Text 5 The ubiquitous woman
Engage
Go through the list of words with your partner. Explain all the words you know and check the
meaning of any words that are new to you.
CERVIX is the narrow end at the opening of a woman's uterus (kohdunkaula).
TUMOR is a mass of tissue found in or on the body that is made up of abnormal cells (kasvain).
CELL is the smallest structural unit of a living thing, together cells form all living things (solu).
DIAGRAM is a line drawing made for mathematical or scientific purposes (diagrammi).
IN VITRO FERTILIZATION is the fertilization of an egg (munasolu) in a laboratory
dish or test tube (keinohedelmöitys).
MITOSIS is a process of cell division in which two new nuclei are formed (solunjakautuminen).
EMBRYO is a human or animal in the early stages of development before it is born (alkio).
GENE MAPPING is used to identify and record the location of genes and the distances between
genes on a chromosome (geenikartoitus).
IMMORTAL is something that lives forever (kuolematon).
5a
Come up with questions for these answers based on the text.
(Suggested)
1. What kind of a woman can you see in the picture?
2. What is HeLa?
3. What happened to Henrietta’s cells after her death?
4. How many of Henrietta’s cells are alive today?
5. How did the writer find out about HeLa cells?
6. What happens in mitosis?
7. When can cancer occur?
8. Why do we still have Henrietta’s cells?
9. What is special about Henrietta’s cells?
10. What is contradictory about Henrietta and her cells?
5c
Spot the phrase. How were these phrases expressed in the text?
1. the late 1940s
2. reached the age of thirty
3. hundreds of times
4. what kind of life she led
5. advances in medicine
6. spanning more than 350 million feet
7. a bit over five feet tall
8. I first learned about
9. every twenty-four hours
10. millions... of Henrietta’s cells
11. in small vials on ice
12. one of the most important things
13. in the last hundred years
14. in one fast swipe
15. students filed out of the room
16. There has to be more to the story.
5d
Use the phrases from the previous exercise to complete the sentences. You might have to
change them a little.
Lou Gehrig's disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is 1. {{one of the most famous}}
diseases named after a celebrity. He played for the New York Yankees major league baseball team
from 1923 to 1939, his career 2. {{spanning more than 2100}} consecutive games. He set several
records and was adored by fans, but by 3. {{the late 1930s}} it was obvious something was wrong.
He had hit that ball 4. {{hundreds of times}} but in 1938 his batting average fell significantly. He
grew weak and sluggish and he played his last game on April 29, 1939. That’s when 5. {{many
Americans first learned about ALS.}} He died before he 6. {{had reached the age of forty.}}
Although 7. {{there have been significant advances in medicine}}, especially 8. {{in the last 20
years}}, there is still no cure for this disease.
5e
Fill in with a word from the list in its right form.
1. The police haven’t {{identified}} the victim yet.
2. That somebody can be so cruel to animals is just {{inconceivable}}.
3. I {{estimate/calculate}} that it will take us about three hours to finish this.
4. Do you know how to {{calculate/estimate}} the area of a square?
5. Haven’t you noticed what’s going on – are you completely {{oblivious}}?
6. Many cultures believe that people have {{immortal}} souls.
7. That looks like a very {{vicious}} infection; you’ll have to get antibiotics.
8. If you try to {{suppress}} your anger for too long, you’ll eventually lose your temper.
9. That’s a nasty looking cut; it’ll take a while to {{heal}}.
10. Animal hair and even cat saliva can {{trigger}} an asthma attack.
5h
Watch the video and choose the best alternative according to what you hear.
1.B, 2. A, 3. C, 4. C

DIY
Craig from England is 6 ft. 1 tall, weighs 15 stone and lives 7 miles from the centre of the
city. Cathy from the US is 5 ft. 8 tall, weighs 159 lb. and lives just 200 yds. from her best friend’s
house. Use conversion charts to express the same information in centimeters, kilograms,
kilometers and meters.
Craig 185 cm, 95 kg, 11,3 km
Cathy 173 cm, 72 kg, 183 m