25. Estonia

Basic facts: Estonia

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Surface area: 45 226 km²

Population: 1,3 million.

Currency: euro

Most important livelihoods: energy production, industry, services

Capital city: Tallinn.

Study the map of Estonia on Google Maps.

Livelihoods

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Estonia is a small, self-sufficient country. Its most important energy source is oil shale, which is mined in the north-eastern parts of the nation. Power plants use the oil shale to produce electricity and heat.

The most important industrial regions of Estonia are also located in the north-eastern parts of the country, as well as near the capital city of Tallinn on the shores of the Baltic Sea. The most important sectors of Estonian industry include the paper, forest and textile industries.

Tourism is also an important livelihood. Especially Finnish tourism is common in the northern parts of the nation, mostly focused in the beautiful, medieval capital city of Tallinn.

Nature

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Estonia is a sparsely populated nation. Because of this, Estonia is home to many wilderness areas. Over half of the nation's land surface area is comprised of forests, whereas over one fifth consists of bogs.

Estonia is a relatively flat country. It has many lakes, and its shores are full of islands.

The Estonian nature contains of both broadleaf and coniferous forests. The most common tree species are familiar to us Finns: pine, spruce, birch and aspen. Some broadleaf trees, such as oaks and maples, are far more common in Estonia than they are in Finland. This is due to the nation's southern location and warmer climate.

Terminology

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Estonia
Term	Explanation
oil shale	A type of rock that contains oil and is used in energy production.