Perfekti
Perfekti-teoria tiiviisti
Yleisperfektin käyttö:
- päättynyt tekeminen mutta tarkkaa aikaa ei ole mainittu (vrt imperfekti): Tim has cooked delicious dinner.
- jos mukana on for years/months jne, since + aika, recently, lately: They have recently leant the rules.
Muodostus:
- VÄITE: have/has + pääverbin 3. muoto: You have studied this before. / Max has undertood this.
- KIELTO: I haven ´ t understood this earlier.
- KYSYMYS: Why on earth have you not said anything?
https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=b3c977ca37d7e841&rlz=1C1GCEA_enFI1151FI1151&udm=2&fbs=AIIjpHzwXdlLgEZS7TUO88chvGRwN4bPj5NQampyTxNhw9rR3oK8VxKsSXlRkUvOnkkcVbUiYuYZVBNfWZ13XkGBJfrKy3bFXDLQDzIZ1QZ14qR5fbSyBOLgEKLB97WdOGhfTv-oRuhsDSnEdrx6IkgRy000xeuHGyOZLMrDd51iizbLtxoajtH4jzu_3PFrk9Spw-5HCGmA&q=the+present+perfect+rules&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi8o6r1tpSRAxVtHhAIHTzbC3cQtKgLegQIFxAB&biw=1536&bih=695&dpr=1.25#vhid=xm6vQcNi5SZOaM&vssid=mosaic Nov 28, 2025
- päättynyt tekeminen mutta tarkkaa aikaa ei ole mainittu (vrt imperfekti): Tim has cooked delicious dinner.
- jos mukana on for years/months jne, since + aika, recently, lately: They have recently leant the rules.
Muodostus:
- VÄITE: have/has + pääverbin 3. muoto: You have studied this before. / Max has undertood this.
- KIELTO: I haven ´ t understood this earlier.
- KYSYMYS: Why on earth have you not said anything?
https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=b3c977ca37d7e841&rlz=1C1GCEA_enFI1151FI1151&udm=2&fbs=AIIjpHzwXdlLgEZS7TUO88chvGRwN4bPj5NQampyTxNhw9rR3oK8VxKsSXlRkUvOnkkcVbUiYuYZVBNfWZ13XkGBJfrKy3bFXDLQDzIZ1QZ14qR5fbSyBOLgEKLB97WdOGhfTv-oRuhsDSnEdrx6IkgRy000xeuHGyOZLMrDd51iizbLtxoajtH4jzu_3PFrk9Spw-5HCGmA&q=the+present+perfect+rules&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi8o6r1tpSRAxVtHhAIHTzbC3cQtKgLegQIFxAB&biw=1536&bih=695&dpr=1.25#vhid=xm6vQcNi5SZOaM&vssid=mosaic Nov 28, 2025
Kestoperfekti
Kestoperfektin käyttö:
- menneisyydessä alkanut, yhä jatkuva tai kesken oleva tekeminen: They have been trying to learn this for years.
- menneisyydessä alkanut olotila: I have been feeling extremely confident in the past days.
Muodostus:
- VÄITE: have/has + been + pääverbin -ING-muoto: Siiri has been trying the get the grips of this for the whole week.
- KIELTO: They haven ´ t been working hard enough lately.
- KYSYMYS: How have you been doing recently?
https://www.google.com/search?q=the+present+perfect+continuous+rules&sca_esv=b3c977ca37d7e841&rlz=1C1GCEA_enFI1151FI1151&udm=2&biw=1536&bih=695&ei=fV0paem-H5HBwPAPwffbGQ&ved=0ahUKEwip8bH2tpSRAxWRIBAIHcH7NgMQ4dUDCBI&uact=5&oq=the+present+perfect+continuous+rules&gs_lp=Egtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZyIkdGhlIHByZXNlbnQgcGVyZmVjdCBjb250aW51b3VzIHJ1bGVzMgYQABgHGB4yBhAAGAgYHkjoIVCoA1inIHABeACQAQOYAYQDoAG4CaoBBzcuMS4xLjG4AQPIAQD4AQGYAgigAqIDwgIEEAAYHsICCBAAGAgYChgewgIIEAAYBxgIGB6YAwCIBgGSBwE4oAfHGbIHATe4B5sDwgcFMC43LjHIBw8&sclient=gws-wiz-img#vhid=ksq-94be1fZ-FM&vssid=mosaic Nov 28, 2025
- menneisyydessä alkanut, yhä jatkuva tai kesken oleva tekeminen: They have been trying to learn this for years.
- menneisyydessä alkanut olotila: I have been feeling extremely confident in the past days.
Muodostus:
- VÄITE: have/has + been + pääverbin -ING-muoto: Siiri has been trying the get the grips of this for the whole week.
- KIELTO: They haven ´ t been working hard enough lately.
- KYSYMYS: How have you been doing recently?
https://www.google.com/search?q=the+present+perfect+continuous+rules&sca_esv=b3c977ca37d7e841&rlz=1C1GCEA_enFI1151FI1151&udm=2&biw=1536&bih=695&ei=fV0paem-H5HBwPAPwffbGQ&ved=0ahUKEwip8bH2tpSRAxWRIBAIHcH7NgMQ4dUDCBI&uact=5&oq=the+present+perfect+continuous+rules&gs_lp=Egtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZyIkdGhlIHByZXNlbnQgcGVyZmVjdCBjb250aW51b3VzIHJ1bGVzMgYQABgHGB4yBhAAGAgYHkjoIVCoA1inIHABeACQAQOYAYQDoAG4CaoBBzcuMS4xLjG4AQPIAQD4AQGYAgigAqIDwgIEEAAYHsICCBAAGAgYChgewgIIEAAYBxgIGB6YAwCIBgGSBwE4oAfHGbIHATe4B5sDwgcFMC43LjHIBw8&sclient=gws-wiz-img#vhid=ksq-94be1fZ-FM&vssid=mosaic Nov 28, 2025