1. Politics and society
1 Politics
| candidacy | the fact of being a candidate in an election | Joe Biden's candidacy was a huge success. | ehdokkuus |
| bureaucrat | an official working in an organization or a government department, especially one who follows the rules of the department too strictly | I heard that her boss is a bureaucrat. | byrokaatti |
| constitution | the system of laws and basic principles that a state, a country or an organization is governed by | The American constitution was written in 1787. | perustuslaki |
| embassy | a group of officials led by an ambassador who represent their government in a foreign country | The Algerian embassy to Finland is located in Helsinki. | lähetystö |
| inauguration | a special ceremony at which a new public official or leader is introduced or a building or organization is officially opened | Donald Trump was present at Biden's inauguration. | virkaan vihkiminen |
| legislative | connected with the act of making and passing laws | I don't think this contract is legislative. | lainsäädännöllinen |
| mandate | the authority to do something, given to a government or other organization by the people who vote for it in an election | There are only 4 states with a mask mandate in the USA. | mandaatti |
| senate | one of the two groups of elected politicians who make laws in some countries, for example in the US, Australia, Canada and France. The Senate is smaller than the other group but higher in rank. Many state parliaments in the US also have a Senate. | Kamala Harris is the President of the Senate in the USA. | senaatti |
| parliament | the group of people who are elected to make and change the laws of a country | The UK parliament includes Great Britain and Northern Ireland. | parlamentti/eduskunta |
| representative | a person who has been chosen to speak or vote for somebody else or for a group of people, or to take the place of somebody else | All of the representatives are re-elected every two years. | edustaja/valtuutettu/kansanedustaja |
2 Law and justice
| violate | violate something (formal) to go against or refuse to obey a law, an agreement, etc. | She violated her probation just after two weeks. | rikkoa/loukata |
| witness | a person who sees something happen and is able to describe it to other people | He was a key witness in a murder case. | todistaja |
| legalization | the fact of making something legal | There are mixed feelings about the legalization of things in the goverment. | laillistaminen/laillistus |
| court order | a decision that is made in court about what must happen in a particular situation | She wasn't allowed to leave her house since it was a court order. | oikeuden määräys |
| appeal | to make a deeply felt request, especially for something that is needed immediately | They wanted to appeal her case in court. | valittaa/vedota |
| cease-and-desist | used to describe an official order given by a court or government agency that demands that somebody must stop doing a particular activity | His company was sent a cease-and-desist letter with only 6 days to shut their operation down. | lopettaa/lopetus käsky |
| impeachment | the act of charging an important public figure with a serious crime | Donald Trump was impeached for the first time in 2019. | syyte/virkasyyte |
| lawsuit | lawsuit (against somebody/something) a claim or complaint against somebody that a person or an organization can make in court | Her brother was served with a lawsuit over copyright violations. | kanne/oikeusjuttu |
| settlement | an official agreement that ends an argument between two people or groups | There have been various peace settlements in history. | sopimus/ratkaisu |
| testify | to make a statement that something happened or that something is true, especially as a witness in court | Her dad was supposed to testify in court, but he never showed up. | todistaa |
3 Social issues
| discrimination | the practice of treating somebody or a particular group in society less fairly than others |
There are some groups that are victims of discrimination in Finland. | syrjintä |
| emigration | emigration (of somebody) (from…) the act of leaving your own country to go and live permanently in another country | People tend to forget about emigration when talking about immigration. | maastamuutto |
| welfare state | a system by which the government provides a range of services to people who need them, for example medical care, money for people without work, care for old people, etc. | Finland is known for being a well operating welfare state. | hyvinvointivaltio |
| social justice | the fair distribution of wealth and opportunities within a society | Some see taxes as an instrument of social justice. | sosiaalinen oikeudenmukaisuus |
| quality of life | the level of health, comfort and happiness that a particular person or group has | Research shows that the quality of life in Norway is very high. | elämänlaatu |
| prejudice | an unreasonable dislike of or preference for a person, group, custom, etc., especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc. | Their decision was based on prejudice. | ennakkoluulo |
| poverty-stricken | extremely poor; with very little money | He is from a poverty-stricken village in Romania. | rutiköyhä |
