ENA6 / Haaksluoto / 2025 - 2026 / 1. periodi
Teksti
KOE on maanantaina 6.10.2025 klo 17.00 – 21.00 luokassa 31. Koe on Otavan sähköinen koe. Ota mukaan oma kannettavasi täyteen ladattuna sekä tarvittavat sähköjohdot että LANGALLISET KUULOKKEET.
Koealue:
- VOCABULARY
- Text 2 You’ve got mail p. 10 – 25
- Text 5 We want you! p. 50 – 59
- Glossary: Education p. 36 – 38
- Glossary: Working life p. 60 – 61
- Glossary: Economy p. 112 – 113
- GRAMMAR
- Adjectives & Adverbs p. 152 – 173
- Reported Speech p. 174 – 185
- Verb + Preposition p. 187 – 191
- Noun + Preposition p. 197 – 200
- Adjective + Preposition p. 203 – 209
- LISTENING COMPREHENSION & VIDEOS
- READING COMPREHENSION
- PRODUCTION (700 – 1,300 characters)
course outline / kurssiohjelma
ENA6 / SCHOOL YEAR 2025 - 2026 / PERIOD I
Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukio, Urheilukatu 10 - 12, 00250 Helsinki
Teacher: Erja H. Haaksluoto, e-mail: erja.haaksluoto@tyk.fi
Available for consultation: before and after the lessons and on Mondays at 20.05 - 20.45 hours (= so-called KIELIKLINIKKA) either in class room 31 at Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukio, Urheilukatu 10 – 12, 00250 Helsinki (except NOT during the exam weeks) or online on Google Meet at the following link: meet.google.com/her-rxva-umj
Book: Elina Karapalo – Paula Keltto – Mark Kilmer – Päivi Kuusivaara – Teijo Päkkilä –Annukka Suonio: New Insights Module 6 (Otava)
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE COURSE:
On course 6 we are focusing on three main themes: future, studying and working. In grammar and structures we shall deal with some important structures such as ADJECTIVES, and ADVERBS, REPORTED SPEECH, and PREPOSITIONS.
We shall meet 11 (eleven) times Tuesdays and Thursdays at 18.40 – 20.00 hours in class room 31 or online on Google Meet at the following link: meet.google.com/her-rxva-umj as follows:
STUDY PLAN:
- August 26, 2025: Introduction to the course // Home Assignments: Curriculum Vitae & Personal Statement p. 142 – 145 // Text 2 You’ve got mail p. 11 – 14 / ex. 2c p. 16
- August 28, 2025: ex. 2d p. 17 / ex. 2e & 1f p. 18 – 19 / ex. 2j p. 23 // GRAMMAR: ADJECTIVES p. 154 – 160 / ex. 2 & 3 p. 161
- September 2, 2025: ex. 5 p. 162; ex. 6 & 7 p. 163 - 164 // GRAMMAR: ADVERBS p. 166 – 169
- September 4, 2025: ex. 10 & 11 p. 143; ex. 12 p. 144 – 145; ex. 13 p. 145 // GRAMMAR: REPORTED SPEECH (STATEMENTS) p. 146 – 150
- September 9, 2025: Glossary: Education p. 36 / ex. A p. 37 // Text 5 We want you! p. 51 - 53
- September 11, 2025: ex. 5b & 5c p. 55 // ex. C p. 38 // Glossary: Working life p. / ex. A, B & C p. 61
- September 16, 2025: GRAMMAR: REPORTED SPEECH (INDIRECT QUESTIONS) p. 176 – 178 // ex. 18 p. 180
- September 18, 2025: ex. 21 p. 182 // COMMANDS, PROHIBITIONS, AND REQUESTS p. 184 / ex. 27 p. 185 // ex. 28 p. 185 // Glossary: Economy p. 112
- September 23, 2025: GRAMMAR: // GRAMMAR: VERBS WITHOUT PREPOSITIONS p. 194 // GRAMMAR: VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS p. 187 – 191 / ex. 31 p. 193 / ex. 34 p. 196 // ex. A, B & C p. 113
- September 25, 2025: GRAMMAR: NOUNS AND PREPOSITIONS p. 197 – 200 / GRAMMAR: ADJECTIVES AND PREPOSITIONS p. 203 - 209
- September 30, 2025: ex. 38 p. 202 // ex. 41 &; 42 p. 212 // Repetitia
HOME ASSIGNMENTS:
- CV (CURRICULUM VITAE) in English / DEADLINE: on September 25th, 2025 / Before you do anything, have a close look at pages 142 - 143!
- PERSONAL STATEMENT (200 – 300 words) (= exercise 1 / STEP 1, page 145) DEADLINE: on September 25th, 2025 / Before you do anything, have a close look at pages 144 - 145!
DIGITAL EXAM at 17.00 – 21.00 hours on Monday, October 6th, 2025:
The exam consists of the following parts:
- a) LC / listening comprehension
- b) RC / reading comprehension
- c) MC / multiple choice
- d) Grammar: 1) adjectives, 2) adverbs, 3) reported speech, 4) verbs without prepositions, 5) verbs with prepositions, 6) nouns with prepositions, 7) adjectives with prepositions
- e) Translations and vocabulary on the texts that we have dealt with during the course
- f) Composition of 700 – 1,300 characters
THE GRADE ON COURSE 6 CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING:
- Written digital exam with the listening parts at 17.00 – 21.00 hours on Monday,
October 6th, 2025
- Home Assignments (+)
- Activity during the lessons (+)
You will have your exams back on e-mail, but I shall be available for questions in person in Class Room 31 or digitally at 16.00 – 18.00 on Friday, October 10th, 2025.
RETAKE EXAM:
at 17.00 – 20.05 hours on Friday, on October 31st, 2025 = UUSINTAKOE, johon on ehdottomasti ILMOITTAUDUTTAVA ETUKÄTEEN kansliasta saatavalla vaaleansinisellä lomakkeella viimeistään VIIKKOA ENNEN KOETTA eli perjantaina 24.10.2025. Uusintakoelomakkeesta on myös olemassa sähköinen lomake. Nettisivuilla on pdf, jonka voi suoraan täyttää ja lähettää liitetiedostona kansliaan. Lomake löytyy täältä: https://www.tyk.fi/aikuislukio/tietoa/lomakkeet/
Opettajan tervehdys
Olen Erja Haaksluoto ja opetan englantia Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukiossa. Olen valmistunut Helsingin yliopistosta ja ollut Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukiossa syyskuusta 1989 lähtien. Rakastan oopperaa, balettia, klassista musiikkia, konsertteja, kirjallisuutta, runoutta, teatteria, museoita, taidenäyttelyjä - siis kulttuuria - ja kieliä. Rakastan myös opettamista. Olet lämpimästi ja sydämellisesti tervetullut tälle englannin kurssille.
August 26th, 2025
HW: ex. 2b p. 16, ex. 2c p. 16, ex. 2d p. 17, ex. 2e p. 18, ex. 2g p. 20-21,
the Ivy League:
Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Brown, Cornell, Dartmouth, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton
mow the lawn = cut the grass
a lawn mower = ruohonleikkuri
a dorm = a dormitory = makuusali
the Ivy League:
Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Brown, Cornell, Dartmouth, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton
mow the lawn = cut the grass
a lawn mower = ruohonleikkuri
a dorm = a dormitory = makuusali
August 28th, 2025
HW: ex. 2 p. 161, ex. 3 p. 161, ex. 5 & 6 p. 163, ex. 7 p. 164
intimidate (v.) = pelotella
intimidating (adj.) = pelottava
(to) be about to do s-g = olla tekemäisillään jtkn
The test is about to begin. Listen straight through.
sign up for classes / courses = register for classes / courses = ilmoittautua kursseille
enrol on a course = ilmoittautua kurssille
intimidate (v.) = pelotella
intimidating (adj.) = pelottava
(to) be about to do s-g = olla tekemäisillään jtkn
The test is about to begin. Listen straight through.
sign up for classes / courses = register for classes / courses = ilmoittautua kursseille
enrol on a course = ilmoittautua kurssille
August 28th, 2025
2b Which sentence is in keeping with the text?
1. b, 2. a, 3. a, 4. b, 5. a, 6. a, 7. b, 8. b, 9. b, 10. b
exercise 2c
1. it must have looked pretty weird
2. far more terrifying
3. our neighbour across the street
4. that's what I had been told by family members
5. obligated to say such things
6. wasn't good enough for Harvard
7. after carefully reviewing your application
8. in the event that
9. a life or death situation
10. a safe distance away from oncoming traffic
11. all my hard work had actually paid off
12. in typical Harvard fashion
13. they were too busy cheering
14. giggling with delight while reading it
15. turned the page
exercise 2d Fill in according to the clues. Use the previous exercise for help.
A few years ago, I learned that sometimes it 1. pays off to ask for help. It was time to write my college application essays but I was afraid 2. I wasn’t smart enough and wouldn’t stand out from the crowd. My high school teachers said I was a bright student, but they were just 3. obligated to say so. Finally, my mother told me to ask Mr Fuller from 4. across the street to 5. review my application. He was a retired English Professor but he was very intimidating. However, the thought of not getting into college was 6. far more terrifying/frightening/scary, so I decided to go over to his house. This was 7. a life or death situation / a matter of life or death, after all. I reminded my mum that my funeral song choice was “Another one bites the dust” (8. in the event that / in case I wouldn’t make it back.) Mr Fuller opened the door and stared at me 9. in his typical grim fashion/manner/way. I explained my situation and he agreed to go through my application. He wasn’t exactly 10. laughing with joy/delight when he read my essay, but he wasn’t cringing with embarrassment either. In the end, I got some useful advice and eventually I got into the college I had hoped to get into.
exercise 2e Translate the questions into English. Then take turns answering them with your partner.
1. Do you already know which institutions of further study you'd be interested in applying to? Which ones and why?
2. In your view/opinion, what are the characteristics of a strong applicant?
3. Would a failure to get / not getting accepted make you more determined or hesitant/doubtful about your career choice? Why?
4. What kind of advice would you give to an unsuccessful applicant who is about to abandon / give up their career plans?
5. Would your world collapse or would you remain cheerful and enthusiastic if your friends got accepted and you didn't?
6. Is acceptance always a positive thing and a rejection a negative one? Explain your views.
1. b, 2. a, 3. a, 4. b, 5. a, 6. a, 7. b, 8. b, 9. b, 10. b
exercise 2c
1. it must have looked pretty weird
2. far more terrifying
3. our neighbour across the street
4. that's what I had been told by family members
5. obligated to say such things
6. wasn't good enough for Harvard
7. after carefully reviewing your application
8. in the event that
9. a life or death situation
10. a safe distance away from oncoming traffic
11. all my hard work had actually paid off
12. in typical Harvard fashion
13. they were too busy cheering
14. giggling with delight while reading it
15. turned the page
exercise 2d Fill in according to the clues. Use the previous exercise for help.
A few years ago, I learned that sometimes it 1. pays off to ask for help. It was time to write my college application essays but I was afraid 2. I wasn’t smart enough and wouldn’t stand out from the crowd. My high school teachers said I was a bright student, but they were just 3. obligated to say so. Finally, my mother told me to ask Mr Fuller from 4. across the street to 5. review my application. He was a retired English Professor but he was very intimidating. However, the thought of not getting into college was 6. far more terrifying/frightening/scary, so I decided to go over to his house. This was 7. a life or death situation / a matter of life or death, after all. I reminded my mum that my funeral song choice was “Another one bites the dust” (8. in the event that / in case I wouldn’t make it back.) Mr Fuller opened the door and stared at me 9. in his typical grim fashion/manner/way. I explained my situation and he agreed to go through my application. He wasn’t exactly 10. laughing with joy/delight when he read my essay, but he wasn’t cringing with embarrassment either. In the end, I got some useful advice and eventually I got into the college I had hoped to get into.
exercise 2e Translate the questions into English. Then take turns answering them with your partner.
