​​Geography is a science that studies various regional phenomena connected to natural and human activity. In addition, geographers focus on examining the relationship between nature and humanity. For example, a geographer can study things like earthquakes, the effects of volcanic activity on the environment, the process of city growth and the spread of epidemics. 

Geographers are interested in answering the question "why?":

• Why does the climate of our planet become warmer?
• Why do cities grow?
• Why are earthquakes concentrated to specific areas on the planet?

Usually, geographers also answer the questions "where?" and "what?" by describing the vegetation, terrain, and human population of specific areas. For example, a geographer can describe the climate, topography, vegetation, animal species, and human population of the Peruvian Andes, and follow how these things change and develop over time. 

Geographic information can be applied to many important projects. For example, geographic data helps us to plan cities, traffic systems, neighborhoods and waste management systems.

Geographers use various tools to study the planet's natural and human phenomena. The most important of these tools are the various kinds of maps that are used to present the regional variation and development of phenomena. For example, a population density map illustrates the variation in population density in a certain area. In addition to maps, geographers also use a variety of different photographs, diagrams, and illustrations to present and study various phenomena.