April 22nd, 2025
HW: The Luddites: B, C & D
Matthew's friend has succeeded in achieving and keeping his ideal body weight.Ayers Rock = Uluru
the Industrial Revolution
the Stone Age
the Bronze Age
the Renaissance
the Baroque
a plaque = rutto
a pest
a threshold = kynnys
lie, lay, lain = olla; sijaita; INTRANSITIIVIVERBI (= ei koskaan saa objektia)
lying: The dog was lying on the floor.
Hanko lies south to Helsinki. = Hanko sijaitsee Helsingistä etelään.
lay, laid, laid = asettaa; panna; TRANSITIIVIVERBI (= saa objektin)
lay the table = kattaa pöytä; She laid the table for us.
lay eggs = munia munia: Heidi and Rebecca have chickens and they lay eggs just about every day.
vaccinate (v.) = rokottaa
vaccination (n.) = rokottaminen
a vaccine (n.) = rokoteEHTOVIRKKEET I - III:
1. Jos minä juoksen, minä laihdun.
If I go running / I run, I'll lose / will lose weight.
if-lauseessa l. ehtoa ilmaisevassa sivulauseessa: yleispreesens
päälauseessa: I futuuri: will + verbin infinitiivi (perusmuoto)
2. Jos minä juoksisin, minä laihtuisin.
If I went running / I ran, I would lose / I'd lose weight.
if-lauseessa: imperfekti
päälauseessa: I konditionaali: would + verbin infinitiivi
3. Jos minä olisin juossut, olisin laihtunut.
If I had gone running / had run, I would have lost weight.
I would've lostif-lauseessa: pluskvamperfekti (had + teeman 3. muoto)
päälauseessa: II konditionaali (would + have + teeman 3. muoto)
Jos minä olisin Sinä, en sanoisi mitään.
If I were you, I wouldn't say anything.
NB!
1. If somebody should call me while I am gone, please tell them that I'll be back on Monday.
= Should somebody call me...
2. If I had known her better, I wouldn't have trusted her.= Had I known her better, ...
3. If a serious crisis were to arise, the government should act swiftly.= Were a serious crisis to arise, the government should act swiftly.
II futuuri: will + have + teeman 3. muoto
By Thursday Hjallis will have reached Sydney.
By tomorrow morning you will have heard all my secrets.
FUTUURISTA:
1. kun puhut tulevasta, käytä I futuuria:
What will you do tomorrow?
I will listen I'll listen to Johann Sebastian Bach.
2. ei futuuria:
I'll love you as long as I live.
Matti will call me as soon as he comes from Ireland.
Once they hear his name, they will not say a word.
He will stay here until I tell me to go.
AIKAA ILMAISEVISSA SIVULAUSEISSA ei koskaan futuuria vaan PREESENS
1. after = sen jälkeen
2. as = kun
3. as long as = niin kauan kuin
4. as soon as = niin pian kuin
5. before = ennen kuin
6. by-lauseet
7. once = heti kun
8. until = till = kunnes
9. when = kun
10. while = sillä aikaa kun
6. By the time you get up, he will be gone.
3. EHTOA ILMAISEVISSA SIVULAUSEISSA ei ole futuuria
If you help me, I'll help you.
He'll come if he has time.
We'll go on a picnic if it doesn't rain.
= We'll go on a picnic unless it rains.
He'll move to Australia provided / providing he gets a visa.
He'll come here in case something terrible happens here.