8.3 Predators

Predators are animals that use other animals as their food source. They are second degree consumers


A bear and wolves devouring a carcass of a dead animal.

The best-known forest-dwelling predators are mammals, such as the wolf, the wolverine, the bear, and the fox. Wolves and wolverines are carnivores, whose diet consists completely of other vertebratic animals. In contrast, bears and foxes are omnivores that also eat plant parts such as berries and seeds.

Forests are also home to various predator birds, such as hawks, eagles, and owls. They can be carnivores whose their diet consists of small mammals or other birds. There are also some omnivorous bird species. For example, the hooded crow can eat other birds, but will also eat berries and seeds.


The fox is an omnivorous predator: it can eat other animals as well as plant parts, such as berries.