing quite near 3. the hard
shoulder. I had just 4. accelerated to get across before the oncoming traffic. Imagine the shock I
got! A few minutes earlier a huge lorry 5. had overtaken me too close and left me shaking in my
boots. In the morning, I had suffered precious minutes in 6. congestion, seen 7. a multiple collision
and witnessed how a guy in a huge car ignored 8. a yield sign only to cause 9. road rage in those
who had been patiently waiting their turn. On top of it all, I was so exhausted by the end of the
day that I failed to notice the gaping 10. pothole and bumped right into it hitting my head in the
process. So, no more 11. exhaust fumes caused by me. I'm going to 12. be a back seat driver from
now on, not go behind the wheel myself!
A.
Replace the underlined words and phrases with near synonyms with the help of the glossary.
I'm giving up driving for good. From now on, I'm going to be 1. a pedestrian rather than a motorist.
You see, I was approaching 2. a crossroads when I saw a deer standing quite near 3. the hard
shoulder. I had just 4. accelerated to get across before the oncoming traffic. Imagine the shock I
got! A few minutes earlier a huge lorry 5. had overtaken me too close and left me shaking in my
boots. In the morning, I had suffered precious minutes in 6. congestion, seen 7. a multiple collision
and witnessed how a guy in a huge car ignored 8. a yield sign only to cause 9. road rage in those
who had been patiently waiting their turn. On top of it all, I was so exhausted by the end of the
day that I failed to notice the gaping 10. pothole and bumped right into it hitting my head in the
process. So, no more 11. exhaust fumes caused by me. I'm going to 12. be a back seat driver from
now on, not go behind the wheel myself!
March 10th, 2025
HW ex. 8 p. 162, ex. 12 p. 167
remember, regret, try
We regret to inform you that your son sergeant Smith has died in combat.
I regret hurting your feelings.
Remember to buy milk. =Muista ostaa maitoa. (viittaa tulevaan)
I remember buying milk. = Muistan ostaneeni maitoa. (viittaa menneisyyteen)
Why don' t you try parachuting? = Miksipä et kokeilisi laskuvarjohyppäämistä?
He has tried to
parachute. = Hän on yrittänyt hypätä laskuvarjolla.
TULEE että-lause, kun edellä tietämistä tai uskomista ilmaiseva verbi:
I know (that) you will manage.
I believe (that) you will succeed.
I think (that) it is awful when some people draw big pictures on the walls.
Our neighbour's house needs painting.
Our neighbour's house to be painted.
ex. 7
Demi Moore did everything to look stunning, only to lose the Oscar to the lady in the main role in Anora.
(which / that have been) made to entertain
to entertain
to have entertained
to be entertained
to have been entertained
He doesn't know how to entertain other people.
He is said to have entertained millions of people.
I want to be entertained.
King Henry VIII was said to have been entertained dozens of times when he was sick.
to take
to have taken
to be taken
to have been taken
adjektiivi + TO-infinitiivi
It is difficult to play the violin.
It is difficult for her to learn to play the violin.
It was easy for us to understand.
NB!
busy + -ING-muoto
What are you busy doing?
I am busy studying.
I am busy learning math.
parachuting
skydiving
Matti is known to be very athletic. = Matin tiedetään OLEVAN hyvin urheilullinen.
Matti is known to have been very athletic. = Matin tiedetään olleen hyvin urheilullinen.
The house had been said to have been built in the 15th century.
AISTIHAVAINTOVERBIT:
see, watch, observe, hear, (listen to), feel, smell
kun ovat aktiivissa, tulee PALJAS INFINTIIVI tai -ING-muotoa:
We saw Tommi Korpela come / coming to the theatre.
I heard my sister come / coming home.
10. He doesn't have anybody to blame but himself.
remember, regret, try
We regret to inform you that your son sergeant Smith has died in combat.
I regret hurting your feelings.
Remember to buy milk. =Muista ostaa maitoa. (viittaa tulevaan)
I remember buying milk. = Muistan ostaneeni maitoa. (viittaa menneisyyteen)
Why don' t you try parachuting? = Miksipä et kokeilisi laskuvarjohyppäämistä?
He has tried to
parachute. = Hän on yrittänyt hypätä laskuvarjolla.
TULEE että-lause, kun edellä tietämistä tai uskomista ilmaiseva verbi:
I know (that) you will manage.
I believe (that) you will succeed.
I think (that) it is awful when some people draw big pictures on the walls.
Our neighbour's house needs painting.
Our neighbour's house to be painted.
ex. 7
Demi Moore did everything to look stunning, only to lose the Oscar to the lady in the main role in Anora.
(which / that have been) made to entertain
to entertain
to have entertained
to be entertained
to have been entertained
He doesn't know how to entertain other people.
He is said to have entertained millions of people.
I want to be entertained.
King Henry VIII was said to have been entertained dozens of times when he was sick.
to take
to have taken
to be taken
to have been taken
adjektiivi + TO-infinitiivi
It is difficult to play the violin.
It is difficult for her to learn to play the violin.
It was easy for us to understand.
NB!
busy + -ING-muoto
What are you busy doing?
I am busy studying.
I am busy learning math.
parachuting
skydiving
Matti is known to be very athletic. = Matin tiedetään OLEVAN hyvin urheilullinen.
Matti is known to have been very athletic. = Matin tiedetään olleen hyvin urheilullinen.
The house had been said to have been built in the 15th century.
AISTIHAVAINTOVERBIT:
see, watch, observe, hear, (listen to), feel, smell
kun ovat aktiivissa, tulee PALJAS INFINTIIVI tai -ING-muotoa:
We saw Tommi Korpela come / coming to the theatre.
I heard my sister come / coming home.
10. He doesn't have anybody to blame but himself.
Teksti
exercise 2
Say the following sentences in English. Work together with a partner.
1. Our teacher made us go (to) see a play / forced us to go to a play.
2. However, she/he let us choose when.
3. I think we should see the play tonight.
4. We could go there a bit/little early.
5. Perhaps/Maybe we’ll see the actors come/coming to the theatre.
6. In fact, we had better leave right now.
7. I can hardly wait!
8. Didn’t you hear Sarah talk/talking about their experience?
9. They hoped to meet / that they could meet the actors after the play.
10. The actors had made them wait outside for two hours.
11. And the bodyguard didn’t even let them talk to the actors.
12. I think the same will happen to us so why bother.
13. At least I’d rather stay (at) home than wait outside in the cold.
14. Why do you say Sarah does nothing but complain?
Say the following sentences in English. Work together with a partner.
