HW  ex. 16 p. 169, ex. 17 p. 170, ex. 10 p. 167, ex. 14 p. 168

The -ING-muoto:

1. subjektina
Smoking is not good for health.'

2. predikatiivina
Seeing is believing. (To see is to believe.)

3. objektina tietyt verbit vaativat -ing-muotoa
What do you enjoy doing?
I enjoy reading.
She enjoys swimming.
1. enjoy
2. miss
I miss seeing you.
3. mind
Do you mind opening the door?
4. risk
He risks being caught.
5. can't help
"I can't help falling in love with you."
(I can't help but fall in love with you.)
I couldn't help loving him.
6. can't stand
I can't stand lying and especially I can't stand being lied to.
7. 
stop: He stopped greeting us.
finish: What time did you finish working?
quit:  He quit / quitted going to school.
avoid: Avoid disturbing him.
prevent (from):  Nothing can prevent me ( from) loving you.
postpone: We had to postpone meeting.
put off: We had to put off meeting.
escape: He escaped being caught.
leave off: Why don't you leave off swearing?
8.
go on: He went on running.
keep (on): Keep (on) doing the good work

4. preposition jälkeen verbi on ing-muodossa
You are interested in studying English.
You are keen on playing football.
He left the room without saying a  word.
By doing you learn.

5. NB! busy
What are you busy doing?
I am busy studying.

6. IDIOMIT
What is worth doing is worth doing well.
The Summer Book was worth seeing.
Animal Farm is a book worth (while) reading.

It is no use / no good
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.

There is nothing like reading.


This film is worthy of seeing.

Vergil: Aeneid I - VIII
Aeneas
Carthago
Dido
Dido stopped to greet Aeneas in the Underworld.
Dido stopped greeting Aeneas.

... I would be better off studying astronomy.