ENA1(+2) / 5. periodi / Haaksluoto
Teksti
Teksti
Koealue ENA1:
- Text 2: Can you lose a language you never knew? p. 10 – 19
- Text 4: Nobody should have to sit alone p. 28 – 37
- Text 5: My first apartment p. 38 – 49
Grammar: 1. yleis- ja kestopreesens p. 209 – 220
- yleis- ja kestoimperfekti p. 221 – 231
- yleis- ja kestoperfekti p. 232 – 240
- yleis- ja kestopluskvamperfekti p. 241 – 247
- liitekysymykset p. 248 – 251
Lisäksi kokeessa on kuullunymmärtäminen ja luetunymmärtäminen.
course outline / kurssiohjelma
Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukio 2023 – 2024 / Period V
ENGLISH / ADVANCED / MODULE 1 / ENA1 (+ 2)
Book: Elina Karapalo – Paula Keltto – Mark Kilmer – Päivi Kuusivaara – Teijo Päkkilä –Annukka Suonio: New Insights Modules 1 – 2 (Otava)
Room and Time: on Mondays and Wednesdays at 18.40 – 20.00 hours in Room 31 (3rd floor) or online on Google Meet at the following link: meet.google.com/her-rxva-umj
Teacher: Erja H. Haaksluoto, erja.haaksluoto@tyk.fi
Available for consultation: 1) before, during and after the lessons, and 2) on Mondays at 20.05 – 20.45 hours in Room 31, 3rd floor = so-called KIELIKLINIKKA (except NOT during the exam weeks) or online on Google Meet at the following link: meet.google.com/her-rxva-umj
OTE OPINTO-OPPAASTA:
ENA1+2 Opiskelutaidot, kieli-identiteetin rakentaminen ja englanti globaalina kielenä (4 op)
Tämä opintojakso koostuu moduuleista ENA1 Opiskelutaidot ja kieli-identiteetin rakentaminen ja ENA2 Englanti globaalina kielenä.
ENA1: Opiskelutaidot ja kieli-identiteetin rakentaminen (1 op) Keskeiset sisällöt: henkilökohtaisen kieliprofiilin laatiminen, tavoitteiden asettelu kielten opiskelulle, monikielisyys voimavarana, erilaisiin teksti- ja tyylilajeihin tutustuminen, toisiin tutustuminen, arkitiedon vaihtaminen ja vuorovaikutusosaamisen vahvistaminen keskustellen.
ENA2: Englanti globaalina kielenä (3 op) Keskeiset sisällöt: englanti äidinkielenä, toisena kielenä, virallisena kielenä, globaalina kielenä; kansainvälisyys arjessa ja lähiympäristöissä, liikkuvuus; kansainväliset suhteet; rakentava vuorovaikutus, merkitysneuvottelut ja kielentäminen hyvinvoinnin ja itsetunnon rakentajana; puhujien eri taustat ja statusvaikutukset; äänteiden muodostuminen ja puheen tuottaminen; englannin variantteja ja vertailua muihin kieliin; viestintätyyli erilaisissa medioissa.
Materiaali: Otava: New Insights (Modules 1-2), valikoiden kirjan kappaleita. Oppikirja voi olla paperi- tai digikirja.
Arviointi: Opintojakson arvosana muodostuu loppukokeen ja mahdollisten muiden näyttöjen perusteella. Opintojakson arvosanan saa suoritettuaan moduulit ENA1 ja ENA2 hyväksytysti.
The written digital test with a listening part on Monday, April 7th, 2025, Rm31, consists of the following parts:
- GRAMMAR: A) TENSES = (aktiivin) aikamuodot: 1) yleispreesens 2) kestopreesens 3) yleisimperfekti 4) kestoimperfekti 5) yleisperfekti 6) kestoperfekti 7) yleispluskvamperfekti 8) kestopluskvamperfekti B) QUESTION TAGS (=liitekysymykset)
- WORDS & VOCABULARY (sanastoa tunneilla käsitellyistä kappaleista)
- RC (= Reading Comprehension = luetun ymmärtäminen)
- Possibly YOUR OWN WRITING (= oma tuotos)
- LC (= Listening Comprehension = kuullun ymmärtäminen)
YOU WILL GET YOUR EXAMS BACK on your e-mail.
