HW ex. 9 p. 155, ex. 11 p. 156, ex. 13 p. 158

Islam / Judaism / Christianity / Buddhism / Hinduism

take for granted
Many Finnish people took good health care for granted.

a veterinarian
a vetenary surgeon

3. MUST = täytyy; on pakko; pitää; on varmaankin
on preesens ja futuuri
I must go now.
I must go to the dentist tomorrow.
NB! You mustn't smoke on school premises. = Koulun alueella EI SAA POLTTAA.

korvaava:
1. (to) have to do s-g:
1. preesens
I must go.  I have to go.
2. imperfekti
I had to go yesterday.
3. perfekti
I have had to go.
4. pluskvamperfekti
I had had to go.
5. I futuuri
I will have to go to the dentist tomorrow.  I must go...
6. I konditionaali
I would have to go.
7. II kond.
I would have had to go.

muita korvaavia muotoja:
2. be forced
He was forced to leave the country.
3. be compelled
The president was compelled to resign.
4. be obliged
I feel I am obliged to stay with him.
5. be to
The president is to give a speech.
What am I to do with my life?
6. it's necessary for s-b to do s-g
It has always been necessary for  me to have a job.

ERIKOISMERKITYS:
puhujan arvelu:
Matti must be sick. = Matti on varmaankin sairas.
I haven't seen Matti for weeks.
Matti must have been sick. = Matti on varmaankin ollut sairas.
KIELTO:
Matti can't be sick. I just saw him a minute ago and he was as fit as a fiddler / as right as rain.
Matti can't have been sick because he is never sick.

Aira Samulin has had to walk 10 kilometres.
Aira Samulin must have walked 10 kilometres.