1. Our teacher made us go (to) see a play / forced us to go to a play.
2. However, she/he let us choose when.
3. I think we should see the play tonight.
4. We could go there a bit/little early.
5. Perhaps/Maybe we’ll see the actors come/coming to the theatre.
6. In fact, we had better leave right now.
7. I can hardly wait!
8. Didn’t you hear Sarah talk/talking about their experience?
9. They hoped to meet / that they could meet the actors after the play.
10. The actors had made them wait outside for two hours.
11. And the bodyguard didn’t even let them talk to the actors.
12. I think the same will happen to us so why bother.
13. At least I’d rather stay (at) home than wait outside in the cold.
14. Why do you say Sarah does nothing but complain?
Teksti
5
Translate into Finnish. Pay special attention to the underlined verb structures.
1. Ensimmäisen avaruudessa olleen britin, eteläkorealaisen ja iranilaisen tiedetään olleen naisia.
2. Aivan ensimmäinen avaruteen lentänyt nainen oli kuitenkin Valentina Tereshkova vuonna
1963.
3. Hänen sanotaan tulleen valituksi kosmonautiksi, koska hänellä oli kokemusta
laskuvarjohyppäämisestä.
4. Hänen tyttärensä Elena oli ensimmäinen avaruuteen lentäneelle äidille sekä isälle syntynyt
henkilö.
5. Tereshkova on edelleen historian ainoa yksin avaruuslennon tehnyt nainen.
Translate into Finnish. Pay special attention to the underlined verb structures.
1. Ensimmäisen avaruudessa olleen britin, eteläkorealaisen ja iranilaisen tiedetään olleen naisia.
2. Aivan ensimmäinen avaruteen lentänyt nainen oli kuitenkin Valentina Tereshkova vuonna
1963.
3. Hänen sanotaan tulleen valituksi kosmonautiksi, koska hänellä oli kokemusta
laskuvarjohyppäämisestä.
4. Hänen tyttärensä Elena oli ensimmäinen avaruuteen lentäneelle äidille sekä isälle syntynyt
henkilö.
5. Tereshkova on edelleen historian ainoa yksin avaruuslennon tehnyt nainen.
Teksti
7
Fill in with the help of the clues.
Here is a list of movies about the moon made to entertain.
1. In Moon, Sam Rockwell is hired to work at a lunar station. He is supposed to be there alone, but
is he?
2. In the Shadow of the Moon lets the images and interviews with astronauts tell the stories.
Unfortunately, Neil Armstrong declined to take part.
3. Moonraker is perhaps too clumsily made to be taken seriously, but like most Bond movies, it is
entertaining to watch.
4. In a film adaptation of an H.G.Wells novel, two British men use an anti-gravity substance to fly
them to the moon.
5. Georges Méliès’ 14-minute film from 1902 is the first sci-fi movie (to have been) made / to be
made in the 20th century.
6. In case you run out of cheese and need restocking / to restock, the best place to go is the
moon. This Wallace and Gromit classic, A Grand Day Out, was nominated for an Oscar, only to lose
to another film by the same creators.
7. Many have heard Tom Hanks say, “Houston, we have a problem” in Apollo 13. The zero gravity
scenes were filmed aboard a simulation plane to achieve genuine weightlessness.
8. One of the first 3D movies made / to have been made / to be made is Magnificent Desolation
where actual footage, computer-created imagery (CGI) and interviews are used to create a more
compelling atmosphere.
9. Iron Sky is a story about Nazis who set up a base on the moon in 1945, and then decide to
return to a future Earth to take over the planet.
10. Despicable Me is a CGI comedy about a super-villain who decides to steal the moon. The movie
ranks among the best animated movies ever created / to have been created.
Fill in with the help of the clues.
Here is a list of movies about the moon made to entertain.
1. In Moon, Sam Rockwell is hired to work at a lunar station. He is supposed to be there alone, but
is he?
2. In the Shadow of the Moon lets the images and interviews with astronauts tell the stories.
Unfortunately, Neil Armstrong declined to take part.
3. Moonraker is perhaps too clumsily made to be taken seriously, but like most Bond movies, it is
entertaining to watch.
4. In a film adaptation of an H.G.Wells novel, two British men use an anti-gravity substance to fly
them to the moon.
5. Georges Méliès’ 14-minute film from 1902 is the first sci-fi movie (to have been) made / to be
made in the 20th century.
6. In case you run out of cheese and need restocking / to restock, the best place to go is the
moon. This Wallace and Gromit classic, A Grand Day Out, was nominated for an Oscar, only to lose
to another film by the same creators.
7. Many have heard Tom Hanks say, “Houston, we have a problem” in Apollo 13. The zero gravity
scenes were filmed aboard a simulation plane to achieve genuine weightlessness.
8. One of the first 3D movies made / to have been made / to be made is Magnificent Desolation
where actual footage, computer-created imagery (CGI) and interviews are used to create a more
compelling atmosphere.
9. Iron Sky is a story about Nazis who set up a base on the moon in 1945, and then decide to
return to a future Earth to take over the planet.
10. Despicable Me is a CGI comedy about a super-villain who decides to steal the moon. The movie
ranks among the best animated movies ever created / to have been created.
March 12th, 2025
HW ex. 16 p. 169, ex. 17 p. 170, ex. 10 p. 167, ex. 14 p. 168
The -ING-muoto:
1. subjektina
Smoking is not good for health.'
2. predikatiivina
Seeing is believing. (To see is to believe.)
3. objektina tietyt verbit vaativat -ing-muotoa
What do you enjoy doing?
I enjoy reading.
She enjoys swimming.
1. enjoy
2. miss
I miss seeing you.
3. mind
Do you mind opening the door?
4. risk
He risks being caught.
5. can't help
"I can't help falling in love with you."
(I can't help but fall in love with you.)
I couldn't help loving him.
6. can't stand
I can't stand lying and especially I can't stand being lied to.
7.
stop: He stopped greeting us.
finish: What time did you finish working?
quit: He quit / quitted going to school.
avoid: Avoid disturbing him.
prevent (from): Nothing can prevent me ( from) loving you.
postpone: We had to postpone meeting.
put off: We had to put off meeting.
escape: He escaped being caught.
leave off: Why don't you leave off swearing?
8.
go on: He went on running.
keep (on): Keep (on) doing the good work
4. preposition jälkeen verbi on ing-muodossa
You are interested in studying English.
You are keen on playing football.
He left the room without saying a word.
By doing you learn.
5. NB! busy
What are you busy doing?
I am busy studying.
6. IDIOMIT
What is worth doing is worth doing well.
The Summer Book was worth seeing.
Animal Farm is a book worth (while) reading.
It is no use / no good
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
There is nothing like reading.
This film is worthy of seeing.
Vergil: Aeneid I - VIII
Aeneas
Carthago
Dido
Dido stopped to greet Aeneas in the Underworld.
Dido stopped greeting Aeneas.
... I would be better off studying astronomy.