1. Do you already know which institutions of further study you'd be interested in applying to? Which ones and why?
2. In your view/opinion, what are the characteristics of a strong applicant?
3. Would a failure to get / not getting accepted make you more determined or hesitant/doubtful about your career choice? Why?
4. What kind of advice would you give to an unsuccessful applicant who is about to abandon / give up their career plans?
5. Would your world collapse or would you remain cheerful and enthusiastic if your friends got accepted and you didn't?
6. Is acceptance always a positive thing and a rejection a negative one? Explain your views.
September 2nd, 2025
HW: ex. 9 p. 170, ex. 10 p. 170, ex. 11 p. 171
ADVERBS:
slow: slowly, more slowly, most slowly
I walk slowly. = hitaasti
I walk more slowly than you. = hitaammin kuin
I walk most slowly of all. = hitaimmin
beautiful: beautifully = kauniisti
Soile Isokoski sings beautifully.
She sings more beautifully than anyone else. = kauniimmin kuin kukaan muu
Who sings most beautifully? = kauneimmin
Once upon a time...
And they lived happily ever after.
"Simply the best..."
Truly yours,
-ic-loppuisiin adjektiiveihin tulee -ally-pääte:
automatically
energetically
basically
NB! public
publicly = in public = julkisesti
NB! seuraavat sanat ovat -ly-päätteisiä adjektiiveja:
lively = eloisa
lovely = ihana
silly = hupsu
friendly = kind = ystävällinen
She smiled at me in a friendly way / manner / fashion.
She spoke in a lively way / manner / fashion.
Päivi smiled at us in a lovely way / manner / fashion.
He behaved in a silly way / manner / fashion.
well-known, better-known, the best-known
by far = kaikkein
... of all = kaikkein
He is by far the most intelligent person I have known.
He is the most intelligent person of all.
alone: He lives alone in the middle of nowhere.
asleep: I fell asleep.
afraid: Are you afraid of death?
ashamed: I was ashamed of my bad behaviour.
ajar: The door was ajar.
alive: They found him alive.
The Sleeping Beauty = Prinsessa Ruusunen
My daughter is eight (years old).
My eight-year-old daughter is at school. = kahdeksan-vuotias
Akseli caught a fish that weighed five kilos.
This five-kilo fish is the biggest catch I have ever caught. = viisi-kiloinen
good old England = vanha kunnon Englanti
as: She is as tall as her sister.
She is taller than her sister.
long, longer, the longest
big, bigger, the biggest
happy, happier , the happiest
polite, politer, the politest
polite, more polite, the politest
interesting, more interesting, the most interesting
tired, more tired, the most tired
yhä:
I became more and more tired.
She is becoming / getting more and more beautiful.
good, better, the best
bad, worse, the worst
The sooner, the better. = Mitä pikemmin, sitä parempi.
The older I grow, the wiser I become.
I hope that his latest book won't be his last book. Toivon, ettei hänen viimeisin kirjansa ole hänen viimeinen kirjansa.
different to / from / than s-g = erilainen kuin ...
similar to s-g = samanlainen kuin ...
These dresses are similar to each other.
Twins are often similar to one another.
the same as = sama kuin
His behaviour is the same as mine.
superior to s-g = parempi kuin ...
He used to think that he is superior to the rest of us.
inferior to s-g = huonompi kuin ...
He used to feel inferior to us.
far, farther / further, the farthest / the furthest
Enontekiö is farther than Rovaniemi.
What is the farthest city in the world?
For further information, please, go to the office.
further education
ADVERBS:
slow: slowly, more slowly, most slowly
I walk slowly. = hitaasti
I walk more slowly than you. = hitaammin kuin
I walk most slowly of all. = hitaimmin
beautiful: beautifully = kauniisti
Soile Isokoski sings beautifully.
She sings more beautifully than anyone else. = kauniimmin kuin kukaan muu
Who sings most beautifully? = kauneimmin
Once upon a time...
And they lived happily ever after.
"Simply the best..."
Truly yours,
-ic-loppuisiin adjektiiveihin tulee -ally-pääte:
automatically
energetically
basically
NB! public
publicly = in public = julkisesti
NB! seuraavat sanat ovat -ly-päätteisiä adjektiiveja:
lively = eloisa
lovely = ihana
silly = hupsu
friendly = kind = ystävällinen
She smiled at me in a friendly way / manner / fashion.
She spoke in a lively way / manner / fashion.
Päivi smiled at us in a lovely way / manner / fashion.
He behaved in a silly way / manner / fashion.
well-known, better-known, the best-known
by far = kaikkein
... of all = kaikkein
He is by far the most intelligent person I have known.
He is the most intelligent person of all.
alone: He lives alone in the middle of nowhere.
asleep: I fell asleep.
afraid: Are you afraid of death?
ashamed: I was ashamed of my bad behaviour.
ajar: The door was ajar.
alive: They found him alive.
The Sleeping Beauty = Prinsessa Ruusunen
My daughter is eight (years old).
My eight-year-old daughter is at school. = kahdeksan-vuotias
Akseli caught a fish that weighed five kilos.
This five-kilo fish is the biggest catch I have ever caught. = viisi-kiloinen
good old England = vanha kunnon Englanti
as: She is as tall as her sister.
She is taller than her sister.
long, longer, the longest
big, bigger, the biggest
happy, happier , the happiest
polite, politer, the politest
polite, more polite, the politest
interesting, more interesting, the most interesting
tired, more tired, the most tired
yhä:
I became more and more tired.
She is becoming / getting more and more beautiful.
good, better, the best
bad, worse, the worst
The sooner, the better. = Mitä pikemmin, sitä parempi.
The older I grow, the wiser I become.
I hope that his latest book won't be his last book. Toivon, ettei hänen viimeisin kirjansa ole hänen viimeinen kirjansa.
different to / from / than s-g = erilainen kuin ...
similar to s-g = samanlainen kuin ...
These dresses are similar to each other.
Twins are often similar to one another.
the same as = sama kuin
His behaviour is the same as mine.
superior to s-g = parempi kuin ...
He used to think that he is superior to the rest of us.
inferior to s-g = huonompi kuin ...
He used to feel inferior to us.
far, farther / further, the farthest / the furthest
Enontekiö is farther than Rovaniemi.
What is the farthest city in the world?
For further information, please, go to the office.
further education
Teksti
exercise 2 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. This is the best summer job (that) I have ever had.
2. The salary/pay is better than last summer.
3. The work days / working days are longer than before.
4. My work is more interesting than I thought.
5. My colleagues are also the most helpful people (that) I know.
6. My job sounds worse than yours.
7. At least the salary/pay is smaller/lower.
8. The days seem longer than at school.
9. Even the teachers are more understanding than my boss.
10. Luckily my colleagues are also the greatest / the most amazing (that) I have ever had.
exercise 3 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. My car is as good as yours.
2. But it’s not as good as my old car.
3. John thinks (that) he is better than everyone else.
4. I get / am getting much / a lot better/higher grades/marks than last year even though / although / though the modules are a bit / a little harder / more difficult.
5. The more I sleep, the more tired I am.
6. Especially in the fall/autumn when (the) days get shorter and shorter.
7. This year has been even rainier / more rainy than last year.
8. Have you seen the latest Star Wars film?
9. Is it different from/than/to the first (one)?
10. I think it’s too similar to the first (one).
11. I have the same dress as you. Luckily I didn’t put it on today.
12. I hate people who think that they are superior to others.
13. They try to make everyone/everybody else feel inferior to them.
14. The more/further I study, the more interesting everything gets.
exercise 5 Fill in. Use each word only once.
1. That was such a sick joke that I was physically ill afterwards.
2. I’m so afraid of scary movies.
3. I’m so glad to hear such happy news!
4. Judy says she is not a lonely person even though she lives alone.
5. You really should let sleeping dogs stay asleep.
6. Tina is living proof of what it is like when you are really alive.
exercise 6 Fill in according to the clues.
1. My baby sister is five years old, but I also have a twenty-year-old brother.
2. The news said that every young person / every teenager spends an astounding number of hours per day online.
3. Are you afraid of the unknown?
4. That’s it! You’re grounded for the next / the following three weeks.
5. Do you think young people / the young are more open-minded than old people / the old?
6. There are more 90-year-olds now than ever before.
7. Good old Peter. You can always trust him to take care of all the silly little details.
8. The past few weeks / The last couple of weeks have been the best weeks of my life.
9. My grandmother lived in that little red cottage up on the hill.
exercise 7 Fill in.
I'm studying at 1. one of the best universities in London. It has 2. enormous/huge/massive stone buildings. It has all the facilities a good college should have, including 3. well-furnished classrooms and laboratories, and even our library is 4. better than / superior to that of any other school. Our new librarian is also 5. much / a lot more helpful than the previous one. Our dean is 6. by far the strictest disciplinarian there is, but I don’t think he is 7. as scary/frightening as some of the students say. However, if anyone violates the rules, they get punished. 8. “The more active you are in your studies, 9. the more versatile your future options will be”, he says. At our university, special attention is paid to behaviour and punctuality. 10. The best-behaved and 11. (the) most punctual student is awarded a prize every year. My university is very 12. similar to my dad’s school, except his was an all-boys school. My dad says getting a good education is becoming 13. more and more valuable/worthwhile in the modern world. But he also says it is 14. even more vital/crucial to do what really makes me happy.
1. This is the best summer job (that) I have ever had.
2. The salary/pay is better than last summer.
3. The work days / working days are longer than before.
4. My work is more interesting than I thought.
5. My colleagues are also the most helpful people (that) I know.
6. My job sounds worse than yours.
7. At least the salary/pay is smaller/lower.
8. The days seem longer than at school.
9. Even the teachers are more understanding than my boss.
10. Luckily my colleagues are also the greatest / the most amazing (that) I have ever had.
exercise 3 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. My car is as good as yours.
2. But it’s not as good as my old car.
3. John thinks (that) he is better than everyone else.
4. I get / am getting much / a lot better/higher grades/marks than last year even though / although / though the modules are a bit / a little harder / more difficult.
5. The more I sleep, the more tired I am.
6. Especially in the fall/autumn when (the) days get shorter and shorter.
7. This year has been even rainier / more rainy than last year.
8. Have you seen the latest Star Wars film?
9. Is it different from/than/to the first (one)?
10. I think it’s too similar to the first (one).
11. I have the same dress as you. Luckily I didn’t put it on today.
12. I hate people who think that they are superior to others.
13. They try to make everyone/everybody else feel inferior to them.
14. The more/further I study, the more interesting everything gets.
exercise 5 Fill in. Use each word only once.
1. That was such a sick joke that I was physically ill afterwards.
2. I’m so afraid of scary movies.
3. I’m so glad to hear such happy news!
4. Judy says she is not a lonely person even though she lives alone.
5. You really should let sleeping dogs stay asleep.
6. Tina is living proof of what it is like when you are really alive.
exercise 6 Fill in according to the clues.
