ENA6 / Haaksluoto / 2026 - 2027 / 1. periodi

KOEALUE:

2026-08-05T12:04:45+03:00

KOE on keskiviikkona 30.9.2026 klo 17.00 – 21.00 luokassa 31. Koe on Otavan sähköinen koe. Ota mukaan oma kannettavasi täyteen ladattuna sekä tarvittavat sähköjohdot että LANGALLISET KUULOKKEET.

Koealue:

VOCABULARY
Text 2 You’ve got mail p. 10 – 25
Text 5 We want you! p. 50 – 59
Glossary: Education p. 36 – 38
Glossary: Working life p. 60 – 61
Glossary: Economy p. 112 – 113
GRAMMAR
Adjectives & Adverbs p. 152 – 173
Reported Speech p. 174 – 185
Verb + Preposition p. 187 – 191
Noun + Preposition p. 197 – 200
Adjective + Preposition p. 203 – 209
LISTENING COMPREHENSION & VIDEOS
READING COMPREHENSION
PRODUCTION (700 – 1,300 characters)

course outline / kurssiohjelma

2026-08-24T16:59:02+03:00

ENA6 / SCHOOL YEAR 2026 - 2027 / PERIOD I

Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukio, Urheilukatu 10 - 12, 00250 Helsinki

Teacher: Erja H. Haaksluoto, e-mail: erja.haaksluoto@tyk.fi

Available for consultation: before and after the lessons and on Mondays at 20.05 - 20.45 hours (= so-called KIELIKLINIKKA) either in class room 31 at Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukio, Urheilukatu 10 – 12, 00250 Helsinki (except NOT during the exam weeks) or online on Google Meet at the following link: meet.google.com/her-rxva-umj

Book: Elina Karapalo – Paula Keltto – Mark Kilmer – Päivi Kuusivaara – Teijo Päkkilä – Annukka Suonio: New Insights Module 6 (Otava)

SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE COURSE:

On course 6 we are focusing on three main themes: future, studying and working. In grammar and structures we shall deal with some important structures such as ADJECTIVES, and ADVERBS, REPORTED SPEECH, and PREPOSITIONS.

We shall meet 11 (eleven) times on Mondays and Wednesdays at 17.00 - 18.20 hours in class room 31 or online on Google Meet at the following link: meet.google.com/her-rxva-umj as follows:

STUDY PLAN:

August 24, 2026: Introduction to the course // Home Assignments: Curriculum Vitae & Personal Statement p. 142 – 145 // Text 2 You’ve got mail p. 11 – 14 / ex. 2c p. 16

August 26, 2026 GRAMMAR: ADJECTIVES p. 154 – 160 / ex. 2 & 3 p. 161

August 31, 2026: ex. 5 p. 162; ex. 6 & 7 p. 163 - 164 // GRAMMAR: ADVERBS p. 166 – 169

September 2, 2026: ex. 10 & 11 p. 143; ex. 12 p. 144 – 145; ex. 13 p. 145 // GRAMMAR: REPORTED SPEECH (STATEMENTS) p. 146 – 150

September 7, 2026: Glossary: Education p. 36 / ex. A p. 37 // Text 5 We want you! p. 51 - 53

September 9, 2026: ex. 5b & 5c p. 55 // ex. C p. 38 // Glossary: Working life p. / ex. A, B & C p. 61

September 14, 2026: GRAMMAR: REPORTED SPEECH (INDIRECT QUESTIONS) p. 176 – 178 // ex. 18 p. 180

September 16, 2026: ex. 21 p. 182 // COMMANDS, PROHIBITIONS, AND REQUESTS p. 184 / ex. 27 p. 185 // ex. 28 p. 185 // Glossary: Economy p. 112

September 21, 2026: PREPOSITIONS p. 187 – 191 / ex. 31 p. 193 / ex. 34 p. 196 // ex. A, B & C p. 113

September 23, 2026: GRAMMAR: NOUNS AND PREPOSITIONS p. 197 – 200 / GRAMMAR: ADJECTIVES AND PREPOSITIONS p. 203 - 209

September 28, 2026: ex. 38 p. 202 // ex. 41 &; 42 p. 212 // Repetitia

HOME ASSIGNMENTS:

CV (CURRICULUM VITAE) in English / DEADLINE: on September 23rd, 2026 / Before you do anything, have a close look at pages 142 - 143!
PERSONAL STATEMENT (200 – 300 words) (= exercise 1 / STEP 1, page 145) DEADLINE: on September 23rd, 2026 / Before you do anything, have a close look at pages 144 - 145!