The -ING-muoto:
1. subjektina
Smoking is not good for health.'
2. predikatiivina
Seeing is believing. (To see is to believe.)
3. objektina tietyt verbit vaativat -ing-muotoa
What do you enjoy doing?
I enjoy reading.
She enjoys swimming.
1. enjoy
2. miss
I miss seeing you.
3. mind
Do you mind opening the door?
4. risk
He risks being caught.
5. can't help
"I can't help falling in love with you."
(I can't help but fall in love with you.)
I couldn't help loving him.
6. can't stand
I can't stand lying and especially I can't stand being lied to.
7.
stop: He stopped greeting us.
finish: What time did you finish working?
quit: He quit / quitted going to school.
avoid: Avoid disturbing him.
prevent (from): Nothing can prevent me ( from) loving you.
postpone: We had to postpone meeting.
put off: We had to put off meeting.
escape: He escaped being caught.
leave off: Why don't you leave off swearing?
8.
go on: He went on running.
keep (on): Keep (on) doing the good work
4. preposition jälkeen verbi on ing-muodossa
You are interested in studying English.
You are keen on playing football.
He left the room without saying a word.
By doing you learn.
5. NB! busy
What are you busy doing?
I am busy studying.
6. IDIOMIT
What is worth doing is worth doing well.
The Summer Book was worth seeing.
Animal Farm is a book worth (while) reading.
It is no use / no good
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
There is nothing like reading.
This film is worthy of seeing.
Vergil: Aeneid I - VIII
Aeneas
Carthago
Dido
Dido stopped to greet Aeneas in the Underworld.
Dido stopped greeting Aeneas.
... I would be better off studying astronomy.
Teksti
8
More advanced. Translate into English.
🔒 You will get the correct answers from your teacher.
|
1. Isoveljeni sai minut uskomaan, että on mahdollista matkustaa aurinkoon ja takaisin. |
My big brother made me believe that it is possible to travel to the sun and back. |
|
2. Jopa vanhempani antoivat minun luulla niin, joten en tiennyt ketä uskoa kuullessani opettajani sanovan, että se ei ole totta. |
Even my parents let me think that, so I didn’t know who to believe when I heard my teacher say(ing) it wasn’t true. |
|
3. Lapsena en tehnyt mitään muuta kuin haaveilin astronautiksi tulemisesta. |
As a child I did nothing but dream about becoming an astronaut. |
|
4. Sen sijaan minut pakotettiin ottamaan pianotunteja, vaikka sanoin, että minun olisi parasta opiskella tähtitiedettä. |
Instead I was made/forced to take piano lessons (even) though I said I had better study astronomy. |
|
5. Halusin vain, että he ottavat haaveeni tosissaan, sillä tiesin voivani saavuttaa päämääräni. |
I only wanted them to take my dream seriously, because I knew (that) I could/would be able to achieve my goals. |
March 12th, 2025
Engage Write down the sentences according to what you hear and then translate them. Track 31
1. Jodie wasn’t lying about her career.
2. I don’t mind carrying your bags for you.
3. Samuel regretted having spent all his money on his girlfriend.
4. Emily enjoys making decisions.
5. She can’t help giving advice even without being asked.
6. Not finishing her chores, Leah wasn’t allowed to go out to play.
1. Jodie ei valehdellut urastaan.
2. Voin kantaa laukkujasi puolestasi.
3. Samuel katui, että oli tuhlannut kaikki rahansa tyttöystäväänsä.
4. Emily nauttii päätösten tekemisestä.
5. Hän ei voi olla antamatta neuvoja, vaikka häneltä ei niitä kysyttäisikään.
6. Koska Leah ei tehnyt loppuun kotitöitään, hän ei saanut mennä ulos leikkimään.
1. Jodie wasn’t lying about her career.
2. I don’t mind carrying your bags for you.
3. Samuel regretted having spent all his money on his girlfriend.
4. Emily enjoys making decisions.
5. She can’t help giving advice even without being asked.
6. Not finishing her chores, Leah wasn’t allowed to go out to play.
1. Jodie ei valehdellut urastaan.
2. Voin kantaa laukkujasi puolestasi.
3. Samuel katui, että oli tuhlannut kaikki rahansa tyttöystäväänsä.
4. Emily nauttii päätösten tekemisestä.
5. Hän ei voi olla antamatta neuvoja, vaikka häneltä ei niitä kysyttäisikään.
6. Koska Leah ei tehnyt loppuun kotitöitään, hän ei saanut mennä ulos leikkimään.
March 17th, 2025
HW ex. 5c p. 48
Alexander Stubb is to give a speech tonight. = Alexander Stubb on pitävä puheen tänä iltana. (viittaa tulevaan)
Aleksis Kivi was to die young. = Aleksis Kivi oli kuoleva nuorena. (kohtalonomainen)
a womb = a uterus
a foetus
an embryo
a nucleus, many nuclei
TO on prepositio:
Saara Lilja used to smoke five cigarettes a day with her dogs. =Saara Lilja poltti ENNEN viisi savuketta päivässä koiriensa kanssa.
1. Saara Lilja was used to smoking five cigarettes a day with her dogs. = Saara Lilja OLI TOTTUNUT polttamaan viisi savuketta päivässä koiriensa kanssa.
(to) be used to doing s-g
2. (to) object to doing s-g = vastustaa jnkn tekemistä
He objected to smoking in his home.
3. (to) look forward to doing s-g = odottaa innokkaasti jtkn
I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
I look forward to hearing from you soon again.
4. (to) get used to doing s-g = tottua jhkn
We got used to getting up at 6 am.
You will get used to getting up at 5 am.
Slingshot is a device (which / that has been) made to clean water. PASSIIVI / lauseenvastike
That idea might be thrown in the bin. = Tuo idea saatetaan heittää roskiin.
The -ING-muoto:1. subjektinaSmoking is not good for health.
2. predikatiivina
Seeing is believing. (To see is to believe.)
3. objektina tietyt verbit vaativat -ing-muotoa
What do you enjoy doing?
I enjoy reading.
She enjoys swimming.
1. enjoy
2. miss
I miss seeing you.
3. mind
Do you mind opening the door?
4. risk
He risks being caught.
5. can't help
"I can't help falling in love with you."
(I can't help but fall in love with you.)
I couldn't help loving him. = En voinut olla rakastamatta häntä.
6. can't stand = ei voi sietää
I can't stand lying and especially I can't stand being lied to.
7.
stop: He stopped greeting us.
finish: What time did you finish working?
quit: He quit / quitted going to school.
avoid: Avoid disturbing him.
prevent (from): Nothing can prevent me ( from) loving you.
postpone: We had to postpone meeting each other.
put off: We had to put off meeting each other.
escape: He escaped being caught.
leave off: Why don't you leave off swearing?
end up: He ended up being in prison for the rest of his life.