1. My baby sister is five years old, but I also have a twenty-year-old brother.
2. The news said that every young person / every teenager spends an astounding number of hours per day online.
3. Are you afraid of the unknown?
4. That’s it! You’re grounded for the next / the following three weeks.
5. Do you think young people / the young are more open-minded than old people / the old?
6. There are more 90-year-olds now than ever before.
7. Good old Peter. You can always trust him to take care of all the silly little details.
8. The past few weeks / The last couple of weeks have been the best weeks of my life.
9. My grandmother lived in that little red cottage up on the hill.
exercise 7 Fill in.
I'm studying at 1. one of the best universities in London. It has 2. enormous/huge/massive stone buildings. It has all the facilities a good college should have, including 3. well-furnished classrooms and laboratories, and even our library is 4. better than / superior to that of any other school. Our new librarian is also 5. much / a lot more helpful than the previous one. Our dean is 6. by far the strictest disciplinarian there is, but I don’t think he is 7. as scary/frightening as some of the students say. However, if anyone violates the rules, they get punished. 8. “The more active you are in your studies, 9. the more versatile your future options will be”, he says. At our university, special attention is paid to behaviour and punctuality. 10. The best-behaved and 11. (the) most punctual student is awarded a prize every year. My university is very 12. similar to my dad’s school, except his was an all-boys school. My dad says getting a good education is becoming 13. more and more valuable/worthwhile in the modern world. But he also says it is 14. even more vital/crucial to do what really makes me happy.
September 4th, 2025
exercise 9 Work with a partner and change the adjectives into adverbs.
1. carefully
2. gently
3. happily
4. dramatically
5. in a friendly way/manner
6. hard
7. possibly
8. well
9. wholly
10. funnily
11. early
12. automatically
13. publicly / in public
14. beautifully
15. badly
16. briefly
17. shyly
18. straight
19. duly
20. late
exercise 10 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. They lived happily ever after.
2. Peter works very hard and still always smiles kindly / in a friendly way/manne
3. I’ll be/come home shortly/soon.
4. Briefly explain to me what happened. / Explain to me briefly what happened.
5. Do you always sleep this late?
6. I’ve woken up before seven every morning lately/recently.
7. I hate to sing in public/publicly.
8. The car was slipping / slipped sideways on the road.
9. Do you think it is important to be highly educated?
10. The movie/film last night was totally/really amazing.
11. I’m a bit late as usual.
12. This test/exam was surprisingly easy!
exercise 11 Fill in the adjectives and adverbs.
1. Tom is a hard worker. He works hard. He hardly ever takes any breaks.
. Sue is a careful girl. She climbed up the ladder carefully.
3. The dog sounds angry. It's barking angrily.
4. He performed excellently. He's an excellent actor.
5. They're learning English easily. They think English is an easy language.
6. Max is a good guitarist. He plays well.
7. It's awfully cold today. The cold winter is awful.
8. Dogs can rely on their noses since they can smell extremely well.
9. The boy looked friendly. I went over to talk to him and he looked at me in a friendly way/manner.
10. I only saw him briefly. It was a brief conversation.
exercise 12 Fill in according to the Finnish clues. Check your answers by listening to the stories.
Have you ever wondered what 1. the worst job interview would be like? How would you react if you experienced something 2. as strange/weird/bizarre/odd as the following examples? “I was interviewing for a job that sounded 3. more suitable than any job I had ever applied for. During the 4. two-hour interview, I realised that couldn’t have been 5. further from the truth. Towards the end the questions were getting 6. more and more confusing. At the end of the 7. awkwardly long interview, the interviewer 8. apologetically told me that even though I was 9. perfectly qualified for the job, they had already decided to hire somebody else. Having already scheduled the interview on her schedule, she said she didn’t want her time to go to waste. I guess my time was so much 10. less important, it didn’t matter.” “In my early twenties I had an interview at 11. one of the best-known department stores. Wanting to make a long-lasting first impression, I decided to focus on every detail. So I wore my best skirt even though I had gained a few pounds since buying it. I was 12. well-prepared to answer every question 13. briefly but informatively enough, and I was convinced they would hire me. The personnel manager greeted me 14. in a friendly way/manner/fashion and my confidence grew 15. greater and greater as I walked in front of him towards his office. Once at the office he looked 16. strangely uncomfortable. Before I managed to say a word, he suggested that I would go to the ladies room to check on my skirt. To my horror, the mirror in the ladies room revealed a huge tear in my skirt. My face turned 17. as red as the underwear that was showing. I was 18. way/much/far too embarrassed to return to the office having been showing off my underwear 19. in public / publicly. In addition to not getting the job, I decided it was 20. best to do my shopping in another store in the future as well.”
1. carefully
2. gently
3. happily
4. dramatically
5. in a friendly way/manner
6. hard
7. possibly
8. well
9. wholly
10. funnily
11. early
12. automatically
13. publicly / in public
14. beautifully
15. badly
16. briefly
17. shyly
18. straight
19. duly
20. late
exercise 10 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. They lived happily ever after.
2. Peter works very hard and still always smiles kindly / in a friendly way/manne
3. I’ll be/come home shortly/soon.
4. Briefly explain to me what happened. / Explain to me briefly what happened.
5. Do you always sleep this late?
6. I’ve woken up before seven every morning lately/recently.
7. I hate to sing in public/publicly.
8. The car was slipping / slipped sideways on the road.
9. Do you think it is important to be highly educated?
10. The movie/film last night was totally/really amazing.
11. I’m a bit late as usual.
12. This test/exam was surprisingly easy!
exercise 11 Fill in the adjectives and adverbs.
1. Tom is a hard worker. He works hard. He hardly ever takes any breaks.
. Sue is a careful girl. She climbed up the ladder carefully.
3. The dog sounds angry. It's barking angrily.
4. He performed excellently. He's an excellent actor.
5. They're learning English easily. They think English is an easy language.
6. Max is a good guitarist. He plays well.
7. It's awfully cold today. The cold winter is awful.
8. Dogs can rely on their noses since they can smell extremely well.
9. The boy looked friendly. I went over to talk to him and he looked at me in a friendly way/manner.
10. I only saw him briefly. It was a brief conversation.
exercise 12 Fill in according to the Finnish clues. Check your answers by listening to the stories.
Have you ever wondered what 1. the worst job interview would be like? How would you react if you experienced something 2. as strange/weird/bizarre/odd as the following examples? “I was interviewing for a job that sounded 3. more suitable than any job I had ever applied for. During the 4. two-hour interview, I realised that couldn’t have been 5. further from the truth. Towards the end the questions were getting 6. more and more confusing. At the end of the 7. awkwardly long interview, the interviewer 8. apologetically told me that even though I was 9. perfectly qualified for the job, they had already decided to hire somebody else. Having already scheduled the interview on her schedule, she said she didn’t want her time to go to waste. I guess my time was so much 10. less important, it didn’t matter.” “In my early twenties I had an interview at 11. one of the best-known department stores. Wanting to make a long-lasting first impression, I decided to focus on every detail. So I wore my best skirt even though I had gained a few pounds since buying it. I was 12. well-prepared to answer every question 13. briefly but informatively enough, and I was convinced they would hire me. The personnel manager greeted me 14. in a friendly way/manner/fashion and my confidence grew 15. greater and greater as I walked in front of him towards his office. Once at the office he looked 16. strangely uncomfortable. Before I managed to say a word, he suggested that I would go to the ladies room to check on my skirt. To my horror, the mirror in the ladies room revealed a huge tear in my skirt. My face turned 17. as red as the underwear that was showing. I was 18. way/much/far too embarrassed to return to the office having been showing off my underwear 19. in public / publicly. In addition to not getting the job, I decided it was 20. best to do my shopping in another store in the future as well.”
September 4th, 2025
HW: ex. 15 & 16 p. 179
REPORTED SPEECH (EPÄSUORA ESITYS):
Kun lainataan toisen ihmisen sanoja:
A) STATEMENTS (VÄITELAUSEET)
1. "I'm sick today."
a) Mary tells me (that) she is sick today.
Mary tells me on johtolause. Pronomini muuttuu, mutta aikamuodot eivät muutu.
b) Mary told me (that) she was sick that day.
aikamuoto muuttuu imperfektiksi, koska johtolauseen verbi on imperfektissä
today muuttuu that day
2. "I have often been sick lately."
a) Mary goes on telling me (that) she has often been sick lately.
b) Mary went on telling me (that) she had often been sick lately.
Suoran esityksen perfekti muuttuu pluskvamperfektiksi, koska johtolauseen verbi oli imperfektissä.
3. "I will call you tomorrow."
a) She promises to me (that) she will call me tomorrow.
b) She promised to me (that) she would call me the following day / the next day.
Futuuri muuttuu konditionaaliksi, koska johtolause on imperfektissä.
tomorrow muuttuu the following day / the next day
REPORTED SPEECH (EPÄSUORA ESITYS):
Kun lainataan toisen ihmisen sanoja:
A) STATEMENTS (VÄITELAUSEET)
1. "I'm sick today."
a) Mary tells me (that) she is sick today.
Mary tells me on johtolause. Pronomini muuttuu, mutta aikamuodot eivät muutu.
b) Mary told me (that) she was sick that day.
aikamuoto muuttuu imperfektiksi, koska johtolauseen verbi on imperfektissä
today muuttuu that day
2. "I have often been sick lately."
a) Mary goes on telling me (that) she has often been sick lately.
b) Mary went on telling me (that) she had often been sick lately.
Suoran esityksen perfekti muuttuu pluskvamperfektiksi, koska johtolauseen verbi oli imperfektissä.
3. "I will call you tomorrow."
a) She promises to me (that) she will call me tomorrow.
b) She promised to me (that) she would call me the following day / the next day.
Futuuri muuttuu konditionaaliksi, koska johtolause on imperfektissä.
tomorrow muuttuu the following day / the next day
September 9th, 2025
HW: ex. 18 p. 180, ex. 20 p. 182; ex. 21 p. 182; exercises on working life A & B p. 61
B) INDIRECT QUESTIONS
a) kysymyssanalla alkavat (what, why, when, how, who, which)
b) ilman kysymyssanaa
a) kysymyssanalla alkavat kysymykset
"Who are you?"
a) I wonder who you are.
SUORA SANAJÄRJESTYS: SUBJEKTI ENSIN (you) JA VASTA SITTEN PREDIKAATTI (are)
ei kysymysmerkkiä loppuun, jos johtolause (I wonder) ei ole kysyvä
b) I wondered who you were.
" Why did you say so?"
a) I want to know why you said so.
b) I wanted to know why you had said so.
"How long will you stay in New York City?"
a) I wonder how long you will stay in New York City.
b) I wondered how long you would stay in New York City.
b) kysymykset ilman kysymyssanaa
"Are you happy?"
a) I wonder if you are happy.
b) I wondered if you were happy.
kun kysymyssana puuttuu, lisätään sana IF (vastaa suomen kielen -ko / -kö -liitepartilkkelia
kirjallisessa kielessä IF = WHETHER (ei sama sana kuin weather = sää)
whether-sanaa käytetään, kun annetaan selvä vaihtoehto
"Are you coming to school on Monday or on Tuesday?"
a) I want to know whether you are coming to school on Monday or on Tuesday.
b) I wanted to know whether you were coming to school on Mon day or on Tuesday.
"Have you ever been to Los Angeles?"
a) Matti asks me if I have ever been to Los Angeles.
b) Matti asked me if I had ever been to Los Angeles.
"Will you come here next week?"
a) Matti asks me if I will come here next week.
b) Matti asked me if I would come there the next week.
B) INDIRECT QUESTIONS
a) kysymyssanalla alkavat (what, why, when, how, who, which)
b) ilman kysymyssanaa
a) kysymyssanalla alkavat kysymykset
"Who are you?"
a) I wonder who you are.