RETAKE EXAM: on Friday, May 9th, 2025, at 17.00 – 20.05 = UUSINTAKOE, johon on ehdottomasti ilmoittauduttava etukäteen täyttämällä vaaleansininen lomake, jonka saa kansliasta, 2. krs. Lomake palautetaan postilaatikkoon, joka on 2. kerroksen ilmoitustaulun luona VIIMEISTÄÄN VIIKKOA ENNEN UUSINTAKOETTA eli viimeistään tiistaina 29.4.2025. Uusintakoelomakkeesta on myös olemassa sähköinen lomake. Nettisivuilla on pdf, jonka voi suoraan täyttää ja lähettää liitetiedostona kansliaan. Lomake löytyy täältä: https://www.tyk.fi/aikuislukio/tietoa/lomakkeet/
STUDY PLAN:
- February 26, 2025: Getting to know one another; Introduction to the course // Kieliprofiilin teosta p. 174 – 183 // p. 209 - 212 YLEISPREESENS / ex. 5 p. 213
- March 3, 2025: Kieliprofiilin teosta p. 174 – 183 // ex. 8 & 9 p. 214 - 215 // p. 216 - 218 KESTOPREESENS / ex. 11 p. 218
- March 5, 2025: ex. 13 & 14 p. 219 – 220 // p. 221 - 224 YLEISIMPERFEKTI / ex. 16 & 17 p. 225 // p. 10 -13 2 Can you lose a language you never knew? / ex. 2a & 2b & 2c p. 14 - 15
- March 10, 2025: p. 10 -13 2 Can you lose a language you never knew? // ex. 2d & 2e p. 16 - 17 // ex. 20 & 21 p. 226 – 227 // p. 228 -229 KESTOIMPERFEKTI / ex. 23 & 24 p. 229
- March 12, 2025: ex. 25 & 26 p. 230 - 231 // p. 232 - 234 YLEISPERFEKTI / ex. 28 p. 234 // ex. 2f p. 17 - 18
- March 17, 2025: ex. 2g p. 19 // ex. 31 p. 235 // p. 236 – 237 KESTOPERFEKTI / ex. 33 p. 238 // p. 28 - 30 4 Nobody should have to sit alone
- March 19, 2025: ex. 34 & 35 p. 239 - 240 // p. 241 – 242 YLEISPLUSKVAMPERFEKTI / ex. 37 p. 243 // ex. 4c & 4e & 4g p. 33 - 36
- March 24, 2025: p. 244 KESTOPLUSKVAMPERFEKTI / ex. 40 p. 245 / Kertausta AKTIIVIN AIKAMUODOISTA
- March 26, 2025: ex. 41 p. 246 // p. 248 - 250 LIITEKYSYMYKSET // p. 38 – 40 5 My first apartment
- March 31, 2025: ex. 43 p. 250 – 251 // ex. 5b & 5c & 5d p. 43 - 44
- April 2, 2025: ex. 5e & 5g p. 44 – 46 // REPETITIA (kertausta)
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT:
Choose one of the following topics on page 198. Follow the instructions and write a compositon of about 700 – 1,300 characters. Hand in your written assignment (e.g. as an email attachment) not later than March 26th, 2025.
The grade on module ENA1 will be part of the grade on modules ENA1 & 2 and it consists of:
1) the exam on April 7th, 2025,
2) the written assignment (handed in not later than March 26th, 2025) and
3) activity during the lessons (+++).
February 26th, 2025
February 26th, 2025
Sg = Singular = Yksikkö
(to) love = rakastaa
1. I love you. kielto: I don't love you. I do not love you.
2. You love English. You don't love English.
3. He loves Mary. He doesn't love Mary anymore. He does not love Mary anymore.
She loves him. She doesn't love him. She does not love him.
It loves food. It doesn't love food. It does not love food.
Pl = Plural = Monikko
1. We love freedom.
2. You love chocolate.
3. They love us.
kun verbivartalo loppuu s-äänteeseen, tulee pidempi pääte -es:
kiss: Marc kisses Mary.
wish: He wishes us well.
wash: She washes her laundry.
catch: A cat catches a mouse.
buzz: A bee buzzes.
fix: My Dad fixes my bike.
kun y:tä ennen on konsonantti, y muuttuu ie:ksi:
NB! study: Matti studies Spanish.
carry: He carries a heavy burden.
try: He tries hard.
BUT: kun y:tä ennen vokaali, ei muutosta tapahdu:
enjoy: Matti enjoys playing football.
play: Ronaldo plays football.
kun verbivartalo loppuu o:hon:
do: does: She does her homework.
go: goes: He goes to school every day.
veto: vetoes: The President vetoes the bill
KYSYMYS: Do you love me?
Does Mary love Mike? Does she love Mike?
KIELTEISKYSYVÄ: Don't you love me at all? = Etkö pidä minusta?
Doesn't Mary love Mike? = Eikö Mary rakasta Mikea?
February 26th, 2025
Täydennä lauseet yleispreesensillä.
1. sleeps; say
2. goes; are
3. cries; hurts
4. stays; knows
5. misses
6. are
7. do … fly; isn’t
8. doesn’t … eat; are
9 . don’t … sleep; are looking / look
10. does … live; lives; doesn’t take part
Teksti
Täydennä tarina vihjeiden mukaan.
1. lives
2. studies
3. enjoys
4. don’t have
5. hear
6. regrets
7. comes
8. believe
9. wants
10. doesn’t ...understand
11. prefers
12. has
13. doesn’t get up
14. owes
15. doesn’t feel
16. changes
17. never washes/does
18. takes
19. says
20. hurries/rushes
21. gets
22. watches
23. plays
24. Does this story sound
25. Do you have
26. live
27. don’t they change
28. live
29. don’t we all live
30. does anybody care
exercise 9 More advanced
Tulkitse englanniksi.
1. I wake up early, go downstairs and make a pot of coffee.
2. My brother makes us both breakfast as usual. / makes breakfast for both of us as usual.
3. “You aren’t late, are you?” he asks me.
4. When I get the plate in front of me, I start to eat / start eating immediately / right away.
5. My train leaves at seven, so I have to hurry (up) / rush.
6. I feel happy because it’s my birthday today.
March 3rd, 2025
KESTOPREESENS:
President Stubb is flying to Brussels next week. Presidentti stubb lentää Brysseliin ensi viikolla.
Kestopreesensillä voi viitat lähitulevaisuuteen.
Sg
1. I am living in Finland at the moment. = I'm living...
2. You are living here. = You're living...
3. Anssi is living in his mother's apartment. = Anssi's living...
Pl
1. We are living in Finland. = We're living...
2. You are studying English. = You're living...
3. They are eating. = They're eating.
What are you doing? = Mitä olet tekemässä?
I am studying. = Olen opiskelemassa
loppukonsonatti kahdentuue päätteen edellä:
put - putting
stop - stopping
ie muuttuu y:ksi seuraavilla kolmella verbillä:
lie: A dog is lying on the floor. = Koira makaa / makoilee lattialla.
tie: Akseli is tying his shoe laces. = Akseli on sitomassa / sitoo parhaillaan kengännauhojaan.
die: He is dying of cancer. = Hän on kuolemaisillaan syöpään.
dye: She is dyeing her hair. = Hän värjää hiuksiaan.
