Question 20: Compare and contrast the methods used to maintain power in two authoritarian states, each from a different region.

[Topic 10: Authoritarian states (20th century)]

There is a clear focus on the question with a high degree of awareness demonstrated. The response is well structured with some comparison and contrast of the methods used to maintain power by Mao and Hitler. The knowledge demonstrated is mostly accurate with some rather sweeping generalizations that are not always well supported. Examples are appropriate and relevant with strong focus on the maintenance of power. There is some very good discussion of Mao and China, although there could be more on the context of the Cultural Revolution and why this was such a significant response to a threat to his authority—this would have been a very appropriate example to have developed further. There is less knowledge demonstrated of Hitler’s methods of maintaining power and some of the arguments are not so well supported. Even so, there is depth of understanding and sufficient detail for the top markband. There is an awareness of different perspectives and most main points are substantiated.

Question 23: To what extent did economic interests rather than ideology lead to the breakdown of the grand alliance between 1943 and 1949?

[Topic 12: The Cold War: Superpower tensions and rivalries (20th century)]

There is a clear focus on the demands of the question with both economic interests and ideology being discussed. The knowledge demonstrated is good (despite some minor slips on dates) and arguments are well supported, suggesting a sound understanding of the topic. There is clear and coherent critical analysis, especially of Stalinist policy. The level of detail is good, for example, going beyond general statements and broad referencing to the Marshall Plan—its impact is well understood and nicely outlined. There could be a little more development of the role of ideology in the making of US policy. Some references to the role of the Bolsheviks in the overthrow of the Tsar detract a little from the overall accuracy of the response. There is judicious use of different perspectives to support arguments. Overall, this is mid-range of the 13–15 markband.