- Soil is a term that means the loose ground found above bedrock.
- The plant life of a forest can be divided into layers: tree layer, shrub layer, undergrowth, and ground layer.
- Till is a soil type that consists of rock, sand, and clay.
- Dry taiga forest is a dry forest type where pine is the most common tree.
- Wet taiga forest is a forest type dominated by spruce.
- Broad-leaf forest is a wet and nutrient-rich forest type.
- Peat is poorly decomposed plant waste.
- Pine swamps are bogs that accomodate pine trees.
- Spruce bogs are bogs rich in plant life, with spruce and birch as the most common trees.
- Open bogs are bogs where no trees grow.
- Fells are mountaineous areas common to Northern Finland.
- The tree line is the elevation above which trees do not thrive.