PANIC: He is panicking.
human trafficking = ihmiskauppa
frolic: He is frolicking. = Hän kirmailee.
cancel: cancelling (BrE) canceling (AmE)
Everybody knows him.
Why does everybody love him?
Why doesn't everybody love him?
...why she likes better to stay in... = she prefers to stay in...
He makes me breakfast.
He makes breakfast for me.
Why don't you make us coffee?
Why don't you make coffee for us?
AIKATAULUT:
yleispreesens
The train / bus leaves at 7 am.
The plane takes off at 8.15 am.
The English lesson starts at 6.40 pm.
March 5th, 2025
sleep, slept epäsäännöllinen verbi
3. YLEISIMPERFEKTI:
-ed on säännöllisten verbien pääte
to love:
I loved him. = Minä rakastin häntä. I didnt love him. = Minä en rakastanut häntä.
Did I love him? = Rakastinko minä häntä?
Didn't I love him? = Enkö minä rakastanut häntä?
wash: I washed the dishes. I didn't wash the dishes.
want / decide:
I wanted to go home. I didn't want to go home.
I decided to go home.
raise a child / raise a family: transitiiviverbi: saa objektin (objekti on tekemisen kohde)
He raised five children. He has raised a family.
NB! rise, rose, risen: The sun always rises in the east.
rise on intransitiiviverbi; ei saa koskaan objektia
KESTOPREESENS:
Look! tulee kestopreesens
It is raining cats and dogs. = It is raining heavily.
Teksti
Kesto- vai yleispreesens? Täydennä vihjeiden mukaan.
1. ’s raining
2. aren’t going
3. goes
4. doesn’t do; isn’t
5. don’t we have
6. ’s backing
7. look
8. Is it
9. doesn’t have
10. Am I seeing; is it
11. ’s waving; (can) see
exercise 14 page 215 More advanced
Käännä lauseet. Käytä yleis- tai kestopreesensiä.
1. Look. Deborah is winning the race.
2. Most seven-year-olds don’t believe in Father Christmas / Santa Claus.
3. Gary is staying/living with his friends until he finds his own flat/apartment.
4. Why do lessons always end so soon/quickly?
5. We usually take the train when we travel to visit Grandma in Helsinki.
6. Listen. Why is everybody lying to Rick? How embarrassing!
7. Three police cars are controlling the traffic on the motorway
March 10th, 2025
HW ex. 16 p. 225, ex. 17 p. 225. YLEISIMPERFEKTI
a) säännölliset verbit
b) epäsäännölliset verbit
-ed
(to) play
Singular
1. I played the piano when I was a child.
2. You played football yesterday.
3. He / she played the violin in the orchestra.
Plural
1. We played volleyball last week.
2. You played tennis last year.
3. They played chess.
ääntäminen:
1) soinnillisen äänteen jälkeen , -ed äännetään d:nä
(kaikki vokaalit ovat soinnillisia)
call, called
lean, leaned
2) wash / watch / stop
wash, washed
watch, watched
stop, stopped
soinnittoman äänteen jälkeen, -ed äännetään t:nä
3) want / decide
t:n ja d:n jälkeen, -ed äännetään id:nä
want, wanted
decide, decided
KIELLOT:
Sg
1. I didn't play the piano anymore.
2. You didn't play football last week.
3. He / she didn't play basketball in the USA.
Pl
1. We didn't play the cello when we were children.
2. You didn't play floorball last week.
3. They didn't play any instrument.
KYSYMYKSET:
Sg
1. Did I play tennis last year?
2. Did you play any instrument when you were a child?
3. Did he / she play basketball in Italy?
grow up
Pl
1. Did we play volleyball last year?
2. Did you play basketball yesterday?
3. Did they play football yesterday?
oikeinkirjoituksesta:
1. jos verbi e:hen, ei laiteta toista e:tä
hope, hoped
agree, agreed
2) jos verbi loppuu y:hyn, y muuttuu i:ksi ennen päätettä
hurry, hurried
study, studied
3.
panic, panicked
He panicked.
mimic, mimicked
frolic, frolicked
4. konsonatti kahdentuu
stop, stopped
regret, regretted
5.
cancel, canceled / cancelled
travel: AmE traveled, BrE travelled
EPÄSÄÄNNÖLLISET:
write, wrote
eat, ate
keep, kept
bring, brought
catch, caught
drink, drank
KAIKKI UUDEMMAT VERBIT OVAT AINA SÄÄNNÖLLISIÄ:
email, emailed
fall, fell = kaatua, / kaatuu, kaatui
a decade = ten years
a century = a hundred years
a millennium = a thousand years
Don't let me down.
south
north
west
east
northwest = luode
northeast = koillinen
southwest = lounas
southeast = kaakko
sleep, slept = nukkua / nukkuu, nukkui
March 10th, 2025
Mark the statements as true or false.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE. Kevin’s father was away in the southwestern parts of the USA for long periods of
time.
3. FALSE. Kevin’s aunt moved to Los Angeles to take care of Kevin and his brother and to
teach them Spanish.
4. TRUE
5. FALSE. Kevin had many opportunities to get to know his Mexican cultural heritage in the
US.
6. TRUE
7. TRUE.
8. FALSE. Latinx Americans are clearly disappointed when they find out Kevin can’t speak
Spanish.
2b
Spot the phrase.
1. grew up
2. by accident
3. for weeks at a time
4. at the time
5. over the past decade
6. in other words
7. in 2006
8. by 2015
9. I'm proud of my culture
10. was of the utmost importance
11. the uncomfortable silence that fell between my cousin and me
Teksti
Fill in the story according to the clues.