SUORA SANAJÄRJESTYS: SUBJEKTI ENSIN (you) JA VASTA SITTEN PREDIKAATTI (are)
ei kysymysmerkkiä loppuun, jos johtolause (I wonder) ei ole kysyvä
b) I wondered who you were.
" Why did you say so?"
a) I want to know why you said so.
b) I wanted to know why you had said so.
"How long will you stay in New York City?"
a) I wonder how long you will stay in New York City.
b) I wondered how long you would stay in New York City.
b) kysymykset ilman kysymyssanaa
"Are you happy?"
a) I wonder if you are happy.
b) I wondered if you were happy.
kun kysymyssana puuttuu, lisätään sana IF (vastaa suomen kielen -ko / -kö -liitepartilkkelia
kirjallisessa kielessä IF = WHETHER (ei sama sana kuin weather = sää)
whether-sanaa käytetään, kun annetaan selvä vaihtoehto
"Are you coming to school on Monday or on Tuesday?"
a) I want to know whether you are coming to school on Monday or on Tuesday.
b) I wanted to know whether you were coming to school on Mon day or on Tuesday.
"Have you ever been to Los Angeles?"
a) Matti asks me if I have ever been to Los Angeles.
b) Matti asked me if I had ever been to Los Angeles.
"Will you come here next week?"
a) Matti asks me if I will come here next week.
b) Matti asked me if I would come there the next week.
Teksti
exercise 15 Turn the direct quotes into reported speech. Remember to change tenses. Your partner checks
1. My neighbour said (that) he had the perfect daught
2. He told me (that) she didn't smoke.
3. He also added (that) she never drank beer.
4. He told me (that) she had never stayed out late at weekends.
5. He boasted (that) she was always at home.
6. I exclaimed (that) he had to be kidding.
7. I praised him saying (that) he had really brought up the perfect daughter.
8. He concluded by saying (that) she would be six months soon.
exercise 16 Turn the direct quotes into reported speech. Remember to change tenses. You are the new star of a cookery show. Your partner checks.
1. The director complained (that) he/she was hungry.
2. The director added (that) they were all starving.
3. The producer admitted (that) he/she didn't like that/the cookery show.
4. The prop stylist stated (that) they/you couldn't expect good food there.
5. The photographer said (that) they would ask catering to take care of them.
6. The prop stylist told me (that) I wasn't a great cook.
7. The location scout added (that) he/she had never seen such a helpless case.
8. The wardrobe stylist commented (that) I couldn't even boil water.
9. The producer shouted (that) he/she was going to suggest that they change chefs the next/following day.
10. The photographer said (that) I might not be too pleased with that scenario.
11. The makeup artist told me (that) I didn't have to feel awful.
12. I reminded the crew (that) I (had) only started on that show the day before / the previous day.
13. I promised the crew (that) they would all get better free food the next/following day.
14. I pointed out (that) their expectations were too high and their stomachs too big.
15. I promised the crew (that) they were all going to have a slap-up meal with their new star chef there on set.
16. I claimed (that) they might not be as unhappy with my cooking the next/following day.
1. My neighbour said (that) he had the perfect daught
2. He told me (that) she didn't smoke.
3. He also added (that) she never drank beer.
4. He told me (that) she had never stayed out late at weekends.
5. He boasted (that) she was always at home.
6. I exclaimed (that) he had to be kidding.
7. I praised him saying (that) he had really brought up the perfect daughter.
8. He concluded by saying (that) she would be six months soon.
exercise 16 Turn the direct quotes into reported speech. Remember to change tenses. You are the new star of a cookery show. Your partner checks.
1. The director complained (that) he/she was hungry.
2. The director added (that) they were all starving.
3. The producer admitted (that) he/she didn't like that/the cookery show.
4. The prop stylist stated (that) they/you couldn't expect good food there.
5. The photographer said (that) they would ask catering to take care of them.
6. The prop stylist told me (that) I wasn't a great cook.
7. The location scout added (that) he/she had never seen such a helpless case.
8. The wardrobe stylist commented (that) I couldn't even boil water.
9. The producer shouted (that) he/she was going to suggest that they change chefs the next/following day.
10. The photographer said (that) I might not be too pleased with that scenario.
11. The makeup artist told me (that) I didn't have to feel awful.
12. I reminded the crew (that) I (had) only started on that show the day before / the previous day.
13. I promised the crew (that) they would all get better free food the next/following day.
14. I pointed out (that) their expectations were too high and their stomachs too big.
15. I promised the crew (that) they were all going to have a slap-up meal with their new star chef there on set.
16. I claimed (that) they might not be as unhappy with my cooking the next/following day.
September 11th, 2025
HW: ex. 24 p. 183; ex. 27 p. 185; ex. 5b, 5c & 5d p. 55 - 56, ex. 5g p. 57
September 11th, 2025
C) KÄSKYT & KIELLOT & PYYNNÖT
"Go home."
The teacher told us to go home.
objekti + infinitiivi
"Don't go home."
The teacher told us NOT to go home.
Hamlet: (IV solilogy) "To be or not to be ..."
"Don't swim tool far."
Mom warned her children not to swim too far.
"Go home."
The teacher told us to go home.
objekti + infinitiivi
"Don't go home."
The teacher told us NOT to go home.
Hamlet: (IV solilogy) "To be or not to be ..."
"Don't swim tool far."
Mom warned her children not to swim too far.
September 11th, 2025
exercise A p. 61
Replace the emboldened words with synonyms given in the glossary.
1. My aunt quit her job in January and has been seeking employment ever since.
2. Many restaurants and hotels seem to be interested in finding more staff these days.
3. Is it a good perk to get free lunches at the restaurant where you work?
4. Is the nearby cafe recruiting new members of staff at the moment?
5. It’s owned by a self-employed person who works all hours.
6. Will you never rest if you run a company?
Example answer:
1. My aunt resigned in January and has been applying for a job / has been looking for work ever since.
2. Many restaurants and hotels seem to be interested in finding more personnel these days.
3. Is it a good fringe benefit to get free lunches at the restaurant where you work?
4. Is the nearby cafe hiring/employing new employees/workers at the moment?
5. It's owned by an entrepreneur who works all hours.
6. Will you never rest if you run a business / an enterprise?
Teksti
exercise B p. 61
Fill in the blanks. The ends of the words have been given.
When choosing an 1. occupation, the first thing to come to mind probably isn’t the 2. retirement age. Regardless of your career 3. prospects and even chances of getting a 4. promotion, the fact is that you need money to hang your hat early and become an old age 5. pensioner. The higher your 6. salary, the easier it should be to save some money while still in
7. working life. 8. Qualified / Skilled physicians, surgeons and orthodontists tend to earn nicely. As far as people outside the medical 9. professions / occupations are concerned, there are also 10. entrepreneurs who manage to retire early. This is worth considering if you are looking for an 11. apprenticeship and choosing firms to gain experience. Who knows, you might set up your own successful 12. company one of these days.
7. working life. 8. Qualified / Skilled physicians, surgeons and orthodontists tend to earn nicely. As far as people outside the medical 9. professions / occupations are concerned, there are also 10. entrepreneurs who manage to retire early. This is worth considering if you are looking for an 11. apprenticeship and choosing firms to gain experience. Who knows, you might set up your own successful 12. company one of these days.
Teksti
exercise 18 Turn the direct quotes into reported speech.
1. Grandma, it says here in the paper (that) the new Prime Minister is proud of his government.
2. Your grandson said (that) the unemployment rate had gone down / 'd gone down / 's gone down / has gone down.
3. Your grandson told you (that) Shark Tank wouldn't be / would not be on the next/following day.
4. It says here in the paper (that) the new Miss Finland doesn't like / does not like ice-hockey players.
5. Your grandson said (that) the local fire brigade rescued / had rescued a cat from a tree the previous day / the day before.
6. Your grandson said (that) there was a huge sand storm on Boa Vista and the tourists were trapped.
7. Your grandson told you (that) the price of ice-cream had fallen that week.
8. Your grandson said (that) spring fashion wasn't going to be / isn't going to be / was not going to be / is not going to be all about pastels and floral prints.
exerise 20 Work with a partner. You want to take out a loan at the local bank. Go and ask the following questions. You don’t have to change the tenses in this exercise.
1. I'd like to know what the term of this loan is.
2. Can you tell me what the interest rate is?
3. I'm wondering if/whether the rate is fixed or adjustable.
4. Do you happen to know when the interest rate can be adjusted?
5. I'd like to know how much my monthly payment will be.
6. Have you got any idea how the interest rate will be calculated?
7. I'm not sure if/whether the amount I owe is going to increase over time.
8. Tell me what the qualifications for the loan are.
9. I'd like to know why you recommend this loan to me.
10. I'm wondering if/whether there are other loans that also meet my needs.
11. I can't remember if/whether you said that I would have to make a decision soon.
12. I'm not sure if/whether the loan has to be paid back.
exercise 21 Work with a partner. You go for a job interview and report to your friend what you were asked. Remember to change the tenses as well.
1. First the interviewers asked me if/whether I could tell them a little about myself.
2. Then they wanted to know how I had heard about the vacancy.
3. They also asked me why I wanted that job.
4. They were wondering why they should hire me.
5. I had to tell them what my greatest strengths are/were.
6. Then they needed to know what I consider/considered my weaknesses.
7. They inquired where I saw myself in five years.
8. They wondered what my dream job is/was.
9. They asked me why I was leaving my current job.
10. They wondered how I had dealt with stressful situations in the past.
11. They wanted to know what I like/liked to do in my free time.
12. They asked me if/whether I had any questions for them.
1. Grandma, it says here in the paper (that) the new Prime Minister is proud of his government.
2. Your grandson said (that) the unemployment rate had gone down / 'd gone down / 's gone down / has gone down.
3. Your grandson told you (that) Shark Tank wouldn't be / would not be on the next/following day.
4. It says here in the paper (that) the new Miss Finland doesn't like / does not like ice-hockey players.
5. Your grandson said (that) the local fire brigade rescued / had rescued a cat from a tree the previous day / the day before.
6. Your grandson said (that) there was a huge sand storm on Boa Vista and the tourists were trapped.
7. Your grandson told you (that) the price of ice-cream had fallen that week.
8. Your grandson said (that) spring fashion wasn't going to be / isn't going to be / was not going to be / is not going to be all about pastels and floral prints.
exerise 20 Work with a partner. You want to take out a loan at the local bank. Go and ask the following questions. You don’t have to change the tenses in this exercise.
1. I'd like to know what the term of this loan is.
2. Can you tell me what the interest rate is?
3. I'm wondering if/whether the rate is fixed or adjustable.
4. Do you happen to know when the interest rate can be adjusted?
5. I'd like to know how much my monthly payment will be.
6. Have you got any idea how the interest rate will be calculated?
7. I'm not sure if/whether the amount I owe is going to increase over time.
8. Tell me what the qualifications for the loan are.
9. I'd like to know why you recommend this loan to me.
10. I'm wondering if/whether there are other loans that also meet my needs.
11. I can't remember if/whether you said that I would have to make a decision soon.
12. I'm not sure if/whether the loan has to be paid back.
exercise 21 Work with a partner. You go for a job interview and report to your friend what you were asked. Remember to change the tenses as well.