DIGITAL EXAM at 17.00 – 21.00 hours on Wednesday, September 30th, 2026:

The exam consists of the following parts:

a) LC / listening comprehension
b) RC / reading comprehension
c) MC / multiple choice
d) Grammar: 1) adjectives, 2) adverbs, 3) reported speech, 4) verbs without prepositions, 5) verbs with prepositions, 6) adjectives with prepositions, 7) nouns with prepositions
e) Translations and vocabulary on the texts that we have dealt with during the course
f) Composition of 700 – 1,300 characters

THE GRADE ON COURSE 6 CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING:

Written digital exam with the listening parts at 17.00 – 21.00 hours on Wednesday, September 30th, 2026
Home Assignments (+)
Activity during the lessons (+)

You will have your exams back on e-mail.

RETAKE EXAM:

at 17.00 – 20.05 hours on Friday, on October 30th, 2026 = UUSINTAKOE, johon on ehdottomasti ILMOITTAUDUTTAVA ETUKÄTEEN kansliasta saatavalla vaaleansinisellä lomakkeella viimeistään VIIKKOA ENNEN KOETTA eli perjantaina 23.10.2026. Uusintakoelomakkeesta on myös olemassa sähköinen lomake. Nettisivuilla on pdf, jonka voi suoraan täyttää ja lähettää liitetiedostona kansliaan. Lomake löytyy täältä: https://www.tyk.fi/aikuislukio/tietoa/lomakkeet/

Opettajan tervehdys

Olen Erja Haaksluoto ja opetan englantia Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukiossa. Olen valmistunut Helsingin yliopistosta ja ollut Töölön yhteiskoulun aikuislukiossa syyskuusta 1989 lähtien. Rakastan oopperaa, balettia, klassista musiikkia, konsertteja, kirjallisuutta, runoutta, teatteria, museoita, taidenäyttelyjä - siis kulttuuria - ja kieliä. Rakastan myös opettamista. Olet lämpimästi ja sydämellisesti tervetullut tälle englannin kurssille.

August 24th, 2026

2026-08-24T20:34:38+03:00

HW: ex. 2b & 2c p. 16

prestige (n.) = arvovalta; maine; arvostus
prestigious (adj.) = arvostettu

apply to a school (v.) = hakea kouluun
an applicant (n.) = hakija
an application (n.) = hakemus

August 26th, 2026

2026-08-27T12:25:21+03:00

HW: ex. 2d & 2e & 2f & 2g p. 17 - 21, ex. 2 & 3 p. 161, ex. 5 p. 162

ADJECTIVES:
1. yksitavuiset
slow, slower, the slowest
I am slow.
I am as slow as you. = Minä olen yhtä hidas kuin Sinä.
I am slower than you. = Minä olen hitaampi kuin Sinä.
Who is the slowest?
monitavuiset:
difficult, more difficult, the most difficult
-ing- / -ed-päätteiset adjektiivit:
interesting, more interesting, the most interesting
talented, more talented, the most talented
kaksitavuiset:
clever / gentle / likely / polite / subtle / simple...
polite, politer / more polite, the politest / the most polite
molemmat mahdollisia, mutta apusanalla tehdyt tavallisempia:
simple, simpler / more simple, the simplest / the most simple
NB! loppukonsonantti kahdentuu:
big, bigger, the biggest
thin, thinner, the thinnest
y:tä ennen konsonantti: y muuttuu i:ksi: pretty, prettier, the prettiest

2. vain predikatiivina
aware: I am aware of it.
glad: I am glad.
well: = terve (Are you well?)
alive: He is still alive. BUT: atribuuttina: It is a living creature.
afraid: Are you afraid of death?
ajar: The door was ajar.
asleep: He was asleep. BUT: She is a sleeping beauty.
awake: He was awake.
alone: He lived alone. BUT: He was a lonely person.

3. similar to s-g
Matti is similar to Maija. (= Matti on samanlainen kuin Maija.)
They are similar to each other.
superior to // inferior to
I used to feel inferior to other people. (= huonompi kuin muut ihmiset)
He used to feel superior to us. (= parempi kuin me)

4. "mitä pikemmin, sitä parempi"
= The sooner, the better.
The older I grow, the wiser I get. (= Mitä vanhemmaksi tulen, sitä viisammaksi tulen.)
The more I know, the less I know in fact.

5. adjektiivin substantivoiminen
rich / poor
The problems of the rich are different from the problems of the poor. (= Rikkaiden ongelmat ovat erilaisia kuin köyhien ongelmat.)
NB! asia on yksikkö: The unknown scares me me. (= Tuntematon pelottaa minua.)