8.
go on: He went on running.
keep (on): Keep (on) doing the good work
9. feel like = fancy = haluttaa
Do you fancy going out with me? = Do you feel like going out with me?
4. preposition jälkeen verbi on ing-muodossa
You are interested in studying English.
You are keen on playing football.
He left the room without saying a word.
By doing you learn.
5. NB! busy
What are you busy doing?
I am busy studying.
6. IDIOMIT
What is worth doing is worth doing well.
The Summer Book was worth seeing.
Animal Farm is a book worth (while) reading
This film is worthy of seeing.
It is no use / no good
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
There is nothing like... = Mikään ei vedä vertoja... There is nothing like sleeping late in the mornings.
Alexander Stubb is to give a speech tonight. = Alexander Stubb on pitävä puheen tänä iltana. (viittaa tulevaan)
Aleksis Kivi was to die young. = Aleksis Kivi oli kuoleva nuorena. (kohtalonomainen)
a womb = a uterus
a foetus
an embryo
a nucleus, many nuclei
TO on prepositio:
Saara Lilja used to smoke five cigarettes a day with her dogs. =Saara Lilja poltti ENNEN viisi savuketta päivässä koiriensa kanssa.
1. Saara Lilja was used to smoking five cigarettes a day with her dogs. = Saara Lilja OLI TOTTUNUT polttamaan viisi savuketta päivässä koiriensa kanssa.
(to) be used to doing s-g
2. (to) object to doing s-g = vastustaa jnkn tekemistä
He objected to smoking in his home.
3. (to) look forward to doing s-g = odottaa innokkaasti jtkn
I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
I look forward to hearing from you soon again.
4. (to) get used to doing s-g = tottua jhkn
We got used to getting up at 6 am.
You will get used to getting up at 5 am.
Slingshot is a device (which / that has been) made to clean water. PASSIIVI / lauseenvastike
That idea might be thrown in the bin. = Tuo idea saatetaan heittää roskiin.
The -ING-muoto:1. subjektinaSmoking is not good for health.
2. predikatiivina
Seeing is believing. (To see is to believe.)
3. objektina tietyt verbit vaativat -ing-muotoa
What do you enjoy doing?
I enjoy reading.
She enjoys swimming.
1. enjoy
2. miss
I miss seeing you.
3. mind
Do you mind opening the door?
4. risk
He risks being caught.
5. can't help
"I can't help falling in love with you."
(I can't help but fall in love with you.)
I couldn't help loving him. = En voinut olla rakastamatta häntä.
6. can't stand = ei voi sietää
I can't stand lying and especially I can't stand being lied to.
7.
stop: He stopped greeting us.
finish: What time did you finish working?
quit: He quit / quitted going to school.
avoid: Avoid disturbing him.
prevent (from): Nothing can prevent me ( from) loving you.
postpone: We had to postpone meeting each other.
put off: We had to put off meeting each other.
escape: He escaped being caught.
leave off: Why don't you leave off swearing?
end up: He ended up being in prison for the rest of his life.
8.
go on: He went on running.
keep (on): Keep (on) doing the good work
9. feel like = fancy = haluttaa
Do you fancy going out with me? = Do you feel like going out with me?
4. preposition jälkeen verbi on ing-muodossa
You are interested in studying English.
You are keen on playing football.
He left the room without saying a word.
By doing you learn.
5. NB! busy
What are you busy doing?
I am busy studying.
6. IDIOMIT
What is worth doing is worth doing well.
The Summer Book was worth seeing.
Animal Farm is a book worth (while) reading
This film is worthy of seeing.
It is no use / no good
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
There is nothing like... = Mikään ei vedä vertoja... There is nothing like sleeping late in the mornings.
Teksti
10 Say the following sentences in English. Use the ing-forms. Work together with a partner.
1. Singing in the shower is good for your health.
2. Laughing children always make me smile.
3. It’s always worth trying new things.
4. I’m used to starting a new hobby every autumn.
5. I especially enjoy challenging myself.
6. I can’t stand flying insects.
7. I’m very good at assembling furniture.
8. I don’t feel like waking up early on/at weekends.
9. I’m tired of explaining this over and over again.
10. Have you ever seen a dancing dog?
1. Singing in the shower is good for your health.
2. Laughing children always make me smile.
3. It’s always worth trying new things.
4. I’m used to starting a new hobby every autumn.
5. I especially enjoy challenging myself.
6. I can’t stand flying insects.
7. I’m very good at assembling furniture.
8. I don’t feel like waking up early on/at weekends.
9. I’m tired of explaining this over and over again.
10. Have you ever seen a dancing dog?
Teksti
14 Choose the best alternative.
1. My friends and I used to be active members of our school’s science club.
2. I used to think I would become a chemist.
3. People who are used to waking up early in the morning find it easy to start school at 8 am.
4. When we were little, every one of us used to dream about becoming the next great inventor.
5. I’m still not used to reading books in English.
6. I think I’d better get used to studying in other languages.
1. My friends and I used to be active members of our school’s science club.
2. I used to think I would become a chemist.
3. People who are used to waking up early in the morning find it easy to start school at 8 am.
4. When we were little, every one of us used to dream about becoming the next great inventor.
5. I’m still not used to reading books in English.
6. I think I’d better get used to studying in other languages.
Teksti
16 More advanced. Choose the best alternative.
Trying to predict the future can be difficult if not impossible.
What appears to be the next success story now might be thrown in the bin tomorrow.
However, there are inventions that have the potential to alter the world we now know.
The DEKA prosthetic arm will allow amputees to raise their hands above their heads.
This lets them perform much more complicated tasks than ever before.
The Smart Pipe is designed to reduce the amount of wasted clean water by monitoring water flow and leaks in public water systems.
The leaking is estimated to have cost millions of dollars annually in the US. In the future you might end up seeing delivery people and construction workers wear Titan Arms.
In addition to helping them lift heavy things, Titan Arms could be used by people with back injuries caused by lifting heavy things or even by people recovering from a stroke.
Slingshot is a device made to clean water from almost any source.
One device would be sufficient to serve the needs of 300 people.
After a decade of being developed, the Slingshot technology is now to be taken to parts of Africa and Latin America.
Trying to predict the future can be difficult if not impossible.
What appears to be the next success story now might be thrown in the bin tomorrow.
However, there are inventions that have the potential to alter the world we now know.
The DEKA prosthetic arm will allow amputees to raise their hands above their heads.
This lets them perform much more complicated tasks than ever before.
The Smart Pipe is designed to reduce the amount of wasted clean water by monitoring water flow and leaks in public water systems.
The leaking is estimated to have cost millions of dollars annually in the US. In the future you might end up seeing delivery people and construction workers wear Titan Arms.
