The environment

earthquake	a sudden, violent shaking of the earth’s surface	The earthquake measured 68 on the Richter scale.	maanjäristys
death toll	​the number of people killed in an accident, a war, a disaster, etc.	The death toll has now risen to 200.	uhriluku
electric storm	a violent storm in which electricity is produced in the atmosphere	Do not use any electronics during an electric storm.	ukkosmyrsky
first-responder	a person such as a member of the police or fire department in a position to arrive first at an emergency, who has been trained to give basic medical treatment	The first responder helped us to get out.	pelastustyöntekijä
shock wave	a movement of very high air pressure that is caused by an explosion, earthquake, etc.	Shock waves can form due to steepening of ordinary waves.	shokkiaalto
twister	a violent storm with very strong winds that move in circles	The twister, reported to be about 100 yards wide, caused major damage to the high school.	pyörremyrsky
avalanche	a mass of snow, ice and rock that falls down the side of a mountain	He was killed in an avalanche while skiing.	lumivyöry
blizzard	a snowstorm with very strong winds	The blizzard struck the north-east yesterday, causing serious damage.	voimakas lumimyrsky
dust storm	a storm that carries clouds of dust in the wind over a wide area	There is a lot of dust storms in Sahara	hiekkamyrsky
cyclone	a violent tropical storm in which strong winds move in a circle	The cyclone struck the village late last night.	pyörremyrsky

Weather

changeability	the fact of being likely to change; the fact of changing often	There is a lot of changeability in the wather today.	muuttuvuus
forecast	a statement about what will happen in the future, based on information that is available now	The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers.	sääennuste
unpredictable	that cannot be predicted because it changes a lot or depends on too many different things	The unpredictable weather in the mountains can make climbing extremely hazardous.	ennalta arvaamaton
clear up	(of the weather) to become fine or bright	I hope it clears up this afternoon.	kirkastua
dull	not bright, with a lot of clouds	It was a dull, grey day.	tasapaksu, sumea
gloomy	nearly dark, or badly lit in a way that makes you feel sad	It was a wet and gloomy day.	harmaa, ankea
favourable	​(of a wind) blowing in the direction of travel	They could not sail without a favourable wind.	suotuisa
summery	​typical of or suitable for the summer	summery weather	kesäinen
foul	(of weather) very bad, with strong winds and rain	a foul night	vastenmielinen
bleak	(of the weather) cold and unpleasant	a bleak winter’s day	ankea

Geography

ashore	towards, onto or on land, having come from an area of water such as the sea or a river	a drowned body found washed ashore on the beach	maihin, rantaan
bay	a part of the sea, or of a large lake, partly surrounded by a wide curve of the land	a magnificent view across the bay	lahti
coast	the land next to or near to the sea or ocean	We walked along the coast for five miles.	merenrannikko
cliff	a high area of rock with a very steep side, often at the edge of the sea or ocean	She jumped off the cliff	jyrkänne
creek	a narrow area of water where the sea flows into the land	They drove to the little creek where they kept their fishing boat	poukama
iceberg	an extremely large mass of ice floating in the sea	The ship struck a hidden iceberg	jäävuori
lagoon	a small area of fresh water near a lake or river	We loved to go swimming in the lagoon.	laguuni
marina	a specially designed harbour for small boats and yachts	a new £250 million marina and leisure development	pienvenesatama
riptide	an area of fast rough water in the sea or a river, where two or more currents meet	Watch out for the riptide when you go swimming.	ristiaallokko
whirlpool	a place in a river or the sea where currents of water turn round and round very fast	She felt she was being dragged into a whirlpool of emotion.	vesipyörre