https://peda.net/id/f65d592e4e6 2025-06-21T08:52:48+03:00 https://peda.net/:static/539/peda.net.logo.bg.svg <div class="license">Tämän sivun lisenssi <a rel="license" href="https://peda.net/info">Peda.net-yleislisenssi</a></div> https://peda.net/id/f65e89024e6 2021-08-03T10:33:26+03:00 <h1><span class="editor underline"><b>Substantiivin taivutus</b></span></h1> <blockquote> <div>Substantiivit nimeävät ihmisiä, esineitä ja asioita, ja ne ovat joko<span> </span><strong>en</strong>- tai<span> </span><strong>ett</strong>-sukuisia.<br/> Substantiivilla on yleensä<span> </span><strong>neljä muotoa</strong>:</div> </blockquote> <div class="paragraph-class-8"> <div class="cloubi-froala-table-wrapper"> <table class="table-class-3"> <tbody> <tr> <td>YKSIKKÖ</td> <td> </td> <td>MONIKKO</td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-1"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5"><em>joku, yksi, eräs</em></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4"><em>tietty</em></td> <td class="table-cell-class-1"><em>joitain</em></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3"><em>ne tietyt<br/> </em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en film</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">filmen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">filmer</td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">filmerna</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">ett hus</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">huset</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">hus</td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">husen</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph-class-8"><span class="inline-class-1"><br/> ➤</span><span class="inline-class-1"> </span>Substantiivit jaetaan viiteen taivutusluokkaan monikon päätteen perusteella:<strong><br/> </strong> <div class="cloubi-froala-table-wrapper"> <table class="table-class-3"> <tbody> <tr> <td> </td> <td>YKSIKKÖ</td> <td> </td> <td>MONIKKO</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5"> </td> <td class="table-cell-class-5"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-1"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><strong>Suomennos</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">1.</td> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en flicka</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">flickan</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">flick<strong>or</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">flickorna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>tyttö</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">2.</td> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en pojke</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">pojken</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">pojk<strong>ar</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">pojkarna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>poika</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">3.</td> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en banan</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">bananen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">banan<strong>er</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">bananerna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>banaani</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">4.</td> <td class="table-cell-class-5">ett äpple</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">äpplet</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">äpple<strong>n</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">äpplena</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>omena</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">5.</td> <td class="table-cell-class-5">ett hus</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">huset</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">hus<span class="editor underline">  </span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">husen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>talo</em></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <div> <div class="cloubi-froala-embed item-bordered item-class-4 cloubi-dfi"><!--filtered attribute: data-original-id="YXNzZW1ibHkvZmZmZmZmZmZhOWQxMGEyMS8zMjI1NDQ1"--><!--filtered attribute: data-reference-name="asset211774"--><!--filtered attribute: data-type="richtext"--> <div id="dzub" class="cloubi-library-component"> <div id="dzubfroala-view" class="fr-view"> <div class="paragraph-class-8"><br/> Obs!</div> <div><strong>Muista substantiivien taivutusluokkien päätteet! </strong></div> <div><strong>OR</strong>kesterit<span> </span><strong>AR</strong>vostavat<span> </span><strong>ER</strong>ilaisia<span> </span><strong>N</strong>uotti<strong>VIIVA</strong>stoja</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph-class-8"><span class="inline-class-1"><br/> <br/> ➤</span><span> </span>1. taivutusluokka: -or<br/> <br/> </div> <div class="paragraph-class-8"> <div class="cloubi-froala-table-wrapper"> <table class="table-class-3"> <tbody> <tr> <td>YKSIKKÖ</td> <td> </td> <td>MONIKKO</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-1"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><strong>Suomennos</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en flick<span class="editor underline">a</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">flickan</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">flick<strong>or</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">flickorna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>tyttö</em></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <ul><!--filtered attribute: data-init="done"--> <li> <div class="listitem"><strong>En-sukuisia a-loppuisia sanoja.</strong></div> </li> </ul> <p><br/> <br/> </p> <div class="paragraph-class-8"><span class="inline-class-1">➤</span><span class="inline-class-1"> </span>2. taivutusluokka: -ar<br/> <br/> </div> <div class="cloubi-froala-table-wrapper paragraph-class-8"> <table class="table-class-3"> <tbody> <tr> <td>YKSIKKÖ</td> <td> </td> <td>MONIKKO</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-1"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><strong>Suomennos</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en pojk<span class="editor underline">e</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">pojken</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">pojk<strong>ar</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">pojkarna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>poika</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en tidn<span class="editor underline">ing</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">tidningen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">tidning<strong>ar</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">tidningarna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>sanomalehti</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en cyk<span class="editor underline">el</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">cykeln</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">cykl<strong>ar</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">cyklarna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>polkupyörä</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en syst<span class="editor underline">er</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">systern</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">systr<strong>ar</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">systrarna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>sisko</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en bil</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">bilen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">bil<strong>ar</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">bilarna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>auto</em></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <ul><!