In addition to helping them lift heavy things, Titan Arms could be used by people with back injuries caused by lifting heavy things or even by people recovering from a stroke.
Slingshot is a device made to clean water from almost any source.
One device would be sufficient to serve the needs of 300 people.
After a decade of being developed, the Slingshot technology is now to be taken to parts of Africa and Latin America.
Teksti
17 More advanced. Fill in according to the clues.
1. If you were to see some of the smartest animals in the world go/going about their daily routines, you couldn’t help but be amazed about how smart they are.
2. Being closely related to human beings, chimpanzees also have the ability to perform complex tasks.
3. While we may look very different, chimpanzees and humans have remarkably similar ways of communicating.
4. You might have heard a parrot say ‘Polly wants a cracker’ before, but they are not only capable of repeating human phrases, they also know how to use the conveyed information to solve problems. So repeating human words is just one of their many tricks.
5. Octopuses use their ink to disorient their victims before killing them with their tentacles. They have been known to break into fishing boats and have been seen to eat / eating the catch.
6. In addition to surprising scientists with their amazing physical abilities, rats have also been shown to be ingenious at solving problems.
7. Research has shown that pigs compete with one another to learn new skills, usually related to gathering food.
1. If you were to see some of the smartest animals in the world go/going about their daily routines, you couldn’t help but be amazed about how smart they are.
2. Being closely related to human beings, chimpanzees also have the ability to perform complex tasks.
3. While we may look very different, chimpanzees and humans have remarkably similar ways of communicating.
4. You might have heard a parrot say ‘Polly wants a cracker’ before, but they are not only capable of repeating human phrases, they also know how to use the conveyed information to solve problems. So repeating human words is just one of their many tricks.
5. Octopuses use their ink to disorient their victims before killing them with their tentacles. They have been known to break into fishing boats and have been seen to eat / eating the catch.
6. In addition to surprising scientists with their amazing physical abilities, rats have also been shown to be ingenious at solving problems.
7. Research has shown that pigs compete with one another to learn new skills, usually related to gathering food.
March 19th, 2025
HW ex. 5d, ex. 5e, ex. 5i p. 49 - 53
We had to pay a 250-euro deposit.
We had to pay 250 euros as a deposit.
What kind of life did she lead?
pelvis = hips
ignorant of the tumor
= oblivious to the tumor
cervix
cervical cancer
lead, led, led
lead a life
g = 9,81 m/s2
vaccine (n.)
vaccination (n.)
vaccinate (v.)
weigh (v.) = painaa; punnita
weight (n.) = paino
fertile (adj.)
fertilizer (n.) = lannoite
fertilization (n.)
vice (n.)
vicious (adj.)
a sample
= a specimen
appendix
appendicitis
s-o-itis = salphingo-oophoritis
bronchitis
-itis = tulehdus
We had to pay a 250-euro deposit.
We had to pay 250 euros as a deposit.
What kind of life did she lead?
pelvis = hips
ignorant of the tumor
= oblivious to the tumor
cervix
cervical cancer
lead, led, led
lead a life
g = 9,81 m/s2
vaccine (n.)
vaccination (n.)
vaccinate (v.)
weigh (v.) = painaa; punnita
weight (n.) = paino
fertile (adj.)
fertilizer (n.) = lannoite
fertilization (n.)
vice (n.)
vicious (adj.)
a sample
= a specimen
appendix
appendicitis
s-o-itis = salphingo-oophoritis
bronchitis
-itis = tulehdus
Teksti
5c
1. the late 1940s
2. reached the age of thirty
3. hundreds of times
4. what kind of life she led
5. advances in medicine
6. spanning more than 350 million feet
7. a bit over five feet tall
1. the late 1940s
2. reached the age of thirty
3. hundreds of times
4. what kind of life she led
5. advances in medicine
6. spanning more than 350 million feet
7. a bit over five feet tall
March 24th, 2025
HW ex. A & B p. 37
Quantity words:
Sg: a little / little:
I have a little time on me. What would you like to do?
I know a little Spanish. I manage with my Spanish in Spain.
Unfortunately, I have little time. I must now hurry.
Unfortunately, I know little Spanish. I must learn more.
(a) little, less, the least
I have less money than you do.
Who has the least money?
Pl: a few / few
I have a few friends. I have all the reason to be happy.
Unfortunately, I have few friends.
I have fewer friends than you do.
Who has the fewest friends?
(a) few, fewer, the fewest
He has an insight into Finnish history.
insane
self-esteem = self-worth
sub-Saharan countries
oblivion
vice
vicious circle
a heel
high heels
AIDS = acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome
adore (v.) = jumaloida
in the 1930s = 1930-luvulla
in the early 1930s
in the mid-1930s
in the late 1930s
The Nazis came to power in 1933.
Is there any cure for cancer?
Quantity words:
Sg: a little / little:
I have a little time on me. What would you like to do?
I know a little Spanish. I manage with my Spanish in Spain.
Unfortunately, I have little time. I must now hurry.
Unfortunately, I know little Spanish. I must learn more.
(a) little, less, the least
I have less money than you do.
Who has the least money?
Pl: a few / few
I have a few friends. I have all the reason to be happy.
Unfortunately, I have few friends.
I have fewer friends than you do.
Who has the fewest friends?
(a) few, fewer, the fewest
He has an insight into Finnish history.
insane
self-esteem = self-worth
sub-Saharan countries
oblivion
vice
vicious circle
a heel
high heels
AIDS = acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome
adore (v.) = jumaloida
in the 1930s = 1930-luvulla
in the early 1930s
in the mid-1930s
in the late 1930s
The Nazis came to power in 1933.
Is there any cure for cancer?
Teksti
exercise 5d Use the phrases from the previous exercise to complete the sentences.
You might have to change them a little. Lou Gehrig's disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is 1. {{one of the most famous}} diseases named after a celebrity. He played for the New York Yankees major league baseball team from 1923 to 1939, his career 2. {{spanning more than 2100}} consecutive games. He set several records and was adored by fans, but by 3. {{the late 1930s}} it was obvious something was wrong. He had hit that ball 4. {{hundreds of times}} but in 1938 his batting average fell significantly. He grew weak and sluggish and he played his last game on April 29, 1939. That’s when 5. {{many Americans first learned about ALS.}} He died before he 6. {{had reached the age of forty.}} Although 7. {{there have been significant advances in medicine}}, especially 8. {{in the last 20 years}}, there is still no cure for this disease.
exercise 5e Fill in with a word from the list in its right form.
1.The police haven’t {{identified}} the victim yet.
