A. Energy yielding nutrients

1. Fats

• Saturated fats (trans fat, usually animal fat).
• Unsaturated fats (fish and vegetable fat).

2. Carbohydrates

• Monosaccharides (glucose and fructose).
• Disaccharides (e.g. cane sugar, milk sugar).
• Polysaccharides (e.g. starch, muscle glycogen).
• Fibers (unabsorbed).

3. Proteins

• Plant proteins.
• Animal proteins.

B. Protective foods

1. Vitamins

• Fat soluble (vitamins A, D, E and K).
• Water soluble (vitamins B and C).

2. Minerals

• Calcium, magnesium, iron, iodine, zinc, selenium.

In addition to nutrients and protective foods, the human body also requires two litres of water every day.