1. grew up
2. by accident
3. he was always proud of his culture
4. an uncomfortable silence could/would fall between him and his relatives
5. in 2007
6. At the time
7. for (several) weeks at a time
2d
Go through the word lists below and check the meaning of any unfamiliar words.
Then combine the words that have opposite or similar meanings.
Opposite meaning Similar meaning
monolingual bilingual career lifework
import export raise bring up
full time part time seem appear
essential unimportant anticipate expect
native foreign complicated complex
fill empty study research
shame pride opportunity chance
increase decline subtle delicate
overall specifically disappointment letdown
local international reveal expose
2e
Sofia is a 16-year-old student from Vaasa. - - Listen to her interview and answer
the questions in English.
1. Sofia will turn 17 soon; she plays volleyball (8 times a week); her family includes mom, dad,
little sister and a dog; her dad is bilingual and her mother is Finnish-speaking.
2. She speaks Swedish with her father’s relatives and she reads books in Swedish. She has
also studied in a Swedish school and has friends who speak Swedish.
3. She spoke a lot of Finnish daily and some of the subjects were challenging for her because
of the vocabulary (and the difficulties affected her motivation).
4. Sofia thinks it will help her get work and it is easier to talk to people.
5. It might be difficult to find hobbies or sports clubs that are for Swedish speakers
March 11th, 2025
DO-verbin käyttö:
- do = tehdä
- do = apuverbi, jota käytetään YLEISPREESENSISSÄ ja YLEISIMPERFEKTISSÄ: a) myönteisissä suorissa kysymyksissä, b) kielteisissä suorissa kysymyksissä ja c) kielloissa:
- Do you like English? = Pidätkö englannista?
Where do you live? = Missä Sinä asut?
Does Marc study English? = Opiskeleeko Marc englantia?
Where does he study English? = Missä hän opiskelee englantia?
- Don’t you like English? = Etkö Sinä pidä englannista?
Why don’t you live in Spain? = Miksi Sinä et asu Espanjassa?
Doesn’t Marc study English? = Eikö Marc opiskele englantia?
Why doesn’t he study English? = Miksi hän ei opiskele englantia?
- I don’t like this apartment. = En pidä tästä asunnosta.
Marc doesn’t study English. = Marc ei opiskele englantia.
NB! BE-verbin kanssa EI KÄYTETÄ do-apuverbiä myönteisissä suorissa kysymyksissa, kielteisissä suorissa kysymyksissä eikä kielloissa, vaan käytetään BE-verbiä itseään:
Are you American? = Oletko amerikkalainen?
Aren’t you British? = Etkö ole britti?
I am not Spanish. = I’m not Spanish. = En ole espanjalainen.
Marc is not Finnish. = Marc isn’t Finniosh. = Marc ei ole suomalainen.
YLEISIMPERFEKTI:
- Did you watch TV last night? = Katsoitko televisiota eilen illalla?
Why did you live in France in 2022? = Miksi asuit Ranskassa vuonna 2022?
Did Marc live in Spain in 2023? = Asuiko Marc Espanjassa vuonna 2023?
Where did he live in 2024? = Missä hän asui vuonna 2024?
- Didn’t you like American English? = Etkö pitänyt amerikanenglannista?
Why didn’t you like British English? = Miksi et pitänyt brittienglannista?
Didn’t Linda study law? = Eikö Linda opiskellut lakia?
Why didn’t she study medicine? = Miksi hän ei opiskellut lääketiedettä?
- I didn’t like the apartment. = En pitänyt
Linda didn’t study Spanish last year. = Linda ei opiskellut espanjaa viime vuonna.
Kun kysytään: What do you do now? = Mitä Sinä teet nyt?, ensimmäinen do on apuverbi, jota on käytettävä YLEISPREESENSISSÄ, ja toinen do on merkitystä kantava, leksikaalinen do, joka merkitsee tehdä.
Kun kysytään: What does he do now? = Mitä hän tekee nyt?, does on apuverbi, joka taipuu subjektin he mukaisesti (yksikön 3. persoona), ja toinen do on merkitystä kantava leksikaalinen do, joka merkitsee tehdä.
Kun kysytään: What did he do yesterday? = Mitä hän teki eilen?, ensimmäinen do on muodossa did ja se on apuverbi, joka näyttää, että kyseessä on mennyt aikamuoto eli YLEISIMPERFEKTI. Jälkimmäinen do on merkitystä kantava leksikaalinen verbi, joka tarkoittaa tehdä.
Jos kysymyssana (who, what, which) on SUBJEKTI kysymyksessä tai subjektin läheinen määre, do-apuverbiä ei käytetä.
Who broke the window? = Kuka rikkoi ikkunan?
What happened? = Mitä tapahtui?
Which of you broke the window? = Kuka / Kumpi teistä rikkoi ikkunan?
How many people lost their lives in the accident ?= Kuinka monta ihmistä menetti henkensä onnettomuudessa?
DO-verbi sanonnoissa:
- (to) do one’s homework = tehdä läksynsä
I always do my homework. = Minä teen aina läksyni.
Matti often does his homework. = Matti tekee usein läksynsä.
He did his homework yesterday. = Hän teki läksynsä eilen.
- (to) do a favour = tehdä palvelus
Please, do me a favour. = Tee minulle palvelus, ole hyvä.
- (to) do one’s duty = tehdä velvollisuutensa
We must do our duty. = Meidän täytyy tehdä velvollisuutemme.
- (to) do one’s best
Do your best and leave the rest. = Tee parhaasi ja unohda loput asiat.