2. That somebody can be so cruel to animals is just {{inconceivable}}.
3. I {{estimate/calculate}} that it will take us about three hours to finish this.
4. Do you know how to {{calculate/estimate}} the area of a square? H
5. Haven’t you noticed what’s going on – are you completely {{oblivious}}?
6. Many cultures believe that people have {{immortal}} souls.
7. That looks like a very {{vicious}} infection; you’ll have to get antibiotics.
8. If you try to {{suppress}} your anger for too long, you’ll eventually lose your temper.
9. That’s a nasty looking cut; it’ll take a while to {{heal}}.
10. Animal hair and even cat saliva can {{trigger}} an asthma attack.
You might have to change them a little. Lou Gehrig's disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is 1. {{one of the most famous}} diseases named after a celebrity. He played for the New York Yankees major league baseball team from 1923 to 1939, his career 2. {{spanning more than 2100}} consecutive games. He set several records and was adored by fans, but by 3. {{the late 1930s}} it was obvious something was wrong. He had hit that ball 4. {{hundreds of times}} but in 1938 his batting average fell significantly. He grew weak and sluggish and he played his last game on April 29, 1939. That’s when 5. {{many Americans first learned about ALS.}} He died before he 6. {{had reached the age of forty.}} Although 7. {{there have been significant advances in medicine}}, especially 8. {{in the last 20 years}}, there is still no cure for this disease.
exercise 5e Fill in with a word from the list in its right form.
1.The police haven’t {{identified}} the victim yet.
2. That somebody can be so cruel to animals is just {{inconceivable}}.
3. I {{estimate/calculate}} that it will take us about three hours to finish this.
4. Do you know how to {{calculate/estimate}} the area of a square? H
5. Haven’t you noticed what’s going on – are you completely {{oblivious}}?
6. Many cultures believe that people have {{immortal}} souls.
7. That looks like a very {{vicious}} infection; you’ll have to get antibiotics.
8. If you try to {{suppress}} your anger for too long, you’ll eventually lose your temper.
9. That’s a nasty looking cut; it’ll take a while to {{heal}}.
10. Animal hair and even cat saliva can {{trigger}} an asthma attack.
Teksti
exercise 5i The words reproduce and replenish are used in the chapter. The prefix re- can mean “back” or “again.” When you are returning home from a trip, you are coming back home. If you feel like rearranging the furniture, you want to have a new order in a room. Step 1: What do the following verbs mean? If you don’t know, try to guess based on the prefix re- and the meaning of the root.
1D, 2F, 3A, 4G, 5E, 6K, 7I, 8B, 9H, 10C, 11L, 12J
1D, 2F, 3A, 4G, 5E, 6K, 7I, 8B, 9H, 10C, 11L, 12J
March 26th, 2025
HW ex. 19 p. 177, ex. 20 p. 177, ex. 21 p. 178, ex. 6b p. 59
commit suicide
nevertheless = nonetheless = however = yet in the beginning of a clause = still in the beginning of a clause = KUITENKIN
strike, struck, struck = lyödä
Russian roulette
probability
a dice / a die, pl. many dice
useimmat = most
Most cars are expensive.
Most people want to rest on / at weekends.
the most:
We went picking berries. My Dad picked the most berries. = eniten marjoja
I picked the least berries. = vähiten marjoja
I knew little about him.
Little DID I KNOW about him.
kieltosanan (not, nor, never, no) tai rajoittavan määreen (little, hardly = barely = scarcely, seldom = rarely, only) jälkeen tulee TÄYDELLINEN SUORAN KYSYMYKSEN sanajärjestys
He seldom calls me.
Seldom DOES HE CALL me.
perceive (v.) = huomioida
perception (n.) = huomiointi
innate = inborn = synnynnäinen
insomnia = sleeplessness
conscious of s-g = aware of s-g
empathy
commit suicide
nevertheless = nonetheless = however = yet in the beginning of a clause = still in the beginning of a clause = KUITENKIN
strike, struck, struck = lyödä
Russian roulette
probability
a dice / a die, pl. many dice
useimmat = most
Most cars are expensive.
Most people want to rest on / at weekends.
the most:
We went picking berries. My Dad picked the most berries. = eniten marjoja
I picked the least berries. = vähiten marjoja
I knew little about him.
Little DID I KNOW about him.
kieltosanan (not, nor, never, no) tai rajoittavan määreen (little, hardly = barely = scarcely, seldom = rarely, only) jälkeen tulee TÄYDELLINEN SUORAN KYSYMYKSEN sanajärjestys
He seldom calls me.
Seldom DOES HE CALL me.
perceive (v.) = huomioida
perception (n.) = huomiointi
innate = inborn = synnynnäinen
insomnia = sleeplessness
conscious of s-g = aware of s-g
empathy
March 26th, 2025
Glossary: Psychology A. What are the following words?
1. phobia
2. delusion
3. sanity
4.obsession
5. innate
6. frustration
7. insomnia
8. conscious
9. trait
10. mature
11. neurological
Glossary: Psychology B. Choose the best alternative.
The term positive psychology is broad. It comprises a variety of techniques that encourage people to be 1. conscious and further develop their own positive 2. emotions, experiences and character 3. traits. It makes use of positive 4. reinforcement and 5. intrinsic motivation in people to want to feel better about themselves. Although initially developed as a means to promote well-being in healthy people, positive psychology techniques are now being promoted as an alternative to more traditional forms of 6. therapy. Its core philosophy is to prevent 7. disorders or problems with low 8. self-esteem. Even though positive psychology has been dismissed as unnecessary happy talk, it seems to be gaining ground. However, most textbooks on psychology still contain thousands of lines devoted to matters such as 9. anxiety disorder, neurotic 10. obsession, or depression. Not a word about joy, hope or compassion.
1. phobia
2. delusion
3. sanity
4.obsession
5. innate
6. frustration
7. insomnia
8. conscious
9. trait
10. mature
11. neurological
Glossary: Psychology B. Choose the best alternative.
The term positive psychology is broad. It comprises a variety of techniques that encourage people to be 1. conscious and further develop their own positive 2. emotions, experiences and character 3. traits. It makes use of positive 4. reinforcement and 5. intrinsic motivation in people to want to feel better about themselves. Although initially developed as a means to promote well-being in healthy people, positive psychology techniques are now being promoted as an alternative to more traditional forms of 6. therapy. Its core philosophy is to prevent 7. disorders or problems with low 8. self-esteem. Even though positive psychology has been dismissed as unnecessary happy talk, it seems to be gaining ground. However, most textbooks on psychology still contain thousands of lines devoted to matters such as 9. anxiety disorder, neurotic 10. obsession, or depression. Not a word about joy, hope or compassion.
