Ma 26.1.2026 Lauseenvastikkeet, kertaustehtäviä

LAUSEENVASTIKKEET: Perussäännöt


1) AKTIIVILAUSE

WHEN I MET you, I fell in love. >> MEETING you, I fell in love.
 
- verbi ING-muotoon
- subjekti pois (jos sama kuin päälauseessa!)
- konjunktio /pronomini pois (yleensä, paitsi jos tapahtumien
aikajärjestys sekoaa ilman sitä)


Jos muunnettava sivulause on aikamuodoltaan perfekti tai pluskvamperfekti:

AFTER THEY HAD FOUND him, they called his parents. >> HAVING FOUND him (/After finding him), they called ...

 [ HAVING + 3. muoto]


2) PASSIIVILAUSE

AFTER HE WAS TAKEN home, he fell asleep. >> TAKEN home, he fell asleep.

- verbin 3. muoto (ilman BE-verbiä)
- subjekti pois (kuten aktiivissa)
- konjunktio / pronomini pois (yleensä, kuten aktiivissa)

Jos muunnettava sivulause on aikamuodoltaan perfekti tai pluskvamperfekti:

AFTER WE HAD BEEN ROBBED, we called the police >> (HAVING BEEN) ROBBED, we called …

 [HAVING BEEN + 3. muoto]


HUOM!!!
1) Kielteinen lauseenvastike > alkuun NOT

SINCE I DIDN'T KNOW where to go, I asked for advice. >>  NOT KNOWING where to go, I asked…


3) Infinitiivi (POIKKEUS)
- etenkin jos korrelaatissa esiintyy superlatiivi, järjestysluku tai NEXT/LAST/ONLY

She was THE FIRST WHO HELPED us. >> She was THE FIRST TO HELP us.


4) Prepositiorakenne (POIKKEUS)

- relatiivilauseen voi toisinaan lyhentää prepositiorakenteella (in, with, without)

Were are looking for a woman WHO IS DRIVING a silver Porsche. >> Were are looking for a woman IN a silver Porsche.

Lauseenvastikkeet

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Muunna sivulauseet (+ yksi päälause) lauseenvastikkeiksi mallin mukaan (kirjoita pienillä kirjaimilla)!

ESIMERKKI:

1. Did you cut yourself WHILE YOU WERE SHAVING? > Did you cut yourself (WHILE) SHAVING?

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

2. BECAUSE HE IS UNEMPLOYED, he hasn't got much money.
, he hasn't got much money.

3. The road THAT JOINS THE TWO VILLAGES is very narrow.
The road is very narrow.

4. AFTER SHE HAD FINISHED HER WORK, she went home.
, she went home.

5. AS WE HAD FINALLY FOUND A HOTEL, we looked for somewhere else to have a dinner.
, we looked for somewhere else to have a dinner.

6. BECAUSE SHE DOESN'T HAVE A CAR, she finds it difficult to get around.
, she finds it difficult to get around.

7. Most of the goods THAT ARE MADE IN THIS FACTORY are exported.
Most of the goods are exported.

8. Jude walked around the town AND LOOKED AT THE SIGHTS.
Jude walked around the town .

9. SINCE HE WAS INJURED in the accident, he hasn't been able to work.
in the accident, he hasn't been able to work.

10. The police WHO ARE INVESTIGATING THE CRIME are looking for three men.
The police are looking for three men.

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Lauseenvastikkeet (10 p.)

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Muuta sivulauseet lauseenvastikkeiksi. Kirjoita puuttuva osa aukkoon (kirjoita pienellä, mutta muista ISOT alkukirjaimet virkkeen alussa!). Älä lisää virkkeen loppuun PISTETTÄ.

Muista myös perusohjeet:
  • Jotain jätetään POIS, mitä?
  • AKTIIVI > verbi ING-muodossa
  • PASSIIVI > verbi 3. muodossa

1. What happens to the umbrellas THAT ARE FOUND ON BUSES?
What happens to the umbrellas ?

2. Trains WHICH GO TO GLASGOW will be late today,
Trains will be late today.

3. BEFORE I LEFT FOR WORK, I had some breakfast.
, I had some breakfast.

4. AS I HADN'T SLEPT PROPERLY, I felt a bit tired. (Huom! Pluskvamperfekti + kielteinen)
, I felt a bit tired.

5. We went to a restaurant WHICH WAS RECOMMENDED TO US.
We went to a restaurant .

6. Yuri Gagarin was the FIRST man THAT FLEW IN SPACE.
Yuri Gagarin was the first man .

7. ALTHOUGH IT WAS MADE 15 YEARS AGO, my car still runs well.
, my car still runs well.

8. I know that I locked my bike BEFORE I WENT TO BED.
I know that I locked my bike .

9. AS WE WERE WAITING FOR OUR FLIGHT, we passed the time playing cards.
, we passed the time playing cards.

10. The man WHO HAS RED HAIR is my brother.
The man is my brother.

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