- do one’s share = tehdä osuutensa
Linda must do her share. = Lindan täytyy tehdä osuutensa.
There is always someone who doesn’t do their share.
= Aina on joku, joka ei tee osuuttaan.
- (to) do the room(s) = siivota
The janitor empties the bins and does the rooms. = Talonmies tyhjentää roska-astiat ja siivoaa huoneet.
- (to) do time = slang = olla vankilassa
He did some time for drug dealing. = Hän oli vankilassa , koska välitti huumeita.
- (to) do drugs = käyttää huumeita
Unfortunately, he does drugs. Ikävä kyllä, hän käyttää huumeita.
March 12th, 2025
bullying = kiusaaminen
He was a bully. = Hän oli kiusaaja.
(to) bully = kiusata
He bullied other students.
sexual harassment = seksuaalinen häirintä
(to) harass = häiritä
4. KESTOIMPERFEKTI
was / were + -ing
Sg
1. I was teaching.
2. You were studying.
3. He was swimming. She was doing her homework.
It was raining.
Pl
1. We were sleeping.
2. You were running.
3. They were writing.
KIELTO:
I was not sleeping. I wasn't sleeping.
You were not studying. You weren't studying.
KYSYMYS:
Were you sleeping? = Olitko nukkumassa?
KIELTEISKYSYMYS:
Weren't you sleeping?
kestomuoto taustoittaa:
We were watching TV when the fire broke out. = Me olimme katsomassa TV:tä, kun tulipalo syttyi.
I was walking home when I heard the news. = Olin kävelemässä kotiin, kun kuulin uutiset.
pay, paid
say, said
lay, laid
catch, caught
teach, taught
think, thought
give, gave
bathe, bathed = kylpeä, kylpi
a bath: Take a bath. = Mene kylpyyn.
Teksti
2. died; buried
3. taught; stopped
4. paid, caught,
5. went yelled, broke
6. thought said;
7. didn’t know;
8. were gave;
9. zipped
17 Muuta lauseet imperfektiin parisi kanssa.
+15 °C The Spanish wore gloves and winter coats. Finns sunbathed.
+10 °C The French put central heating on. Finns planted flowers.
+5 °C Italians didn’t like the weather anymore. Finns drove convertibles.
0 °C The Portuguese brought in their goats. Finns stopped wearing shades.
−5 °C Californians posted about the freaky weather on Facebook. The Finnish midsummer festival ended.
−10 °C The Scottish turned the heat on in their houses. Finns started to wear long sleeved shirts.
−20 °C Swedes stayed indoors whenever possible. Finns had the last barbecue before winter.
−30 °C Half of the Greek population bought extra heaters to warm their homes. Finns didn’t dry their laundry outdoors anymore.
−50 °C Polar bears left the North Pole and swam to Tahiti. The Finnish cub scouts decided it was time to go camping. −70 °C Siberian people moved to Moscow. Finns were furious since the heating costs rose quite a bit.
−273 °C Absolute zero. Finns took out their beanies.
−300 °C Hell froze over. Finland won the FIFA World Cup.
March 17th, 2025
exercise 23 Vertaa seuraavia lauseita ja selitä suomeksi parillesi, miten niiden merkitys eroaa.
1a Kun Marge tuli kotiin, olimme syömässä illallista.
– Olimme illallispöydässä, kun Marge tuli.
1b Kun Marge tuli kotiin, söimme illallista. – Aloimme syödä illallista kun Marge tuli.
2a Mitä sinä teit? – Mitä sait valmiiksi?
2b Mitä sinä olit tekemässä? – Mihin käytit aikaasi?
3a Päivä oli pimenemässä – Korostetaan asteittaista muutosta.
3b Tuli pimeää. – Korostaa lopputulosta.
exercise 24 Käännä englanniksi käyttäen joko yleis- tai kestoimperfektiä.
1. The wind was already rising / getting stronger.
2. Luckily I wasn’t out running when the storm started/began.
3. Were you standing under a tree when the lightning struck?
4. Did you realize what was happening around you then?
5. Your sister was already waiting by/at the hospital door when the ambulance brought you in/there.
6. Your parents were living / lived in Berlin at the time.
7. They were waiting for information on how you were doing.
8. Luckily / Fortunately you were already getting better / recovering / on the mend.
exercise 25 Täydennä suomenkielisten vihjeiden perusteella verbit oikeassa muodossa.
1. was reading, heard
2. fell, was hanging
3. screamed, fell
4. was chasing, happened / took place
5. were you doing
6. was watching
7. thought, heard
8. sounded, was trying
9. met
10. was wearing / wore, looked
11. understood, were talking, discussing
12. did…buy, did…cost
13. talked/spoke
14. was, were, were taking pictures/photos/photographs
15. saw didn’t recognize
16. was always calling
Teksti
see, saw, seen
grow, grew, grown
do, did, done
be up to, was / were up to, been up to
choose, chose, chosen
bullying = kiusaaminen
He was a bully. = Hän oli kiusaaja.
(to) bully = kiusata
He bullied other students.
sexual harassment = seksuaalinen häirintä
(to) harass = häiritä
strike, struck, struck
bring, brought, brought
hear, heard, heard
fall, fell, fallen
think, thought, thought
meet, met, met
understand, understood, understood
see, saw, seen
5. yleisperfekti
have / has + teeman 3. muoto
win, won, won
run, ran, run
lose, lost, lost
Sg
1. I have loved you. = I've loved you.
2. You have loved me. = You've loved me.
3. He has loved his family. = He's loved his family.
Pl
1. We have loved our country. = We've loved our country.
2. You have loved your country. = You've loved your country.
3. They have loved their country. = They've loved their country.
KIELTO:
I haven't visited Australia. = I have not visited Australia.
