The Mediterranean nations are located inside the zone of Mediterranean climate. The climate type is characterized by hot and dry summers, as well as by temperate but rainy winters. 

During the winter months, the average temperature in the Mediterranean region is approximately 10 degrees Celsius. During the winter, the region receives plenty of rainfall. 

During the summer, the amount of rainfall decreases almost completely. The summer is hot and dry. The average temperature can often exceed 25 degrees Celsius during the summer months.

The Mediterranean climate favors plants with thick or small leaves. These plants can regulate their water consumption during the dry, hot summer. This vegetation type is known as Mediterranean vegetation.