1. First the interviewers asked me if/whether I could tell them a little about myself.
2. Then they wanted to know how I had heard about the vacancy.
3. They also asked me why I wanted that job.
4. They were wondering why they should hire me.
5. I had to tell them what my greatest strengths are/were.
6. Then they needed to know what I consider/considered my weaknesses.
7. They inquired where I saw myself in five years.
8. They wondered what my dream job is/was.
9. They asked me why I was leaving my current job.
10. They wondered how I had dealt with stressful situations in the past.
11. They wanted to know what I like/liked to do in my free time.
12. They asked me if/whether I had any questions for them.
September 16th, 2025
HW: ex. A & B & C p. 113
employ (v.) = työllistää
an employer (n.) = työnantaja
an employee (n.) = työntekijä
employable (adj.) = työllistettävissä oleva
employability (n.) = työllistettävyys
employment (n.) = työllisyys
unemployment (n.) = työttömyys
employed (adj.) = työllistetty
the employed (n.) = työlliset
the unemployed (n.) = työttömät
unemployment benefit (n.) = työttömyyskorvaus
employ (v.) = työllistää
an employer (n.) = työnantaja
an employee (n.) = työntekijä
employable (adj.) = työllistettävissä oleva
employability (n.) = työllistettävyys
employment (n.) = työllisyys
unemployment (n.) = työttömyys
employed (adj.) = työllistetty
the employed (n.) = työlliset
the unemployed (n.) = työttömät
unemployment benefit (n.) = työttömyyskorvaus
Septemeber 16th, 2025
exercise 24
More advanced. Translate into English.
🔒 You will get the correct answers from your teacher.
|
1. En muista, mitä tapahtui juhlien lopuksi. |
I don't / do not remember/recall what happened at the end of the party. |
|
2. Kaikki kysyivät minulta, miksi olin tanssinut pöydällä. |
Everybody/Everyone asked me why I had been dancing / 'd been dancing / was dancing on the table. |
|
3. Naapurimme haluavat tietää, koska palautat heidän kissansa ja koiransa. |
Our neighbours want to know when you're going to return / you are going to return their cat and dog. |
|
4. Miksi et ole kertonut minulle, mitä tein? |
Why haven't you told me what I did? |
|
5. Haluaisin tietää, täytyykö minun pyytää kaikilta anteeksi. |
I'd like to know / I would like to know if/whether I have to apologize to everybody / everyone. |
|
6. En ole varma, puhuvatko ystäväni vielä minulle. |
I'm not sure / I am not sure if/whether my friends are still talking / 're still talking to me. |
|
7. Kysyitkö Jamesilta, muistaako hän, mitä tapahtui? |
Did you ask James if/whether he remembers/recalls what happened? |
|
8. Ihmettelen, miksi kaikki on niin suurta arvoitusta. |
I'm wondering / I am wondering / I wonder why everything is such a big mystery/enigma. |
Teksti
exercise 27
A mother gave the following advice to a babysitter. Turn the advice into reported speech. Start each sentence with “She told me…”
She told me…
|
1. “Don’t let the kids stay up late.” |
She told me not to let the kids stay up late. |
|
2. “Give them milk and cookies.” |
She told me to give them milk and cookies. |
|
3. “Never turn the computer on for them.” |
She told me never to turn the computer on for them. |
|
4. “Play board games instead.” |
She told me to play board games instead. |
|
5. “Don’t leave them alone with the cat.” |
She told me not to leave them alone with the cat. |
|
6. “Don’t leave the door unlocked.” |
She told me not to leave the door unlocked. |
Teksti
exercise 5b p. 55
Spot the phrase. How are these expressed in the text?
|
1. keskivertoa parempi mahdollisuus saada töitä valmistumisen jälkeen |
a better than average chance of getting work after graduation |
|
2. vaikuttava taitojen valikoima |
an impressive range of skills |
|
3. todellista erottuvuutta kilpailtaessa muilta tieteenaloilta valmistuneiden kanssa |
a real edge when competing with graduates from other disciplines |
|
4. lisää heidän työllistettävyyttään |
enhances their employability |
|
5. jatko-opintojen ja työharjoittelun jakso |
a period of further study and work experience |
|
6. suurin kasvu avoimissa työpaikoissa |
the largest increase in vacancies |
|
7. kysyntä on suuri |
demand is strong |
|
8. korkeammat työttömyysluvut |
higher unemployment rates |
|
9. erottautua edukseen työmarkkinoilla |
stand out in the labour market |
Teksti
exercise 5c p. 55
Translate the following questions. Take turns in asking and answering them in pairs.
🔒 You will get the correct answers from your teacher.
|
1. Mikä auttaa valmistuneita erottumaan edukseen työmarkkinoilla? |
What helps graduates (to) stand out in the labour/job market? |
|
2. Onko mielestäsi tärkeämpää hankkia taitoja, joita voi soveltaa moniin työpaikkoihin kuin keskittyä olemaan erinomainen yhdessä asiassa? |
Do you think it’s more important to acquire skills that can be applied to many jobs/professions than to focus on being excellent at one thing? |
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3. Miltä alalta valmistuneilla on korkeimmat työttömyysluvut, ja ketkä ovat helposti työllistettäviä? |
Which graduates have the highest unemployment rates and which are easily employable? |
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4. Millä aloilla uskot olevan suurin kasvu avoimissa työpaikoissa seuraavan 10 vuoden aikana ja miksi? |
Which industries do you believe will have the largest increase in vacancies in the next 10 years and why? |
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5. Mitä olisit valmis tekemään lisätäksesi työllistettävyyttäsi, jos tutkintosi ei olisi riittävä? |
What would you be willing to do to enhance your employability if your degree wasn’t enough/sufficient? |
Teksti
exercise 5d p. 55
Fill in the missing words and prepositions.
1. Graduating from(Valmistuminen) university doesn’t necessarily guarantee a graduate-level job. 2. According to((Asiantuntijoiden) mukaan) experts there are certain things that will make you more desirable 3. on the job market / in the job market / on the labour market / in the labour market(työmarkkinoilla). Graduates who have the abilities to 4. work in(työskennellä) various fields are much more likely to find jobs 5. compared with / compared to(verrattuna) graduates with a more limited 6. range of skills(taitojen valikoima).
Naturally, young people prefer to study things they are genuinely
7. interested in(kiinnostunut), but it would make sense to consider fields where there seems to be 8. an increase in / a growth in(kasvua) the number of vacancies. Of course, there are plenty of other factors that 9. contribute to(myötävaikuttaa) a person becoming employed. Graduates 10. benefit greatly from(hyötyvät suuresti) work placements, which 11. provides them with(tarjoaa heille) hands-on experience that they can later 12. build on(rakentaa jonkin varaan).
It might be 13. beneficial for(hyödyllistä) you to consider studies that
14. report on(raportoida) graduate destinations, but to what degree would you be willing to 15. move into a career(siirtyä uralle) solely
16. based on(perustuen) its employment rates?
Naturally, young people prefer to study things they are genuinely
7. interested in
It might be 13. beneficial for
14. report on
16. based on
Teksti
exercise 5g p. 57
Match the opposites.
employed • homogenous • regress • old • reduce • irrelevant •
optional • adequately • decreasing • disdain • excluding • ignorance
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compulsory / optional
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diverse / homogenous
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enhance / reduce
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favour / disdain
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including / excluding
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increasing / decreasing
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insufficiently / adequately
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progress / regress
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recent / old
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relevant / irrelevant
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unemployed / employed
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savviness / ignorance
Teksti
September 18th, 2025
exercise A p. 113
Fill in the blanks.
The most basic principle in (e)economics is that the price of something will rise if less of it is available or if more people want it. This is called the law of
(s)supply and (d)demand. So if the government just decides to print more money, that money will be worth less, thus causing (i)inflation. The best way to make a (p)profit is to sell something people really want, but not make too much available for sale.
Another basic observation is that people want things they cannot pay for. They might buy things on(c)creditcredit or take out a (l)loan, usually from a bank. The (i)interest (r)rate charged by the lender is what makes banking so profitable. If someone spends more than they make, that is (d)deficit spending. If they make more than they spend, they have a (s)surplus.
Another basic observation is that people want things they cannot pay for. They might buy things on
Teksti
exercise B p. 113
Complete the puzzle to find an idiom for what an accountant tries to do.
Clues:
1. If I lend you something, you _____ it.
2. The money you pay to the government
3. If the price goes below what I paid, I must sell for a _____.
4. An official ban on trade with another country
5. Unable to pay your debts
6. The system or type of money used in a country
7. An early or preliminary payment
8. If I owe money, I am in _____.
9. When the value of something suddenly drops
10. Give money to a person or company expecting profits in return
11. An investment in a government or a company that guarantees repayment with secured interest
12. An amount that has to be spent to buy something
13-14. Where you can buy and sell investments in companies
15. Banknotes and coins
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Teksti
exercise C p. 113
Translate into English.
🔒 You will get the correct answers from your teacher.
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1. Onko kuluttajilla nyt enemmän vai vähemmän rahaa käytettävänä kuin viime vuonna? |
Do consumers now have more or less money to spend than last year? |
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2. Yritämme olla säästäväisempiä nykyään. |
We are trying to be more economical these days / nowadays. |
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3. Kohtaavatko kysyntä ja tarjonta? |
Does the supply meet the demand? |
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4. Useimmat yritykset ponnistelevat tuottaakseen voittoa. |
Most firms/companies/enterprises struggle to make a profit. |
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5. Me tavalliset ihmiset maksamme tuloistamme paljon veroa. |
We ordinary people pay a lot of tax on our income. |
Teksti
1. HUOMAA: affect, impact, impress & influence verbeinä: EI TULE PREPOSITIOTA
Inflation affects sales.
The new policy will impact our daily lives.
Your language skills really impress us.
He couldn't influence my decisions.
2. discuss s-g EI PREPOSITIOTA
We discussed the situation in Ukraine.
3. visit a place EI PREPOSITIOTA
I visited New York City last summer.
4. marry s-b EI PREPOSITIOTA
Paul married Lena.
samalla tavalla divorce s-b:
He divorced Lena later.
5. ask s-b s-g TULEE KAKSI OBJEKTIA
Matti asked me a very difficult question.
6. answer verbinä EI PREPOSITIOTA
Answer me!
NB!
leave s-g
He left Paris.
cf He left Paris for London.
VERBEJÄ, JOIHIN EI TULE PREPOSITIOTA:
September 23rd, 2025
exercise A p. 113
Fill in the blanks.
The most basic principle in (e)economics is that the price of something will rise if less of it is available or if more people want it. This is called the law of
(s)supply and (d)demand. So if the government just decides to print more money, that money will be worth less, thus causing (i)inflation. The best way to make a (p)profit is to sell something people really want, but not make too much available for sale.
Another basic observation is that people want things they cannot pay for. They might buy things on(c)credit or take out a (l)loan, usually from a bank. The
(i)interest (r)rate charged by the lender is what makes banking so profitable. If someone spends more than they make, that is (d)deficit spending. If they make more than they spend, they have a (s)surplus.
Another basic observation is that people want things they cannot pay for. They might buy things on
Teksti
exercise B p. 113
Complete the puzzle to find an idiom for what an accountant tries to do.
Clues:
1. If I lend you something, you _____ it.
2. The money you pay to the government
3. If the price goes below what I paid, I must sell for a _____.
4. An official ban on trade with another country
5. Unable to pay your debts
6. The system or type of money used in a country
7. An early or preliminary payment
8. If I owe money, I am in _____.
9. When the value of something suddenly drops
10. Give money to a person or company expecting profits in return
11. An investment in a government or a company that guarantees repayment with secured interest
12. An amount that has to be spent to buy something
13-14. Where you can buy and sell investments in companies
15. Banknotes and coins
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Teksti
exercise C p. 113
Translate into English.