Kysymys:
Have you visited New Zealand? = Oletko käynyt UudessaSeelannissa?
Kielteiskysyvä:
Haven't you visited Australia? = Etkö ole käynyt Australiassa?
March 19th, 2025
in the mid-19th century
= in the mid-1800s
on TV
on television
on telly
Mom
Dad
feel like = fancy
travelled (BrE) / traveled (AmE)
my Dad would read...
my Dad was in the habit of reading
my Dad had a habit of reading...
my Dad usually read...
read, read, read
red = punainen
I was born in Joensuu.
Where were you born?
bullied
mocked
The Swan Lake by Pjotr Tchaikovsky
Teksti
have / has + BEEN + -ing
Sg
1. I have been loving you all my life.
2. You have been loving me all your life.
3. Matti / He has been loving Anni all his life.
Pl
1. We have been loving our country.
2. You have been loving your country.
3. They have been loving their country.
NB!
yleisperfekti: My neighbour has painted his house. Naapurini on maalannut talonsa. loppuun asti tehty
kestoperfekti: My neighbour has been painting his house. = Naapurini on maalaillut / maalannut taloaan. ei ole tehty loppuun asti
I have read Hamlet. = Olen lukenut Hamletin.
I have been reading Hamlet. = Olen lueskellut / lukenut Hamletia.
Teksti
1. didn’t like
2. forced her to work / made her work
3. gave
4. didn’t give
5. ended
6. ran
7. Didn’t she leave
8. searched
9. found
10. fit
11. lived
12. did you know
13. changed
14. didn’t fit
15. cut
16. described
17. Did you think
18. was
19. realized
20. loved
21. dug
22. didn’t stay
exercise 21 More advanced Käännä englanniksi.
1. When I was little, my dad used to read me the story of the Ugly Duckling.
2. The Ugly Duckling wasn’t born into the right family.
3. The other ducks didn’t play with it but teased and made fun of it as a child / as a chick.
5. Every time / Whenever something bad happened, it was the Ugly Duckling’s fault.
6. Why did I like the story when I was young?
7. Maybe/Perhaps I wanted to turn into / become a beautiful swan like the Ugly Duckling.
Teksti
1. Teams played American football for the first time in the mid-19th century.
2. The rules used to be almost the same as in European football / soccer.
3. When the Super Bowl was on (tv), all the men in the family used to watch the game all afternoon.
4. While the men were watching the game, Mum was usually in the kitchen preparing dinner.
5. Didn’t they realize that Mum was always hoping / always hoped to get help in the kitchen?
Teksti
1. Have you bought
2. bought
3. Did you buy
4. haven’t felt like
5. spent
6. moved;
7. thought
8. haven’t you missed
9. travelled;
10. have missed
March 24th, 2025
a barrel = tynnyri
a barrow = kärry
hide, hid, hidden
7. YLEISPLUSKVAMPERFEKTI
had + teeman 3. muoto
Sg
1. I had loved him. = Olin rakastanut häntä.
2. You had loved her.
3. He / She had loved me.
Pl
1. We had loved our relatives.
2. You had loved your school.
3. They had loved us.
8. KESTOPLUSKVAMPERFEKTI
had + BEEN + -ing
Sg
1. I had been loving you all my life.
2. You had been loving me all your life.
3. He / She had been loving us.
Pl
1. We had been loving our Mom.
2. You had been loving your country.
3.They had been loving their parents.
After I had taken a shower, I went to school.
After I had eaten, I went to the gym.
early, earlier, the earliest
lately = recently
the Ivy League: Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Princeton University, Yale University, University of Pennsylvania
think, thought, thought
teach, taught, taught
take, took, taken
say, said, said
15. ¨Haven't you made up your mind yet?¨
= Haven't you decided yet?
19. Haven't you heard of Princeton before?
hear, heard, heard
yleisperfekti: I have studied English for many years.
kestoperfekti: I have been studying English for many years.
yleisperfekti: Matti has played football for many years.
kestoperfekti: Matti has been playing football for many years.
Teksti
exercise 33 Ilmaise englanniksi parisi kanssa. Käytä perfektin yleis- tai kestomuotoa.
1. Oh no! I think I’ve broken my sister’s new sunglasses.
2. Why on earth haven’t you said anything about it before? She will be angry at/with you.
3. How long have you been waiting for a (vacant) table?
4. Almost thirty minutes. This restaurant has never been as popular as it is now.
5. I’m sorry that I haven’t been to see you lately.
6. That’s ok. I’ve been working very hard all the time, too.
7. What have you been doing since I last saw you?
8. My boyfriend and I have been travelling the world. We have been to Sweden and Norway.
9. Mark is studying engineering. He has been doing practical training for the past three weeks.
10. He has loved every minute of it.
11. No wonder he has even been talking / has even talked about building bridges in his sleep.
12. You look / are looking tired and dirty. What have you been doing / What have you been up to?
13. I’ve been working in the garden.
14. Haven’t we already been driving for three hours?
15. At least three. Why haven’t we taken/had a break yet?
Muodosta annetusta verbistä joko yleis- tai kestoperfekti, niin että se sopii tarinaan.
1. hasn’t visited
2. have been writing / have written
3. haven’t…had
4. has…started
5. has been
6. has proven/proved
7. have been
8. have…thought
9. has missed / has been missing
10. have decided
11. have taken / have been taking
12. hasn’t enrolled
13. hasn’t said / been saying
14. hasn’t wanted
15. Haven’t made
16. has… lived / been living
17. has been able to
18. have…allowed
19. Haven’t…heard
exercise 35 More advanced Käännä.