--filtered attribute: data-init="done"--> <li> <div class="listitem"><strong>En-sukuisia -e, -ing, -el ja -er -loppuisia sekä yksitavuisia sanoja.</strong></div> </li> </ul> <div> <div class="paragraph-class-8"><br/> <span class="inline-class-1">➤</span><strong><span class="inline-class-1"> </span></strong>3. taivutusluokka: -er/-r<br/> <strong><br/> </strong></div> </div> <div class="cloubi-froala-table-wrapper paragraph-class-8"> <table class="table-class-3"> <tbody> <tr> <td>YKSIKKÖ</td> <td> </td> <td>MONIKKO</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-1"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><strong>Suomennos</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en bak<span class="editor underline">else</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">bakelsen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">bakelse<strong>r</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">bakelserna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>leivos</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en ny<span class="editor underline">het</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">nyheten</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">nyhet<strong>er</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">nyheterna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>uutinen</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en lekt<span class="editor underline">ion</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">lektionen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">lektion<strong>er</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">lektionerna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>oppitunti</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en plan</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">planen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">plan<strong>er</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">planerna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>suunnitelma</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en banan</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">bananen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">banan<strong>er</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">bananerna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>banaani</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">ett kafé</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">kaféet</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">kafé<strong>er</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">kaféerna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>kahvila</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">ett gymnasium</td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">gymnasiet</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">gymnasi<strong>er</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">gymnasierna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>lukio</em></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <ul><!--filtered attribute: data-init="done"--> <li> <div class="listitem"><strong>En-sukuisia -else, -het ja -ion -loppuisia sekä yksitavuisia sanoja. En- ja ett-sukuisia vierasperäisiä sanoja.</strong></div> </li> </ul> <div class="paragraph-class-8"><br/> <span class="inline-class-1">➤</span><span class="inline-class-1"> </span>4. taivutusluokka: -n<br/> <br/> </div> <div class="cloubi-froala-table-wrapper paragraph-class-8"> <table class="table-class-3"> <tbody> <tr> <td>YKSIKKÖ</td> <td> </td> <td>MONIKKO</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-1"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><strong>Suomennos</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">ett äppl<span class="editor underline">e</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">äpplet</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">äpple<strong>n</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">äpplena</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>omena</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">ett fot<span class="editor underline">o</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">fotot</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">foto<strong>n</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">fotona</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>valokuva</em></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <ul><!--filtered attribute: data-init="done"--> <li> <div class="listitem"><strong>Ett-sukuiset vokaaliloppuiset sanat.</strong></div> </li> </ul> <div class="paragraph-class-8"><br/> <span class="inline-class-1">➤</span><span> </span>5. taivutusluokka: –<br/> <br/> </div> <div class="paragraph-class-8"> <div class="cloubi-froala-table-wrapper"> <table class="table-class-3"> <tbody> <tr> <td>YKSIKKÖ</td> <td> </td> <td>MONIKKO</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-1"><strong>Epämääräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3"><strong>Määräinen</strong></td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><strong>Suomennos</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">ett hu<span class="editor underline">s</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">huset</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">hus<span class="editor underline">  </span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">husen</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>talo</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en lär<span class="editor underline">are</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">läraren</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">lärare<span class="editor underline">  </span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">lärarna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>opettaja</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en mus<span class="editor underline">iker</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">musikern</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">musiker<span class="editor underline">  </span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">musikerna</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>muusikko</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="table-cell-class-5">en studer<span class="editor underline">ande</span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-4">studeranden</td> <td class="table-cell-class-1">studerande<span class="editor underline">  </span></td> <td class="table-cell-class-3">studerandena</td> <td class="table-cell-class-2"><em>opiskelija</em></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <ul><!--filtered attribute: data-init="done"--> <li> <div class="listitem"><strong>Ett-sukuiset konsonanttiloppuiset sanat. En-sukuiset -are, -iker ja -ande </strong><br/> <strong>-päätteiset, usein tekijää tarkoittavat sanat.</strong></div> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> 2025-06-21T08:52:48+03:00