March 31st, 2025
HW ex. 25 p. 180, ex. 26 p. 180, ex. 30 p. 193, ex. 34 p. 200
on numerals:
1. NOLLA
1. double O seven = 007 /ou/
2. zero, especially in temperatures
zero Coke
3. nought
4. love
in tennis, squash and badminton
5. (nihil)
nil / nothing
in football and icehockey
The match ended six - nil
6. duck
in cricket
2. vuosiluvuissa in
He was born in 1944.
The battle of Hastings was fought in 1066.
by 2035
3.
There was restlessness in Europe in the early 1930s.
There was still restlessness in Europe in the mid-1930s.
The war started in Europe in the late 1930s.
in the 1960's
Wolf Castle depicts the time in England in the 1500s. = in the 16th century = in the sixteenth century
in the eighth century
4.
BCE = Before Common Era = eaa
Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 CE.
CE = Common Era = jaa
Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 AD.
AD = Anno Domini
Julius Caesar was murdered in 44 BC.
BC = Before Christ
a century = vuosisata
a decade = vuosikymmen
a millennium= vuosituhar
however
nevertheless
nonetheless
yet / still lauseen alussa
a pair of gloves
a pair of shoes
a pair of jeans
an alcoholic
a shopaholic
a chocoholic
a prize: the Nobel Peace Prize
a price = hinta
I think...
In my opinion
To my mind
on numerals:
1. NOLLA
1. double O seven = 007 /ou/
2. zero, especially in temperatures
zero Coke
3. nought
4. love
in tennis, squash and badminton
5. (nihil)
nil / nothing
in football and icehockey
The match ended six - nil
6. duck
in cricket
2. vuosiluvuissa in
He was born in 1944.
The battle of Hastings was fought in 1066.
by 2035
3.
There was restlessness in Europe in the early 1930s.
There was still restlessness in Europe in the mid-1930s.
The war started in Europe in the late 1930s.
in the 1960's
Wolf Castle depicts the time in England in the 1500s. = in the 16th century = in the sixteenth century
in the eighth century
4.
BCE = Before Common Era = eaa
Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 CE.
CE = Common Era = jaa
Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 AD.
AD = Anno Domini
Julius Caesar was murdered in 44 BC.
BC = Before Christ
a century = vuosisata
a decade = vuosikymmen
a millennium= vuosituhar
however
nevertheless
nonetheless
yet / still lauseen alussa
a pair of gloves
a pair of shoes
a pair of jeans
an alcoholic
a shopaholic
a chocoholic
a prize: the Nobel Peace Prize
a price = hinta
I think...
In my opinion
To my mind
Teksti
exercise 19 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. I was a little / a bit nervous before the biology exam.
2. I had (only a) little time / only had a little time to revise.
3. I had even less time to sleep the previous night.
4. The teacher had given a few / some interesting articles about/on dolphins.
5. Few students have seen dolphins.
6. Even fewer have seen them outside captivity.
7. Unfortunately, they have too little space to swim in captivity.
8. I have visited a few / some zoos.
9. This year the local zoo has had the fewest visitors for years.
10. It also means that there is the least money available.
11. Little can be done to improve the situation. / Not much can be done… / There is little that can be done…
12. The course gave me some / a few ideas on how to help animals.
exercise 20 Choose the best alternative.
1. The internet has brought us many opportunities that didn’t exist fifty years ago.
2. We have easy access to a lot of information in all areas of life.
3. Never before has it been so easy to communicate with so many people from around the world.
4. It has also changed the way we work a lot.
5. Just think about how much time people save with the option to telework.
6. We don’t even need that many office buildings anymore.
7. Perhaps within thirty years most people will work outside the traditional office.
8. Not everyone will like that idea very much.
9. They might not have much experience in working from home.
10. Do you think we will lose many more jobs to robots in the future?
11. Perhaps. Doesn’t it cost much more money to hire people than to build robots?
exercise 21 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. How many pairs of jeans have you bought this year?
2. You do more shopping than anyone else I know.
3. Most of the shops that you visit / go to must already know you by name.
4. Do you even know what you spend the most money on?
5. Most doctors would call that an addiction.
6. Many more people suffer from a shopping addiction than we think.
7. Most of them shop to forget an/some unpleasant thing in their lives.
8. How many times have you lied about the price of something you (have) bought?
9. According to some studies, shopaholics are more likely to be women.
10. Many / A lot of studies say the difference is very small, though.
11. Many / A lot of people shop for things they don’t need very much.
12. However, if you think about shopping the most, perhaps you could read more about it.
1. I was a little / a bit nervous before the biology exam.
2. I had (only a) little time / only had a little time to revise.
3. I had even less time to sleep the previous night.
4. The teacher had given a few / some interesting articles about/on dolphins.
5. Few students have seen dolphins.
6. Even fewer have seen them outside captivity.
7. Unfortunately, they have too little space to swim in captivity.
8. I have visited a few / some zoos.
9. This year the local zoo has had the fewest visitors for years.
10. It also means that there is the least money available.
11. Little can be done to improve the situation. / Not much can be done… / There is little that can be done…
12. The course gave me some / a few ideas on how to help animals.
exercise 20 Choose the best alternative.
1. The internet has brought us many opportunities that didn’t exist fifty years ago.
2. We have easy access to a lot of information in all areas of life.
3. Never before has it been so easy to communicate with so many people from around the world.
4. It has also changed the way we work a lot.
5. Just think about how much time people save with the option to telework.
6. We don’t even need that many office buildings anymore.
7. Perhaps within thirty years most people will work outside the traditional office.
8. Not everyone will like that idea very much.
9. They might not have much experience in working from home.
10. Do you think we will lose many more jobs to robots in the future?
11. Perhaps. Doesn’t it cost much more money to hire people than to build robots?
exercise 21 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. How many pairs of jeans have you bought this year?
2. You do more shopping than anyone else I know.
3. Most of the shops that you visit / go to must already know you by name.
4. Do you even know what you spend the most money on?
5. Most doctors would call that an addiction.
6. Many more people suffer from a shopping addiction than we think.
7. Most of them shop to forget an/some unpleasant thing in their lives.
8. How many times have you lied about the price of something you (have) bought?
9. According to some studies, shopaholics are more likely to be women.
10. Many / A lot of studies say the difference is very small, though.
11. Many / A lot of people shop for things they don’t need very much.
12. However, if you think about shopping the most, perhaps you could read more about it.
April 2nd, 2025
Glossary: Science C. Translate into English. (Suggested)
1. Where was this gadget/device/appliance assembled?
2. Do we already know how to recycle e-waste/electronic refuse?
3. The development of batteries enables shorter charging times.
4. Is artificial intelligence / AI able to generate/produce new information/data?
5. The precision/accuracy of these predictions is questionable.
6. The evidence was analysed/analyzed carefully.
7. Will today's technology be out-of-date/dated/obsolete/outdated as early as tomorrow?
1. Where was this gadget/device/appliance assembled?
2. Do we already know how to recycle e-waste/electronic refuse?
3. The development of batteries enables shorter charging times.
4. Is artificial intelligence / AI able to generate/produce new information/data?
5. The precision/accuracy of these predictions is questionable.
6. The evidence was analysed/analyzed carefully.
7. Will today's technology be out-of-date/dated/obsolete/outdated as early as tomorrow?
Teksti
He graduated as early as April.