1. I have been trying to call you for hours.
2. Why have you been avoiding me?
3. How many months has it been already?
4. Why haven’t we thought of this before?
5. Have I seen you here before?
6. Haven’t you been too busy lately?
7. Everybody/everyone has had / has been having a good time in the new school.
March 26th, 2025
on one's own= omillaan
She lived on her own.
a loo (BrE)
a lavatory
a WC = a water closet
a bathroom (AmE)
a restroom
an apartment
a flat
a condo(minium)
revel in s-g = enjoy s-g
a landlord
a landlady
chores
get rid of s-g
TAG QUESTIONS:
It was warm today, wasn't it?
He doesn't live in Finland, does he?
Marc has studied French, hasn't he?
Matti can swim, can't he?
Mary will come to Finland, won't she?
Let's go home, shall we?
You are Finnish, aren't you?
I am Finnish, aren't I?
Everybody goes home, don't they?
humiliate (v.) = nöyryyttää
Yleisimperfekti: I went home.
Kestoimperfekti: I was going home.
Yleispluskvamperfekti: I had gone home.
Kestopluskvamperfekti: I had been going home.
Yleisimperfekti: He tried hard.
Kestoimperfekti: He was trying hard.
Yleispluskvamperfekti: He had tried hard.
Kestopluskvamperfekti: He had been trying hard.
The sooner, the better.
The older, the wiser.
I used to go to the gym five times a week.
He has a four-week holiday.
I have an eight-week holiday / vacation.
She has a five-year-old son / daughter.
I read a 900-page book.
3. all alone = all on his own = all by himself
friendly = kind
easy, easier, the easiest
a peer = ikätoveri
a pear = päärynä
Teksti
a dormitory = a dorm = makuusali; opiskelija-asuntola
a pillow = tyyny (jota käytät öisin)
my folks = my parents
It's been ...= It has been ...
I'd better try to make an effort. = I had better try to make an effort.
I had better go home now. = Minun olisi parasta mennä kotiin nyt.
He'd disinherit us. = He would disinherit us.
Let's try. = Let us try.
will not = won't
keep vampires at bay = pitää vampyyrit loitolla
Stay at home if you are sick, will you?
Teksti
1. had
2. had filled
3. (had) checked
4. thought
5. was
6. turned down / rejected / said no to
7. was going
8. stopped
9. had to stop
10. had been trying / had tried
11. decided
12. happened
13. arrived
14. was wearing
15. had threatened
16. tried / attempted
17. was standing / stood
18. moved
19. hadn’t I thought / didn’t I think
20. wondered / was wondering
21. took
22. cleaned
23. put/placed
24. had been standing
25. had fixed
26. hadn’t decided
27. looked
Teksti
1. as they made their way down the aisle
2. he was all on his own
3. behavior that increased one’s popularity
4. the bigger the character you are, the higher up you are
5. it used to be the case
6. a wide variety of clothing styles
7. an ordinary and valued way of life'
8. In the last week of the summer term
9. a five-day holiday
10. popularity is achieved by including peers
11. as ways of feeling good about themselves
exercise 4c Fill in the missing words and phrases.
1. the last week
2. five-year-old boy
3. all on his own / all by himself
4. the younger
5. the easier
6. It used to be
7. achieved by being friendly
8. feel good about themselves
March 31st, 2025
1. We’re turning left here, aren’t we?
2. It’s been a long time since we visited my uncle Vlad, hasn’t it?
3. He never leaves his castle, does he?
4. You don’t feel comfortable there, do you?
5. He’s really scary, isn’t he?
6. You’ve never really recovered from the visit, have you?
7. I was really mad at the time, wasn’t I?
8. My uncle has never really got used to visitors, has he?
9. He should try to live more in this world, shouldn’t he?
10. His family have always been like that, haven’t they?
11. They never care what the others are saying about them, do they?
12. We’d have been able to say no this time, too, wouldn’t we?
13. Still, I’d better try to make an effort, hadn’t I?
14. He’d disinherit us in a blink of an eye, wouldn’t he?
15. Somebody will want to inherit his castle anyway, won’t they?
16. Let’s try to stick this visit out, shall we?
17. At least we’ll be the only relatives there, won’t we?
18. So, don’t forget to think about the inheritance, will you?
19. We don’t know if any of the neighbours have been invited, do we
20. I think they are after the castle, aren’t they?
21. Thank goodness we don’t have to be alone with my uncle anyway, do we?
22. Anybody would agree, wouldn’t they?
23. I’m making you nervous, aren’t I?
24. He won’t try to bite us this time, will he?
25. Just read the instructions on how to keep vampires at bay, will you? 8
Teksti
a dormitory = a dorm = makuusali; opiskelija-asunto
a pillow = tyynyt (jolla nukut öisin)
my folks = my parents
It's been ...= It has been ...
I'd better try to make an effort. = I had better try to make an effort.
I had better go home now. = Minun olisi parasta mennä kotiin nyt.
He'd disinherit us. = He would disinherit us.
Let's try. = Let us try. = Yrittäkäämme.
will not = won't
keep vampires at bay = pitää vampyyrit loitolla
Stay at home if you are sick, will you?
April 2nd, 2025
a greedy nuisance = ahne kiusankappale
a pest = tuhoeläin
stingy = saita; kitsas; itara
crunchy = esim. rapea
a dormitory = a dorm
Teksti
1. popularity
2. peers
3. wear
4. characteristic
5. consider
6. variety
7. matter
8. Bullying
9. include
10. support
Extra words: expect, ordinary, valued
Teksti
1.on my own
2. at an unreasonable time
3. I was living the dream
4. I reveled in it
5. insisted on having his rent every week
6. my folks came over
7. to see how I was getting on
exercise 5c
STEP 1. With the help of the previous exercise, fill in the missing phrases according to the clues.
