January 15th, 2026
HW: ex. 2 & 3 & HOMEWORK ehtolauseista; ex. Translation in Glossary Health and well-being; RC 2 The Luddites
plague = rutto
the Renaissanceplague = rutto
the Industrial Revolution = teollinen vallankumous (1800-luvulla)
the French Revolution = Ranskan suuri vallankumous
monissa historiallisissa aikakausissa on artikkeli the ja ne kirjoitetaan isolla alkukirjaimella
end up + -ing = PÄÄTYÄ JHKN
He ended up being in prison for the rest of his life.
He ended up leaving the country for good.cooperation
co-operation
vaccinate (v) = rokottaa
vaccine (n.) = rokote
vaccination (n.) = rokottaminen
Lat. vacca, vaccae = nauta
AIKAA ilmaisevissa sivulauseissa:
niihin ei laiteta futuuria:
I will love you as long as I live.
I will buy a Mercedes Benz once I get more money.
1) after: She'll go to the gym after she takes a nap.
2) as = kun: Mary will buy a flat in Málaga as she has loads of money.
3) as long as: Juha will love Jutta as long as he lives.
4) as soon as: Alexander Stubb will have a press conference as soon as he comes back from Davos.
5) before: He will call me before he leaves the country.
6) by-lauseet: By the time I get up they will be gone.
7) once: Once I get started, I'll work for hours on.
8) until = till = kunnes: I will keep trying until I succeed.
9) when: I'll travel to Australia when I retire.
10) while: She will sing while she works.
Ehtoa ilmaisevissa sivulauseissa l. konditionaalisissa sivulauseissa: EI FUTUURIA
if = jos / unless = if not // provided / providing // in case
We'll go on a picnic tomorrow if it doesn't rain. = We'll go on a picnic tomorrow unless it rains.
We'll go for a walk provided / providing the weather is good.
My brother will pay all my debts in case I die.
Lat. vacca, vaccae = nauta
AIKAA ilmaisevissa sivulauseissa:
niihin ei laiteta futuuria:
I will love you as long as I live.
I will buy a Mercedes Benz once I get more money.
1) after: She'll go to the gym after she takes a nap.
2) as = kun: Mary will buy a flat in Málaga as she has loads of money.
3) as long as: Juha will love Jutta as long as he lives.
4) as soon as: Alexander Stubb will have a press conference as soon as he comes back from Davos.
5) before: He will call me before he leaves the country.
6) by-lauseet: By the time I get up they will be gone.
7) once: Once I get started, I'll work for hours on.
8) until = till = kunnes: I will keep trying until I succeed.
9) when: I'll travel to Australia when I retire.
10) while: She will sing while she works.
Ehtoa ilmaisevissa sivulauseissa l. konditionaalisissa sivulauseissa: EI FUTUURIA
if = jos / unless = if not // provided / providing // in case
We'll go on a picnic tomorrow if it doesn't rain. = We'll go on a picnic tomorrow unless it rains.
We'll go for a walk provided / providing the weather is good.
My brother will pay all my debts in case I die.
kirjallisia muotoja:
jos if jää pois, tulee käänteinen sanajärjestys
1. should = sattuisi if-lauseessajos if jää pois, tulee käänteinen sanajärjestys
If someboby should call me tell them that I'll be back on Monday.
= Should somebody call me...
2) were = konjuntiivin imperfekti
If a serious crisis were to arise, the government should act swiftly.
= Were a serious crisis to arise,...
3) konjuntiivin pluskvamperfekti
If I had known that, I would have acted differently.
= Had I known that, ...