🔒 You will get the correct answers from your teacher.
|
1. Onko kuluttajilla nyt enemmän vai vähemmän rahaa käytettävänä kuin viime vuonna? |
Do consumers now have more or less money to spend than last year? |
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2. Yritämme olla säästäväisempiä nykyään. |
We are trying to be more economical these days / nowadays. |
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3. Kohtaavatko kysyntä ja tarjonta? |
Does the supply meet the demand? |
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4. Useimmat yritykset ponnistelevat tuottaakseen voittoa. |
Most firms/companies/enterprises struggle to make a profit. |
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5. Me tavalliset ihmiset maksamme tuloistamme paljon veroa. |
We ordinary people pay a lot of tax on our income. |
September 23rd, 2025
HW: ex. 29 p. 192, ex. 31 p. 193, ex. 32 p. 194 - 195, ex. 33 p. 195
suomessa lainata, mutta englannissa kaksi verbiä:
borrow, -ed, -ed = ottaa lainaksi
Could I borrow some money from you?
lend, lent, lent = antaa lainaksi
He lent me some money. = He lent some money to me.
economical (adj.) = säästäväinen: He has an economical wife.
economic (adj.): Are you interested in economic affairs?
1. syyttää jtk jskn: accuse s-b OF s-g
Slobodan Milosevic was accused of genocide.
2. charge s-b WITH s-g
He was charged with homicide.
3. blame s-b FOR s-g
Marc always blamed me FOR coming late to the meetings.
NB! blame s-g on s-b
They blamed bad weather on weathermen.
You apply for a job, but you apply to a university.
take part in s-g = participate in s-g = partake in s-g:
He took part in an international conference. = He participated in an international conference = He partook in an international conference.
NB! Päivi arrived in New York City.
Päivi arrived at JFK International Airport.
samalla tavalla substantiivi:
Her arrival in New York City was sudden.
Her arrival at JFK International Airport was sudden.
verbi: depend on s-g / s-b: It depends on you.
substantiivi: dependence on s-g / s-b: His dependence on his parents was obvious to everybody.
adjektiivi: dependent on s-g / s-b: He is dependent on his parents.
belong to s-b: What Belongs to You by Garth Greenwell
suomessa lainata, mutta englannissa kaksi verbiä:
borrow, -ed, -ed = ottaa lainaksi
Could I borrow some money from you?
lend, lent, lent = antaa lainaksi
He lent me some money. = He lent some money to me.
economical (adj.) = säästäväinen: He has an economical wife.
economic (adj.): Are you interested in economic affairs?
1. syyttää jtk jskn: accuse s-b OF s-g
Slobodan Milosevic was accused of genocide.
2. charge s-b WITH s-g
He was charged with homicide.
3. blame s-b FOR s-g
Marc always blamed me FOR coming late to the meetings.
NB! blame s-g on s-b
They blamed bad weather on weathermen.
You apply for a job, but you apply to a university.
take part in s-g = participate in s-g = partake in s-g:
He took part in an international conference. = He participated in an international conference = He partook in an international conference.
NB! Päivi arrived in New York City.
Päivi arrived at JFK International Airport.
samalla tavalla substantiivi:
Her arrival in New York City was sudden.
Her arrival at JFK International Airport was sudden.
verbi: depend on s-g / s-b: It depends on you.
substantiivi: dependence on s-g / s-b: His dependence on his parents was obvious to everybody.
adjektiivi: dependent on s-g / s-b: He is dependent on his parents.
belong to s-b: What Belongs to You by Garth Greenwell
September 25th, 2025
HW: ex. 35 & ex. 36 p. 201, ex. 37 & 38 p. 202
a belief in s-g
He has a firm belief in God.
confidence in s-g
We had a lot of confidence in our basket ball team.
faith in s-g
We had faith in modern medicine.
kun VAIKUTUS on substantiivi, tulee prepositio ON:
(to) have an effect on s-b
You had a calming effect on me.
(to) have an impact on s-b
My sister has had a positive impact on.
(to) have an influence on s-b
You have no influence on me.
(to)make an impression on s-b
You have made quite an impression on us.
"Nothing compares to you." (Sinead O'Connor)
spend time / money ON s-g
waste time / money ON s-g
devote oneself to s-g:
Mother Theresa devoted herself to helping the poor and the less fortunate in Calcutta, India.
You attend a night school / an evening school. = You go to a night school / an evening school.
a belief in s-g
He has a firm belief in God.
confidence in s-g
We had a lot of confidence in our basket ball team.
faith in s-g
We had faith in modern medicine.
kun VAIKUTUS on substantiivi, tulee prepositio ON:
(to) have an effect on s-b
You had a calming effect on me.
(to) have an impact on s-b
My sister has had a positive impact on.
(to) have an influence on s-b
You have no influence on me.
(to)make an impression on s-b
You have made quite an impression on us.
"Nothing compares to you." (Sinead O'Connor)
spend time / money ON s-g
waste time / money ON s-g
devote oneself to s-g:
Mother Theresa devoted herself to helping the poor and the less fortunate in Calcutta, India.
You attend a night school / an evening school. = You go to a night school / an evening school.
Teksti
exercise 29 Fill in the missing prepositions.
Three men had been charged 1. with serious crimes. They didn't look forward 2. to time in prison, but it had at least occurred 3. to them to take items with them 4. to which they might devote their time and energy while incarcerated. They compared their items 5. to/with the ones the other convicts had brought. The first convict tried to convince all the others 6. of his artistic skills. He wanted to develop 7. into a great painter. He pulled out a box of paints and the others complimented him 8. on his choice. The second convict said that he didn't care 9. for/about arts. He pulled out a deck of cards and said he would benefit 10. from them more. He wouldn't waste time 11. on paints but instead play poker, solitaire or gin rummy. The third convict was smug. He couldn't wait 12. for his chance to show off. The guy pulled out a box of tampons and said they belonged 13. to him. The others couldn't understand why he had opted 14. for something like that. He replied that he had only relied 15. on the promise on the box. According to the box, he'd be able to go horseback riding, swimming, roller-skating… you name it!
Three men had been charged 1. with serious crimes. They didn't look forward 2. to time in prison, but it had at least occurred 3. to them to take items with them 4. to which they might devote their time and energy while incarcerated. They compared their items 5. to/with the ones the other convicts had brought. The first convict tried to convince all the others 6. of his artistic skills. He wanted to develop 7. into a great painter. He pulled out a box of paints and the others complimented him 8. on his choice. The second convict said that he didn't care 9. for/about arts. He pulled out a deck of cards and said he would benefit 10. from them more. He wouldn't waste time 11. on paints but instead play poker, solitaire or gin rummy. The third convict was smug. He couldn't wait 12. for his chance to show off. The guy pulled out a box of tampons and said they belonged 13. to him. The others couldn't understand why he had opted 14. for something like that. He replied that he had only relied 15. on the promise on the box. According to the box, he'd be able to go horseback riding, swimming, roller-skating… you name it!
Teksti
exercise 31
Write the missing verbs and prepositions in the correct form.
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When Minnie applied for a job in Florida, she didn’t know anybody there but was looking for a change of scene.
(haki) -
As soon as she arrived atthe amusement park she would be working in, she felt right at home.
(saapui) -
Unlike in her previous jobs, she didn't complain aboutanything.
(ei valittanut) -
She even agreed to do double shifts and felt that it didn't rob her of / didn't deprive her of her valuable time in the sun.
(ei riistänyt häneltä) -
Her newly found job satisfaction convinced her of the fact that she had found her true calling in life.
(vakuutti hänet) -
There was only one thing that prevented her from being blissfully happy.
(esti häntä olemasta) -
She still hadn’t found that special somebody who she had been waiting for / had waited for.
(oli odottanut) -
She had met many eager men in the past who had insisted on taking her on a date.
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Most of her dates had proved to be utter bores who just loved listening to / to listen to the sound of their own voice.
(kuunnella) -
After her divorce from her ex-husband, Minnie had resorted to the services of a dating agency.
(oli turvautunut) -
She had found it hard to trust anybody new, because her ex had blamed Minnie for the divorce.
(oli laittanut syyksi) -
His filing for divorce from her had been based on him catching her goofing around too much.
(oli perustunut)
Teksti
exercise 32
Work with a partner and say the following sentences in English. Use the verbs on the list below.
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1. Nautitko tilastojen tutkimisesta? |
Do you enjoy studying/examining statistics? |
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2. Etkö olekin aina pitänyt minusta? |
Haven't you always liked me? |
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3. Ehkä minun pitäisi mennä naimisiin itseni kanssa? |
Maybe I should marry myself? |
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4. Sinulta ei ole helppoa pyytää neuvoa. |
You are not an easy person to consult. / It's not easy to ask you for advice. |
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5. Miksi et ole vastannut yhteenkään kysymyksistäni? |
Why haven't you answered any of my questions? |
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6. Hiljaisuutesi alkaa vaikuttaa minuun. |
Your silence is starting to affect/influence me. |
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7. Se ei ole oikeastaan tehnyt vaikutusta ystäviinikään. |
It hasn't really impressed my friends either. |
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8. Eikö ole mitään keinoa keskustella tilanteesta? |
Isn't there any way to discuss the situation? / Isn't there any way one could discuss the situation? |
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9. Nautitko mykkäkoulun pitämisestä? |
Do you enjoy giving me/people the silent treatment? |
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10. Pidin sinua todellakin parempana ystävänä. |
I really considered you a better friend. |
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11. Eikö ole mitään keinoa saavuttaa yhteisymmärrystä (consensus)? |
Isn't there any way to reach a consensus? |
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12. Miksi vaadit aina ehdottomasti liittyä seuraani, minne tahansa menen? |
Why do you always insist on joining me wherever/anywhere/everywhere I go? |
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13. Haluaisin lähteä talosta edes kerran ilman sinua. |
I'd like to leave the house just once without you. |
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14. En voi edes vierailla ystävieni luona yksin. |
I can't even visit my friends alone. |
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15. Joskus minun tekee mieli käydä kimppuusi. |
Sometimes I feel like attacking you. |
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16. Mutta jos et voi luottaa omaan varjoosi, kehen voit luottaa? |
But if you can't trust your own shadow, who can you trust? |
Teksti
exercise 33
Fill in the missing verbs and prepositions in their right form. A preposition is not needed in every case. Check your answers by listening to the story.
🔒 You will get the correct answers from your teacher.
Yesterday afternoon I had managed to 1. leave (lähteä) work early when something horrible happened. When I 2. reached (saavutin) the first traffic lights, a bird slammed into my windshield. The bird 3. didn't die from / didn't die of (ei kuollut) the impact, but it got its wing stuck under the windshield wiper. I think the whole thing 4. affected influenced (vaikutti) me in such a way that I now 5. suffer from (kärsin) ornithophobia, an irrational fear of birds.
Not really knowing how 6. to deal with / to handle(käsitellä) the situation, turning on the windshield wipers seemed like the only way to solve the problem.
I 7. arrived at(saavuin) the next set of traffic lights and the bird ended up in the wrong place again: on the windshield of the police car behind me.
8. Discussing / Talking about(Keskusteleminen) the situation with the police didn’t help. The police officer simply 9. replied to / answered (vastasi) me: “Sir, I am going to have to 10. charge you with (syyttää) a crime: cruelty to animals.”
Not really knowing how 6. to deal with / to handle
I 7. arrived at
8. Discussing / Talking about
Teksti
exercise 34
More advanced. Fill in the missing verbs and prepositions in the right form. A preposition is not needed in every case.
