HW ex. 9 p. 155, ex. 11 p. 156, ex. 13 p. 158

HW for Monday January 20th, 2025: ex. 4A.b p. 35 & ex. 4 A.c p. 35 & ex. 4A.d p. 35

dedicate one's life to s-g
Mother Theresa dedicated her life to helping the poor and the less fortunate in Calcutta, India.

empower (v.)
empowerment (n.)

an NGO = (a) charity

3. MUST = täytyy; on pakko
= preesens & futuuri
mustn't = EI SAA
You mustn't lean towards the doors.
You mustn't smoke in school premises.
KORVAAVA MUOTO: (to) have to do s-g
1. preesens
I have to go now.  I must go now.
2. imperfekti
I had to go.
3. perfekti
I have had to go.
4. pluskvam.
I had had to go.
5. I fut.
I will have to go.  I must go.
6. I kond.
I would have to go.
7. II kond.
I would have had to go.

muita korvaavia muotoja:
need to: We need to go now.
be forced to: I was forced to go.
be compelled to: We were compelled to take some extra lessons.
be obliged to: Everyone is obliged to pay taxes.
be to: He is to give a speech.
it is necessary for s-b to do s-g

Matti has had to run all that distance. (solidia faktaa: Matin on ollut pakko juosta koko tuo matka.)
Matti must have run all that distance. (puhujan arvelu: Matti on varmaankin juossut koko tuon matkan.)

Pekka must be ill because he is not in class today.
kielto: Pekka can't be ill because I just saw him and he was as fit as a fiddle / as right as rain.
Pekka must have been ill for quite some time because we haven't seen him around.
Pekka can't have been ill because he never falls ill.