| political asylum | protection that a government gives to people who have left their own country, because they were in danger for political reasons | They were hoping to be granted political asylum in Denmark. | poliittinen turvapaikka |
| inequality | the unfair difference between groups of people in society, when some have more wealth, status or opportunities than others | There is still a lot of inequality in different work fields. | epätasa-arvo/eriarvoisuus |
| malnutrition | a poor condition of health caused by a lack of food or a lack of the right type of food | According to studies, some children suffer from malnutrition in Russia. | aliravitsemus |
4 People in society
| citizenship | the legal right to belong to a particular country | Her mom was finally granted full citizenship to the USA. | kansalaisuus |
| ethnic minority | an ethnic group (= a group of people that share a cultural tradition, religion, etc.), or a member of this group, living in a country where the main ethnic group is different | The Sami people are a ethnic minority in Finland. | etninen vähemmistö |
| multicultural | for or including people of several different cultures (= beliefs, languages, customs and traditions, etc.) | Singapore is a very multicultural country. | monikulttuurinen |
| representation | the act of presenting somebody/something in a particular way; something that shows or describes something | The lack of representation of different cultures in school is unacceptable. | edustus/representaatio |
| middle-class | connected with the middle social class (a middle-class background/family/suburb) | She came from a middle-class family and ended up as a famous actor. | keskiluokkainen |
| acculturate | acculturate (somebody) (to something): to learn to live successfully in a different culture; to help somebody to do this | There were people helping her acculturate to Australia when she moved there. | sopeututa kulttuuriin |
| ancestry | the family or the group of people that you come from | I found out recently that I have Scottish ancestry. | sukujuuret/syntyperä |
| disadvantaged | not having the things, such as education, or enough money, that people need in order to succeed in life | People who are from a rural part of Russia tend to be disadvantaged in life. | huono-osainen/vähäosainen |
| supremacist | a person who believes that the group of people they belong to is better than other groups and should have power over them | We found out that our teacher was a male supremacist. | sovinisti |
| senior citizen | an older person, especially somebody who has retired from work. People often call somebody a ‘senior citizen’ to avoid saying that they are old or using the expression ‘old-age pensioner’. | It is kind to offer your seat to an senior citizen on public transport. | vanhus |
Sanakirjatyöskentelyn ohjeet
1) Luo taulukko alla olevaan tekstilaatikkoon valitsemalla kohdasta Taulukko "Lisää taulukko". Tee 4x10:n ruudun taulukko.
2) Kun löydät Oxford-sanakirjasta hyvän sanan, kopioi siitä seuraavat tiedot taulukkoon:
- ensimmäiseen sarakkeeseen sana englanniksi
- toiseen sanakirjamääritelmä englanniksi
- kolmanteen esimerkkilause. Jos sanakirjassa ei ole esimerkkilausetta, voit etsiä netistä tai keksiä oman yksinkertaisen lauseen.
- viimeiseen sanan suomennos
HUOM! Liittäessä tekstiä taulukkoon, käytä vaihtoehtoa "liitä pelkkänä tekstinä", näin fonttikoko pysyy samana koko taulukossa
3) Jokaisesta aihepiiristä tulee valita 30-60 sanaa. Luo aina kymmenen sanan jälkeen uusi taulukko.
Tässä esimerkkitaulukko
| horse | a large animal with four legs, a mane (= long thick hair on its neck) and a tail. Horses are used for riding on, pulling carriages, etc. | He mounted his horse and rode off. | hevonen |
| lion | a large powerful animal of the cat family, that hunts in groups and lives in parts of Africa and southern Asia. Lions have yellowish-brown fur and the male has a mane (= long thick hair round its neck). | Young Masai men gather for traditional lion hunts. | leijona |
| aardvark | an animal from southern Africa that has a long nose and tongue and that eats insects | The aardvark used its tongue to dig for ants. | maasika |
| penguin | a black and white bird that lives in the Antarctic. Penguins cannot fly but use their wings for swimming. There are several types of penguin, some of them very large but some of them quite small. | pingviini | |
| hippopotamus | a large heavy African animal with thick dark skin and short legs, that lives in rivers and lakes | virtahepo | |
| giraffe | a tall African animal with a very long neck, long legs, and dark marks on its coat | kirahvi | |
| wolverine | a wild animal that looks similar to a small bear, with short legs, long brown hair and a long tail. Wolverines live in cold, northern areas of Europe and North America. | ahma | |
| porcupine | an animal covered with long stiff parts like needles (called quills ), which it can raise to protect itself when it is attacked | piikkisika | |
| zebra | an African wild animal like a horse with black and white lines (= stripes) on its body | seepra | |
| eagle | a large bird of prey (= a bird that kills other creatures for food) with a sharp curved beak and very good sight | eagles soaring overhead | kotka |
Quizlet- työskentelyn ohjeet
1) Aloita luomalla tunnus Quizlet:iin tässä osoitteessa.