🔒 You will get the correct answers from your teacher.
-
I’d like to apologize to all of you for / to apologise to all of you for
(pyytää anteeksi teiltä kaikilta)taking up your time, but this might end up being a rather long speech. -
Most people disapprove of
(paheksuvat)long speeches, but I hope my audience will approve of / will accept(hyväksyy)this one. -
As we have reached
(olemme saavuttaneet)the end of our studies at this school, we are looking forward to celebrating(odotamme innokkaasti juhlimista)our achievements together. -
We have spent a lot of time on
(olemme käyttäneet paljon aikaa)homework and have devoted ourselves to(olemme omistautuneet)our studies. -
Perhaps all of us haven't considered studying / haven't regarded studying as
(eivät ole pitäneet opiskelemista)important but at least our friends have always been ready to talk about / to discuss(keskustelemaan)anything with us to kill time. -
Together with online computer games and social media, this has made participating in / attending
(osallistuminen)lessons more tolerable. -
I’m also convinced that we have benefitted from / have benefited from
(olemme hyötyneet)all the lessons, especially the ones where the students have commented on(ovat kommentoineet)current affairs. -
I’d like to thank our teachers for looking after / taking care of
(huolehtiminen)us so well. -
I’m convinced that their constructive criticism has affected / has influenced
(on vaikuttanut)me positively. -
We’re sure to come back and visit
(vierailla)the school in the future. -
I’d like to congratulate everybody on to congratulate everyone on
(onnitella kaikkia)their success and wish all of us a very bright future. -
Next, I’d like all of you to listen to
(kuunnella)me read aloud the epic I’ve been writing during the past three years…
September 30th, 2025
I am used to getting up at 5 am. = I am accustomed to getting up at 5 am.
vrt. I used to get up at 5 am. But not anymore.
afraid of s-g = scared of s-g
Are you afraid of dying / scared of dying?
typical of s-g = characteristic of s-g
Being absent-minded is typical of me / characteristic of me.
short of s-g / shortage of s-g = lack of s-g
I am short of money.
There is lack of drinking water / shortage of drinking water in Gaza.
huolestuminen: ABOUT
I am worried about him.
I was concerned about my future.
altistuminen jlkkn: TO
I am allergic to pollen.
Many Finns are prone to gloominess.
She was exposed to domestic violence.
Are some bacteria immune to antibiotics?
I am sensitive to loud voices.
hyvä tai huono jssn: AT
He is very good at running.
I am bad at running.
I am hopeless at knitting.
She is gifted / talented at sports.
Mikael Jantunen is excellent at basketball.
Jack is lucky at cards.
He was skilful at bluffing in poker.
He used to feel superior to us all.
I used to feel inferior to all others.
tunnettu jskn: FOR
He is well-known for his wisdom.
Finland is famous for its beautiful lakes and forests.
The city is renowned for its good schools.
tyytyväisyyden / tyytymättömyyden prepositio: WITH
Are you happy with your life?
He was satisfied with his exam results.
I am pleased with you.
He was dissatisfied / unsatisfied with everything.
He was disappointed with me.
He was never contented with half measures.
vrt. I used to get up at 5 am. But not anymore.
afraid of s-g = scared of s-g
Are you afraid of dying / scared of dying?
typical of s-g = characteristic of s-g
Being absent-minded is typical of me / characteristic of me.
short of s-g / shortage of s-g = lack of s-g
I am short of money.
There is lack of drinking water / shortage of drinking water in Gaza.
huolestuminen: ABOUT
I am worried about him.
I was concerned about my future.
altistuminen jlkkn: TO
I am allergic to pollen.
Many Finns are prone to gloominess.
She was exposed to domestic violence.
Are some bacteria immune to antibiotics?
I am sensitive to loud voices.
hyvä tai huono jssn: AT
He is very good at running.
I am bad at running.
I am hopeless at knitting.
She is gifted / talented at sports.
Mikael Jantunen is excellent at basketball.
Jack is lucky at cards.
He was skilful at bluffing in poker.
He used to feel superior to us all.
I used to feel inferior to all others.
tunnettu jskn: FOR
He is well-known for his wisdom.
Finland is famous for its beautiful lakes and forests.
The city is renowned for its good schools.
tyytyväisyyden / tyytymättömyyden prepositio: WITH
Are you happy with your life?
He was satisfied with his exam results.
I am pleased with you.
He was dissatisfied / unsatisfied with everything.
He was disappointed with me.
He was never contented with half measures.
Teksti
exercise 35 Match the nouns with the correct prepositions and near synonyms. You might have to use the same preposition more than once. Some words have multiple near synonyms.
1. affection for
2. faith in
3. influence on
4. admiration for
5. lack of
6. attachment to confidence in / trust in impact on / effect on respect for shortage of
exercise 36 Fill in the missing nouns and prepositions. Being an effective emergency medical technician (an EMT) means making a 1. contribution to the team, staying calm and showing 2. respect for your co-workers. You may not personally like everyone and may even feel a strong 3. dislike of some people, but you can always be polite and respectful and not let your real 4. attitude to/towards them shine through. During times when you don't have patients, try to connect with co-workers and make 5. comments on topics that aren't always related to EMS. This may help you to notice 6. a change in your co-workers and be 7. the/a solution to preventing problems with your colleagues.
8. The trouble with / The difficulty in today's working life is that we don't seem to have the time to stop and listen. There has been a huge 9. decrease in / reduction in the number of minutes we have for short breaks in order to unwind in the middle of a shift. It's really 10. an exception to the rule if a working day doesn't feel hectic. However, everybody wants to be listened to and feel that there is a genuine 11. interest in what they think and say. 12. Thanks to making some time for others, you might have a much better time at work yourself, too.
exercise 37 Work with a partner and translate the sentences. Before you begin, revise both the verb and noun lists.
1. Could you answer my question?
2. I'm afraid / Unfortunately I don't know the answer to your question.
3. We arrived in New Delhi late in the evening.
4. Our arrival at the airport was delayed.
5. The army attacked the enemy at dawn.
6. The attack on the enemy was / had been unsuccessful / had failed.
7. My brother has always had a positive influence/effect on me.
8. He affects/influences me positively.
9. The applicant impressed / made an impression on the prospective employer.
10. The employer didn't make an impression on / didn't impress the applicant.
*** 11. Will you marry me? '
12. Sorry, I'm already married to the love of my life.
13. Trust me, I know what to do.
14. I have no trust in your skills.
15. Can you (come and) stay at / visit our summer cottage next summer?
16. Our stay at / visit to the neighbours' cottage was quite enough.
17. Why don't you respect/honour my point of view / opinion?
18. Show respect for my insights.
19. This soup lacks salt and thyme.
20. A/The lack of seasoning/spices leaves food bland/tasteless.
exercise 38 Translate into English.
1. Congratulations on finding a new job!
2. There's no more effective cure for boredom than a new job.
3. My dependence on / addiction to excitement made me look/apply for a new job.
4. Career prospects also affected / influenced / had an effect/impact/influence on my decision.
5. Or maybe they were just an excuse for changing jobs.
6. My boss's ignorance of my situation was also an important reason.
7. Now I can take responsibility for several assignments/tasks.
8. A bigger salary also means that I'll be paying / will be paying more tax(es) on my income.
9. Boredom is a threat to job satisfaction.
10. An employee has to have / must have a lot of trust/faith/belief in themselves nowadays / these days.
exercise 39 Match the adjectives with the correct prepositions and near synonyms. You will have to use the same preposition more than once.
1. dedicated to devoted to
2. enthusiastic about excited about
3. afraid of frightened with
4. bored of/with fed up with
5. typical of characteristic with
6. used to accustomed to
7. familiar with acquainted with
8. worried about concerned with
9. pleased with content with
10. well known for famous for
11. good at skilful at
12. angry at/with annoyed at / about / with
13. ready for prepared for
14. sick of tired of
1. affection for
2. faith in
3. influence on
4. admiration for
5. lack of
6. attachment to confidence in / trust in impact on / effect on respect for shortage of
exercise 36 Fill in the missing nouns and prepositions. Being an effective emergency medical technician (an EMT) means making a 1. contribution to the team, staying calm and showing 2. respect for your co-workers. You may not personally like everyone and may even feel a strong 3. dislike of some people, but you can always be polite and respectful and not let your real 4. attitude to/towards them shine through. During times when you don't have patients, try to connect with co-workers and make 5. comments on topics that aren't always related to EMS. This may help you to notice 6. a change in your co-workers and be 7. the/a solution to preventing problems with your colleagues.
8. The trouble with / The difficulty in today's working life is that we don't seem to have the time to stop and listen. There has been a huge 9. decrease in / reduction in the number of minutes we have for short breaks in order to unwind in the middle of a shift. It's really 10. an exception to the rule if a working day doesn't feel hectic. However, everybody wants to be listened to and feel that there is a genuine 11. interest in what they think and say. 12. Thanks to making some time for others, you might have a much better time at work yourself, too.
exercise 37 Work with a partner and translate the sentences. Before you begin, revise both the verb and noun lists.
1. Could you answer my question?
2. I'm afraid / Unfortunately I don't know the answer to your question.
3. We arrived in New Delhi late in the evening.
4. Our arrival at the airport was delayed.
5. The army attacked the enemy at dawn.
6. The attack on the enemy was / had been unsuccessful / had failed.
7. My brother has always had a positive influence/effect on me.
8. He affects/influences me positively.
9. The applicant impressed / made an impression on the prospective employer.
10. The employer didn't make an impression on / didn't impress the applicant.
*** 11. Will you marry me? '
12. Sorry, I'm already married to the love of my life.
13. Trust me, I know what to do.
14. I have no trust in your skills.
15. Can you (come and) stay at / visit our summer cottage next summer?
16. Our stay at / visit to the neighbours' cottage was quite enough.
17. Why don't you respect/honour my point of view / opinion?
18. Show respect for my insights.
19. This soup lacks salt and thyme.
20. A/The lack of seasoning/spices leaves food bland/tasteless.
exercise 38 Translate into English.
1. Congratulations on finding a new job!
2. There's no more effective cure for boredom than a new job.
3. My dependence on / addiction to excitement made me look/apply for a new job.
4. Career prospects also affected / influenced / had an effect/impact/influence on my decision.
5. Or maybe they were just an excuse for changing jobs.
6. My boss's ignorance of my situation was also an important reason.
7. Now I can take responsibility for several assignments/tasks.
8. A bigger salary also means that I'll be paying / will be paying more tax(es) on my income.
9. Boredom is a threat to job satisfaction.
10. An employee has to have / must have a lot of trust/faith/belief in themselves nowadays / these days.
exercise 39 Match the adjectives with the correct prepositions and near synonyms. You will have to use the same preposition more than once.
1. dedicated to devoted to
2. enthusiastic about excited about
3. afraid of frightened with
4. bored of/with fed up with
5. typical of characteristic with
6. used to accustomed to
7. familiar with acquainted with
8. worried about concerned with
9. pleased with content with
10. well known for famous for
11. good at skilful at
12. angry at/with annoyed at / about / with
13. ready for prepared for
14. sick of tired of
Teksti
exercise 40 Add the missing prepositions.
