The conditions of the non-living or abiotic environment determine what kind of an ecosystem will develop in a certain area. These factors include things such as climate conditions and soil type. For example, the Finnish climate and geography is suitable for the development of lakes, bogs, and taiga forests.

Different Finnish ecosystems: Oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes, dry and wet taiga forests, pine swamp, and open bog.

This chapter examines the most common types of Finnish ecosystem. The ecosystems common to the Baltic Sea will be examined in the following chapters. Forests and bogs will be examined in greater detail in the following (8th grade) biology course.