2) Kirjauduttuasi sisään näet tämän näköisen napin, josta pääset luomaan sanalistoja Quizlet:iin:
3) Seuraavassa näkymässä anna sanalistalle kuvaava nimi ja paina sitten tätä painiketta:
4) Käytä firefox-selainta ja mene tallennettuun sanalistaan ja kopioi taulukosta kaksi ensimmäistä saraketta, eli sana englanniksi ja sen sanakirjamääritelmä.
Tämä tapahtuu painamalla CTRL-näppäin pohjaan ja maalaamalla halutut sarakkeet. Kun sarakkeet on maalattu, paina CTRL+c joka kopio tekstit.
5) Liitä kopioimasi sanat tekstikenttään. Kopioinnin jälkeen teksteissä saattaa olla ylimääräisiä välilyöntejä, eli poista ne siten, että sana ja sen selitys ovat samalla rivillä. Ei haittaa jos selitys menee useammalle riville, kunhan alku on samalla rivillä. Paina sitten vielä IMPORT-näppäint
6)Nyt sanalistan pitäisi näyttää suunnilleen tältä, eli vasemmalla puolella sana ja oikealla määritelmä:
Nyt voi painaa CREATE näppäintä alhaalla
8) Luotuasi sanalistan on Quizletissa monia mahdollisuuksia sanojen jatkokäsittelyyn:
2) Kirjauduttuasi sisään näet tämän näköisen napin, josta pääset luomaan sanalistoja Quizlet:iin:
3) Seuraavassa näkymässä anna sanalistalle kuvaava nimi ja paina sitten tätä painiketta:
4) Käytä firefox-selainta ja mene tallennettuun sanalistaan ja kopioi taulukosta kaksi ensimmäistä saraketta, eli sana englanniksi ja sen sanakirjamääritelmä.
Tämä tapahtuu painamalla CTRL-näppäin pohjaan ja maalaamalla halutut sarakkeet. Kun sarakkeet on maalattu, paina CTRL+c joka kopio tekstit.
5) Liitä kopioimasi sanat tekstikenttään. Kopioinnin jälkeen teksteissä saattaa olla ylimääräisiä välilyöntejä, eli poista ne siten, että sana ja sen selitys ovat samalla rivillä. Ei haittaa jos selitys menee useammalle riville, kunhan alku on samalla rivillä. Paina sitten vielä IMPORT-näppäint
6)Nyt sanalistan pitäisi näyttää suunnilleen tältä, eli vasemmalla puolella sana ja oikealla määritelmä:
Nyt voi painaa CREATE näppäintä alhaalla8) Luotuasi sanalistan on Quizletissa monia mahdollisuuksia sanojen jatkokäsittelyyn:
- Flashcards harjoituksessa näkyviin tulee joko sana tai sen määritelmä ja korttia painamalla paljastuu oikea vastaus.
- Learn osiossa oikea vastaus määritelmään pitää kirjoittaa.
- Spell osiossa kuulet sanan ja näet määritelmän, jonka perusteella pitäisi löytyä oikea vastaus.
- Test osio yhdistelee erilaisia tehtävätyyppejä laajemmaksi kokonaisuudeksi
- Match, jossa yhdistetään sana määritelmään, ja
- Gravity, missä lähestyviä meteoreja pitää ampua antamalla määritelmää vastaava sana. Valitse alkuasetuksissa kohdassa "start with" definition, niin vastauksiksi vaaditaan vain sanoja, ei määritelmää.
Teksti- tai videotehtävän ohjeet
Etsi jokaiseen valitsemaasi aihepiiriin liittyvä video, audio tai teksti ja liitä se alla olevaan laatikkoon. Kerää videosta/tekstistä aihepiiriin liittyvää mielestäsi hyödyllistä sanastoa/ sanontoja ja tee niistä sanasto tekstin tai videon alle. Tee myös aiheesta englanniksi tai suomeksi sisältökysymyksiä, joilla muut opiskelijat voivat testata omaa kuullun- tai luetunymmärtämistään. Liitä loppuun oikeat vastaukset. Sopivia videoita tai tekstejä löytyy mm. seuraavilta sivuilta: BBC News, The Guardian, Time, www.watchknowlearn.org jne.
Huom! Muista aina mainita lähde.
Alla esimerkki videosta: What are grasslands?
Upotus
Linkki
http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=18667&CategoryID=93