1. to live on my own
2. has always suited your nature
3. I can head straight for the table
4. have been living the single person’s dream
5. to take up interesting new hobbies
6. have always insisted on paying
7. do you promise to come over
8. to check how you are getting on
exercise 5d Find the words in the text that have the same (synonyms) or opposite (antonyms) meanings as the following adjectives.
SYNONYM
nasty
greedy
huge
instant
individual
tender
ANTONYM
plump
eedless
protective
particular
jealous
daft
Teksti
1. My roommate insists that we do all the chores/housework on Saturdays.
2. I didn’t realize that I was living my dream.
3. The man next door took up / started sailing, and now his boat is (like) a home (away) from home for him.
4. My brother came over yesterday and headed straight for the fridge/refrigerator.
5. Our landlord is a greedy pest!
Teksti
myönteinen:
(to) take up
I take up bowling.
You take up reading
Matti takes up running.
kielteinen:
I do not take up bowling. = I don't take up bowling.
You do not take up reading. = You don't take up reading.
Matti does not take up running. = Matti doesn't take up running.
kysymys:
Do I take up bowling?
Do you take up reading?
Does Matti take up running?
kielteiskysyvä:
Don't I take up bowling?
Don't you take up reading?
Doesn't Matti take up running?
2. KESTOPREESENS:
am / are / is + -ing-muoto
myönteinen:
I am taking up bowling. = I'm taking up bowling.
You are taking up reading. = You're taking up reading.
Matti is taking up running. = Matti's taking up running.
kielteinen:
I am not taking up bowling. = I'm not taking up bowling.
You are not taking up reading. You aren't taking up reading.
Matti is not taking up running. = Matti isn't taking up running.
kysyvä:
Am I taking up bowling?
Are you taking up reading?
Is Matti taking up running?
kielteiskysyvä:
Am I not taking up bowling?
Aren't you taking up reading?
Isn't Matti taking up running?
3. YLEISIMPERFEKTI:
take, took, taken
myönteinen:
I took up bowling.
You took up reading.
Matti took up running.
kielteinen:
I did not take up bowling. = I didn't take up bowling.
You did not take up reading. = You didn't take up reading.
Matti did not take up running. = Matti didn't take up running.
kysyvä:
Did I take up bowling?
Did you take up reading?
Did Matti take up running?
kielteiskysyvä:
Didn't I take up bowling?
Didn't you take up reading?
Didn't Matti take up running?
4. KESTOIMPERFEKTI
was / were + -ing
myönteinen:
I was taking up bowling.
You were taking up reading.
Matti was taking up running.
kielteinen:
I was not taking up bowling. = I wasn't taking up bowling.
You were not taking up reading. = You weren't taking up reading.
Matti was not taking up running. = Matti wasn't taking up running.
kysyvä:
Was I taking up bowling?
Were you taking up reading?
Was Matti taking up running?
kielteiskysyvä:
Wasn't I taking up bowling?
Weren't you taking up reading?
Wasn't Matti taking up running?
5. YLEISPERFEKTI
HAVE / HAS + teeman 3. muoto
take, took, taken
myönteinen:
I have taken up bowling. = I've taken up bowling.
You have taken up reading. = You've taken up reading.
Matti has taken up running. = Matti's taken up running.kielteinen:
I have not taken up bowling.= I haven't taken up bowling.
You have not taken up reading. = You haven't taken up reading.
Matti has not taken up running. = Matti hasn't taken up running.
kysyvä:
Have I taken up bowling?
Have you taken up reading?
Has Matti taken up running?kielteiskysyvä:Haven't I taken up bowling?
Haven't you taken up reading?
Hasn't Matti taken up running?
6. KESTOPERFEKTI
have / has + BEEN + -ing
myönteinen:
I have been taking up bowling.
You have been taking up reading.
Matti has been taking up running.
kielteinen:
I have not been taking up bowling. = I haven't been taking up bowling.
You have not been taking up reading. = You haven't been taking up reading.
Matti has not been taking up running. = Matti hasn't been taking up running.
kysyvä:
Have I been taking up bowling?
Have you been taking up reading?
Has Matti been taking up running?
kielteiskysyvä:
Haven't I been taking up bowling?
Haven't you been taking up reading?
Hasn't Matti been taking up running?
7. YLEISPLUSKVAMPERFEKTI
had + teeman 3. muoto
myönteinen:
I had taken up bowling. = I'd taken up bowling.
You had taken up reading. =You'd taken up reading.
Matti had taken up running.
kielteinen:I had not taken up bowling. = I hadn't taken up bowling.
You had not taken up reading. = You hadn't taken up reading.
Matti had not taken up running. = Matti hadn't taken up running.
kysyvä:
Had I taken up bowling?
Had you taken up reading?
Had Matti taken up running?
kielteiskysyvä:
Hadn't I taken up bowling?
Hadn't you taken up reading?
Hadn't Matti taken up running?
8. KESTOPLUSKVAMPERFEKTI
had + BEEN + -ing
myönteinen:
I had been taking up bowling. = I'd been taking up bowling.
You had been taking up reading. = You'd been taking up reading.
Matti had been taking up running.
kielteinen:
I had not been taking up bowling. = I hadn't been taking up bowling.
You had not been taking up reading. = You hadn't been taking up reading.
Matti had not been taking up running. = Matti hadn't been taking up running.
kysyvä:
Had I been taking up bowling?
Had you been taking up reading?
Had Matti been taking up running?
kielteiskysyvä:
Hadn't I been taking up bowling?
Hadn't you been taking up reading?
Hadn't Matti been taking up running?