The 'Fourteen Points' (January 1918):

I Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, no private international understandings of any kind

II Freedom of the sea

III The removal so far as possible of all economic barriers

IV The reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety

V Impartial adjustment of all colonial claims

VI The evacuation of all Russian territory

VII The evacuation and restoration of Belgium

VIII The liberation of France and return to her of Alsace and Lorraine

IX Readjustment of the frontiers of Italy to conform to clearly recognisable lines of nationality

X The peoples of Austria-Hungary should be accorded the freest opportunity of autonomous development

XI Evacuation of occupation forces from Romania, Serbia and Montenegro; Serbia should be accorded free and secure access to the sea

XII Autonomous development for the non-Turkish peoples of the Ottoman empire; free passage of the Dardanelles to the ships and commerce of all nations

XIII An independent Poland to be established, with free and secure access to the sea

XIV A general association of nations to be formed to guarantee to its members political independence and territorial integrity (the genesis of the League of Nations)