asylum seeker
A person that has applied for a right of permanent residence in another country based on their need to be protected from a threat in their homeland..

biofuel
A fuel made from biomass (parts of plants, animals, fungi, or microbes). Examples include biogas and biodiesel.

birth rate
The number of people born during a certain time period in a specific area per thousand inhabitants.  

business center
The center of a city consisting mainly of services and office buildings. Has good accessibility and high land prices.

carbon footprint
The amount of greenhouse gases released by a product or service during its life span. Carbon footprints can be calculated for individual products, services, actions, or consumers.

circular economy
A type of economic system where the efficient use and recycling of materials lowers the need for the acquisition of new natural resources.

ecological sustainability
Human activity that does not overstep the carrying capacity of the environment and leaves natural resources for the following generations is considered economically sustainable.

general development plan
A large-scale municipal development plan.

natural population growth
The birth rate reduced by the mortality rate.

refugee
A person that has to leave their homeland because of a conflict, epidemic, or natural catastrophe.

segregation
The inequal concentration of people in different areas of the city.

the primary sector
The sector of the economy that concentrates on the primary production of goods and resources. Includes agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining.

urban area development plan
The most precise development plan type. Determines what kinds of things can be built on a certain area.

urbanization
A phenomenon where the number of people living in urban areas increases over time. Urbanization can often result in social, economic, and technological changes in the population.