Ha has already come.
in the fifth century
in the ninth century
6. In the late 1940s
7. in the early 1980s
8. in the late 1980s
10. in the early 21st century = in the early 2000s
a recipe
a prescription
a remedy
a 110-year anniversary
1. dozens of cookies
two dozen cookies
two dozen silver spoons
2. hundreds of cars
five hundred cars
3. thousands of people
seven thousand people
4. tens of thousands of lakes
sixty thousand lakes
5. millions of refugees
fourteen million refugees
a couple of days
He'll stay here for a couple of days.
for a few days = several days
"Who was Sally Ride?" = SUORA KYSYMYS
I don't know who Sally Ride was. = EPÄSUORA KYSYMYS
... whose work has had an impact on medicine.
... whose work has had an influence on medicine.
... whose has had an effect on medicine.
on purpose = tarkoituksella
deliberately
vaccinate (v.) = rokottaa
a vaccine (n.) = rokote
vaccination (n.) = rokottaminen
They are very much alike. = They are similar TO each other.
They are different to each other.
Ha has already come.
in the fifth century
in the ninth century
6. In the late 1940s
7. in the early 1980s
8. in the late 1980s
10. in the early 21st century = in the early 2000s
a recipe
a prescription
a remedy
a 110-year anniversary
1. dozens of cookies
two dozen cookies
two dozen silver spoons
2. hundreds of cars
five hundred cars
3. thousands of people
seven thousand people
4. tens of thousands of lakes
sixty thousand lakes
5. millions of refugees
fourteen million refugees
a couple of days
He'll stay here for a couple of days.
for a few days = several days
"Who was Sally Ride?" = SUORA KYSYMYS
I don't know who Sally Ride was. = EPÄSUORA KYSYMYS
... whose work has had an impact on medicine.
... whose work has had an influence on medicine.
... whose has had an effect on medicine.
on purpose = tarkoituksella
deliberately
vaccinate (v.) = rokottaa
a vaccine (n.) = rokote
vaccination (n.) = rokottaminen
They are very much alike. = They are similar TO each other.
They are different to each other.
Teksti
25 Fill in. 1. There are many / a lot of / lots of / plenty of important innovations in the history of technology.
2. The printing press, electricity and penicillin are only a few / only some of them.
3. Sanitation systems had very much to do with people’s life expectancy increasing by 40 years.
4. Few people would deny the importance of the aeroplane.
5. In the 18th century, people were a little / somewhat / a bit sceptical about the fact that making someone sick on purpose would be a good thing.
6. The arguments against vaccination in the 21st century are very much the same as they were in the 19th century.
7. Most scientists would agree that the steam engine was the most significant force in the Industrial Revolution.
8. The 1970s brought us personal computers.
9. Little did we realise/realize/understand then how important a part of our everyday lives they would become within/in a few / some decades.
exercise 26 More advanced. Translate.
1. I was a little / a bit surprised how few people know who Sally Ride, the first female astronaut, was.
2. Even less famous/known are Virginia Apgar and Alice Hamilton, whose work has affected/influenced medicine a great deal / a lot.
3. Few scientists get a lot of appreciation from ordinary people.
4. Most scientific inventions benefit most of us.
5. This year I am going to spend a lot / much more time reading a lot / many more scientific articles.
6. Perhaps the greatest scientists are the least famous and have received the fewest awards.
2. The printing press, electricity and penicillin are only a few / only some of them.
3. Sanitation systems had very much to do with people’s life expectancy increasing by 40 years.
4. Few people would deny the importance of the aeroplane.
5. In the 18th century, people were a little / somewhat / a bit sceptical about the fact that making someone sick on purpose would be a good thing.
6. The arguments against vaccination in the 21st century are very much the same as they were in the 19th century.
7. Most scientists would agree that the steam engine was the most significant force in the Industrial Revolution.
8. The 1970s brought us personal computers.
9. Little did we realise/realize/understand then how important a part of our everyday lives they would become within/in a few / some decades.
exercise 26 More advanced. Translate.
1. I was a little / a bit surprised how few people know who Sally Ride, the first female astronaut, was.
2. Even less famous/known are Virginia Apgar and Alice Hamilton, whose work has affected/influenced medicine a great deal / a lot.
3. Few scientists get a lot of appreciation from ordinary people.
4. Most scientific inventions benefit most of us.
5. This year I am going to spend a lot / much more time reading a lot / many more scientific articles.
6. Perhaps the greatest scientists are the least famous and have received the fewest awards.
Teksti
30 More advanced. Translate.
1. You can make three dozen delicious cookies with this recipe.
2. My cousin has used the same recipe hundreds of times and made thousands of cookies.
3. Hundreds of thousands of baking books contain at least one chocolate (chip) cookie recipe.
4. If you don’t like baking / to bake, you can buy Oreo cookies in more than a hundred countries.
5. When did Oreo celebrate its 110th birthday?
6. Oreo Way is between 9th and 10th Avenues in New York City.
7. 50 per cent / percent of Oreo cookie eaters separate the halves before they eat the cookie.
8. Oreo fans come from hundreds of countries and speak several hundred different languages / hundreds of different languages.
1. You can make three dozen delicious cookies with this recipe.
2. My cousin has used the same recipe hundreds of times and made thousands of cookies.
3. Hundreds of thousands of baking books contain at least one chocolate (chip) cookie recipe.
4. If you don’t like baking / to bake, you can buy Oreo cookies in more than a hundred countries.
5. When did Oreo celebrate its 110th birthday?
6. Oreo Way is between 9th and 10th Avenues in New York City.
7. 50 per cent / percent of Oreo cookie eaters separate the halves before they eat the cookie.
8. Oreo fans come from hundreds of countries and speak several hundred different languages / hundreds of different languages.
Teksti
34 Fill in. Early history
1. from 40 CE to about 410 CE
2. in the 5th century
3. In the 9th century
4. in the late 10th century, early 11th century
5. two decades, in 1066
From the 1940s to the 21st century
6. In the late 1940s
7. in the early 1980s
8. in the late 1980s
9. In 1997
10. in the early 21st century
1. from 40 CE to about 410 CE
2. in the 5th century
3. In the 9th century
4. in the late 10th century, early 11th century
5. two decades, in 1066
From the 1940s to the 21st century
6. In the late 1940s
7. in the early 1980s
8. in the late 1980s
9. In 1997
10. in the early 21st century