1. There's nothing to be ashamed of if you can't find a summer job. 2. Volunteering might be as beneficial to/for you in the long run. 3. The most important factor is that you feel motivated and committed to what you're doing. 4. Is this advice consistent with what you've been given in the past? 5. Contrary to what most students believe, any kind of work experience is beneficial. 6. It's not fair to be discriminated against in the job market only because of your age. 7. Are you envious of your friends who have already landed themselves a summer job? 8. How about walking the neighbourhood dogs? You don't have to be fond of animals to do it, just open to new experiences. 9. I'm really hopeless at promoting myself and my skills, however. 10. Most Finns are prone to underestimating themselves. 11. Are we short of self-esteem in some matters? 12. Maybe I was wrong about there not being any summer jobs out there. 13. But surely there can't be anything wrong with me and my job-seeking skills!
exercise 41 Add the missing adjectives and prepositions. 1. My friend Luke was angry with/at me for not telling him about the opening in our company. 2. I had simply been too busy with my own projects. 3. Not looking out for my friends isn't really characteristic/typical of me at all. 4. Actually, I wasn't even aware of the fact that he was curious about the vacancy and looking to change companies. 5. Luke is excellent/skilful at overcoming difficulties and being courageous in a tight spot. 6. He is even experienced in working with droids. 7. Luke is quite fond of / attached to his twin sister Leia. 8. He was anything but hopeless at Jedi training. 9. I really thought that he would find selling real estate inferior to being a Jedi knight. 10. He isn't even qualified for selling houses as he hasn't passed the final test yet. 11. Hopefully he won't be too sensitive to this kind of feedback. 12. I believe he's used/accustomed to winning most battles, so maybe he will triumph in the end now, too.
exercise 42 Translate into English.
1. Are you committed to working hard?
2. Not all computer programs are compatible with each other.
3. Our findings weren't / were not consistent with the general opinion.
4. We are / 're crazy about/for chocolate.
5. I'm / am committed/dedicated/devoted to my career.
6. Our boss is dependent on my advice.
7. Last year he/she was disappointed in/with me and my performance.
8. We have been exposed to construction dust because of / due to the renovation.
9. I'm / am familiar with the trends in the economy.
10. We shouldn't / should not be incapable of making quick decisions.
exercise 43 All the prepositions. Choose the best alternative. It might be easy to call your boss or neighbour a psychopath if you don't always see eye to eye. However, there are real signs you can spot that might indicate that some people are clinical, legitimate psychopaths. Check this list to see if your frenemies have at least some of the character traits typical 1. of a psychopath. - Do they tend to be smooth and engaging? Psychopathic charmers are not afraid 2. of saying anything to anybody.- Psychopaths are arrogant people who believe they are superior 3. to other human beings.- Do they get easily bored 4. with people and things? Psychopaths fail to work at the same job for long and fail to finish tasks that they consider 5. — dull or routine.- Being a psychopath is reflected in a lack 6. of concern for the feelings and suffering of one’s victims.- Psychopaths tend to go in for an exploitative financial dependence 7. on others.- Psychopaths take great pride in discussing 8. — their sexual exploits or conquests.- Psychopaths suffer 9. from a failure to accept responsibility 10. for their actions.
1. There's nothing to be ashamed of if you can't find a summer job. 2. Volunteering might be as beneficial to/for you in the long run. 3. The most important factor is that you feel motivated and committed to what you're doing. 4. Is this advice consistent with what you've been given in the past? 5. Contrary to what most students believe, any kind of work experience is beneficial. 6. It's not fair to be discriminated against in the job market only because of your age. 7. Are you envious of your friends who have already landed themselves a summer job? 8. How about walking the neighbourhood dogs? You don't have to be fond of animals to do it, just open to new experiences. 9. I'm really hopeless at promoting myself and my skills, however. 10. Most Finns are prone to underestimating themselves. 11. Are we short of self-esteem in some matters? 12. Maybe I was wrong about there not being any summer jobs out there. 13. But surely there can't be anything wrong with me and my job-seeking skills!
exercise 41 Add the missing adjectives and prepositions. 1. My friend Luke was angry with/at me for not telling him about the opening in our company. 2. I had simply been too busy with my own projects. 3. Not looking out for my friends isn't really characteristic/typical of me at all. 4. Actually, I wasn't even aware of the fact that he was curious about the vacancy and looking to change companies. 5. Luke is excellent/skilful at overcoming difficulties and being courageous in a tight spot. 6. He is even experienced in working with droids. 7. Luke is quite fond of / attached to his twin sister Leia. 8. He was anything but hopeless at Jedi training. 9. I really thought that he would find selling real estate inferior to being a Jedi knight. 10. He isn't even qualified for selling houses as he hasn't passed the final test yet. 11. Hopefully he won't be too sensitive to this kind of feedback. 12. I believe he's used/accustomed to winning most battles, so maybe he will triumph in the end now, too.
exercise 42 Translate into English.
1. Are you committed to working hard?
2. Not all computer programs are compatible with each other.
3. Our findings weren't / were not consistent with the general opinion.
4. We are / 're crazy about/for chocolate.
5. I'm / am committed/dedicated/devoted to my career.
6. Our boss is dependent on my advice.
7. Last year he/she was disappointed in/with me and my performance.
8. We have been exposed to construction dust because of / due to the renovation.
9. I'm / am familiar with the trends in the economy.
10. We shouldn't / should not be incapable of making quick decisions.
exercise 43 All the prepositions. Choose the best alternative. It might be easy to call your boss or neighbour a psychopath if you don't always see eye to eye. However, there are real signs you can spot that might indicate that some people are clinical, legitimate psychopaths. Check this list to see if your frenemies have at least some of the character traits typical 1. of a psychopath. - Do they tend to be smooth and engaging? Psychopathic charmers are not afraid 2. of saying anything to anybody.- Psychopaths are arrogant people who believe they are superior 3. to other human beings.- Do they get easily bored 4. with people and things? Psychopaths fail to work at the same job for long and fail to finish tasks that they consider 5. — dull or routine.- Being a psychopath is reflected in a lack 6. of concern for the feelings and suffering of one’s victims.- Psychopaths tend to go in for an exploitative financial dependence 7. on others.- Psychopaths take great pride in discussing 8. — their sexual exploits or conquests.- Psychopaths suffer 9. from a failure to accept responsibility 10. for their actions.
September 30th, 2025
exercise 40 Add the missing prepositions. 1. There's nothing to be ashamed of if you can't find a summer job. 2. Volunteering might be as beneficial to/for you in the long run. 3. The most important factor is that you feel motivated and committed to what you're doing. 4. Is this advice consistent with what you've been given in the past? 5. Contrary to what most students believe, any kind of work experience is beneficial. 6. It's not fair to be discriminated against in the job market only because of your age. 7. Are you envious of your friends who have already landed themselves a summer job? 8. How about walking the neighbourhood dogs? You don't have to be fond of animals to do it, just open to new experiences. 9. I'm really hopeless at promoting myself and my skills, however. 10. Most Finns are prone to underestimating themselves. 11. Are we short of self-esteem in some matters? 12. Maybe I was wrong about there not being any summer jobs out there. 13. But surely there can't be anything wrong with me and my job-seeking skills!
exercise 41 Add the missing adjectives and prepositions.
1. My friend Luke was angry with/at me for not telling him about the opening in our company.
2. I had simply been too busy with my own projects.
3. Not looking out for my friends isn't really characteristic/typical of me at all.
4. Actually, I wasn't even aware of the fact that he was curious about the vacancy and looking to change companies.
5. Luke is excellent/skilful at overcoming difficulties and being courageous in a tight spot.
6. He is even experienced in working with droids.
7. Luke is quite fond of / attached to his twin sister Leia.
8. He was anything but hopeless at Jedi training.
9. I really thought that he would find selling real estate inferior to being a Jedi knight.
10. He isn't even qualified for selling houses as he hasn't passed the final test yet.
11. Hopefully he won't be too sensitive to this kind of feedback.
12. I believe he's used/accustomed to winning most battles, so maybe he will triumph in the end now, too.
exercise 42 Translate into English.
1. Are you committed to working hard?
2. Not all computer programs are compatible with each other.
3. Our findings weren't / were not consistent with the general opinion.
'4. We are / 're crazy about/for chocolate.
5. I'm / am committed/dedicated/devoted to my career.
6. Our boss is dependent on my advice.
7. Last year he/she was disappointed in/with me and my performance.
8. We have been exposed to construction dust because of / due to the renovation.
9. I'm / am familiar with the trends in the economy.
10. We shouldn't / should not be incapable of making quick decisions.
exercise 43 All the prepositions. Choose the best alternative. It might be easy to call your boss or neighbour a psychopath if you don't always see eye to eye. However, there are real signs you can spot that might indicate that some people are clinical, legitimate psychopaths. Check this list to see if your frenemies have at least some of the character traits typical 1. of a psychopath. - Do they tend to be smooth and engaging? Psychopathic charmers are not afraid 2. of saying anything to anybody.- Psychopaths are arrogant people who believe they are superior 3. to other human beings.- Do they get easily bored 4. with people and things? Psychopaths fail to work at the same job for long and fail to finish tasks that they consider 5. — dull or routine.- Being a psychopath is reflected in a lack 6. of concern for the feelings and suffering of one’s victims.- Psychopaths tend to go in for an exploitative financial dependence 7. on others.- Psychopaths take great pride in discussing 8. — their sexual exploits or conquests.- Psychopaths suffer 9. from a failure to accept responsibility 10. for their actions.
exercise 41 Add the missing adjectives and prepositions.
1. My friend Luke was angry with/at me for not telling him about the opening in our company.
2. I had simply been too busy with my own projects.
3. Not looking out for my friends isn't really characteristic/typical of me at all.
4. Actually, I wasn't even aware of the fact that he was curious about the vacancy and looking to change companies.
5. Luke is excellent/skilful at overcoming difficulties and being courageous in a tight spot.
6. He is even experienced in working with droids.
7. Luke is quite fond of / attached to his twin sister Leia.
8. He was anything but hopeless at Jedi training.
9. I really thought that he would find selling real estate inferior to being a Jedi knight.
10. He isn't even qualified for selling houses as he hasn't passed the final test yet.
11. Hopefully he won't be too sensitive to this kind of feedback.
12. I believe he's used/accustomed to winning most battles, so maybe he will triumph in the end now, too.
exercise 42 Translate into English.
1. Are you committed to working hard?
2. Not all computer programs are compatible with each other.
3. Our findings weren't / were not consistent with the general opinion.
'4. We are / 're crazy about/for chocolate.
5. I'm / am committed/dedicated/devoted to my career.
6. Our boss is dependent on my advice.
7. Last year he/she was disappointed in/with me and my performance.
8. We have been exposed to construction dust because of / due to the renovation.
9. I'm / am familiar with the trends in the economy.
10. We shouldn't / should not be incapable of making quick decisions.
exercise 43 All the prepositions. Choose the best alternative. It might be easy to call your boss or neighbour a psychopath if you don't always see eye to eye. However, there are real signs you can spot that might indicate that some people are clinical, legitimate psychopaths. Check this list to see if your frenemies have at least some of the character traits typical 1. of a psychopath. - Do they tend to be smooth and engaging? Psychopathic charmers are not afraid 2. of saying anything to anybody.- Psychopaths are arrogant people who believe they are superior 3. to other human beings.- Do they get easily bored 4. with people and things? Psychopaths fail to work at the same job for long and fail to finish tasks that they consider 5. — dull or routine.- Being a psychopath is reflected in a lack 6. of concern for the feelings and suffering of one’s victims.- Psychopaths tend to go in for an exploitative financial dependence 7. on others.- Psychopaths take great pride in discussing 8. — their sexual exploits or conquests.- Psychopaths suffer 9. from a failure to accept responsibility 10. for their actions.