Lines

The slope of a line passing through points [[$x_1, y_1 $]] and [[$x_2, y_2 $]]:

[[$ k = \text{tan} \space \alpha = \dfrac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1} $]]

A line is
  • ascending if [[$ k > 0 $]]
  • descending if [[$ k < 0 $]]
  • parallel to the [[$x$]]- axis if [[$k = 0 $]]
  • parallel to the [[$y$]]- axis if [[$k$]] cannot be determined.
Consider the lines [[$s_1$]] and [[$s_2$]], whose slopes are [[$k_1$]] and [[$k_2$]].
  • The lines are parallel, i.e. [[$s_1||s_2$]], if [[$k_1=k_2$]] or lines are parallel to the [[$y$]]- axis.
  • The lines are perpendicular to each other, i.e. [[$s_1 \perp s_2$]], if [[$k_1 \cdot k_2 = -1$]] or one line is parallel to the [[$x$]]- axis and the other to the [[$y$]]- axi.
Standard form of the equation of a line:
[[$ax + by + c = 0$]]

Solved form of the equation of a line:
[[$y = kx + b$]], where [[$k$]] is the slope an [[$b$]] is the constant term (the [[$y$]] coordinate of the interesection point of the line and the [[$y$]]- axis).

The equation of a line parallel to the [[$x$]]-axis:
[[$y = t$]], where [[$t$]] is the [[$y$]] coordinate of the intersection point of the line and the [[$y$]] axis

The equation of a line parallel to the [[$y$]]-axis:
[[$x = u$]], where [[$u$]] is the [[$x$]] coordinate of the intersection point of the line and the [[$x$]] axis