6. -s, -sh, -ch ja -ese-loppuiset kansallisuutta osoittavat adjektiivit: English / British / Welsh / Irish // French / Dutch // Japanese/ Chinese / Portuguese...; laittamalla määräisen artikkelin etenn, saa koko kansaa osoittavan substantiivin:
The English always talk about the weather.
The British drink a lot of tea.
The Welsh are proud of their own language.
The Irish are often red-haired.
The French are proud of their beautiful language.
The Japanese are always very polite.
The Chinese have invented many things.
The Portuguese have always been good seafarers as well as the Dutch.
The Swiss are hard workers.

mow, mowed, mown / mowed the lawn = cut the grass
a lawn mower (n.) = ruohonleikkuri

alkuperäinen lause: After we had carefully reviewed your application,...
= (lauseenvastike) After carefully reviewing your application,...

ostentatious = pompous = mahtipontinen

katsomisen prepositio on at:
look at s-g: Look at me.
glance at s-g: Eric glanced at his dirty shirt.
stare at s-g: It is not polite to stare at other people.
gaze at s-g = tuijottaa jtkt: They gazed at us.

calculus (n.) = (integraali)laskenta
a dorm = a dormitory = makuusali / nyk. opiskelija-asuntola

August 31st, 2026

2026-08-31T20:17:30+03:00

HW: ex. 9 & 10 p. 170 / ex. 6 & 7 p. 163 - 164

ADVERBS:
slowly, more slowly, most slowly
I walk slowly. = Minä kävelen hitaasti.
I walk more slowly than you. = Minä kävelen hitaammin kuin Sinä.
I walk most slowly. = Minä kävelen hitaimmin.

beautifully, more beautifully, most beautifully
NB!
adjektiivi on samannäköinen kuin adverbi
early: She is an early bird. adverbi: She wakes up early.
fast: Kimi Räikkönen is a fast driver. adverbi: He drives fast.

NB! adverbilla on kaksi muotoa ja merkitystä
It was buried deep in the ground.
deeply: She was deeply hurt.
hard: Matti works hard.
hardly: He hardly works.
hardly = barely = scarcely = TUSKIN

high: He flies high.
He is highly educated.

different to / from / than s-g
I am different from / to / than you.

exercises 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f & 2g:

2026-09-21T15:11:32+03:00

2c Spot the phrase Spot the phrase. How are these phrases expressed in the text?
1. it must have looked pretty weird
2. far more terrifying
3. our neighbour across the street
4. that's what I had been told by family members
5. obligated to say such things
6. wasn't good enough for Harvard
7. after carefully reviewing your application
8. in the event that
9. a life or death situation
10. a safe distance away from oncoming traffic
11. all my hard work had actually paid off
12. in typical Harvard fashion
13. they were too busy cheering
14. giggling with delight while reading it
15. turned the page

Ratkaisut 2d Fill in according to the clues. Use the previous exercise for help. A few years ago, I learned that sometimes it 1. pays off to ask for help. It was time to write my college application essays but I was afraid 2. I wasn’t smart enough and wouldn’t stand out from the crowd. My high school teachers said I was a bright student, but they were just 3. obligated to say so. Finally, my mother told me to ask Mr Fuller from 4. across the street to 5. review my application. He was a retired English Professor but he was very intimidating. However, the thought of not getting into college was 6. far more terrifying / frightening / scary, so I decided to go over to his house. This was 7. a life or death situation / a matter of life or death, after all. I reminded my mum that my funeral song choice was “Another one bites the dust” (8. in the event that / in case I wouldn’t make it back.) Mr Fuller opened the door and stared at me 9. in his typical grim fashion / manner / way. I explained my situation and he agreed to go through my application. He wasn’t exactly 10. laughing with joy / delight when he read my essay, but he wasn’t cringing with embarrassment either. In the end, I got some useful advice and eventually I got into the college I had hoped to get into.

2e Translate the questions into English. Then take turns answering them with your partner.
1. Do you already know which institutions of further study you'd be interested in applying to? Which ones and why?
2. In your view/opinion, what are the characteristics of a strong applicant?
3. Would a failure to get / not getting accepted make you more determined or hesitant/doubtful about your career choice? Why?
4. What kind of advice would you give to an unsuccessful applicant who is about to abandon / give up their career plans?
5. Would your world collapse or would you remain cheerful and enthusiastic if your friends got accepted and you didn't?
6. Is acceptance always a positive thing and a rejection a negative one? Explain your views.

2f Fill in the crossword. 1. neatly 2. attest 3. hastily 4. affection 5. cease 6. attend 7. ban 8. determine 9. sceptical 10. decent 11. enthusiastic 12. abandon 13. delight 14. indicate

2g Choose the best alternative. 1.b, 2.c, 3.a, 4.c, 5.b, 6.c, 7.c, 8.d, 9.a, 10.d, 11.a, 12.c, 13.c, 14.a, 15.c, 16.b, 17.b, 18.b, 19.d, 20.a.

Teksti

2026-09-02T20:23:56+03:00

HW: ex. 12 p. 144 - 145, ex. 13 p. 145; ex. 18 p. 180

Reported speech:
"Finland still has Europe's worst unemployment."
a) PM Petteri Orpo claims / says / tells the press that Finland still has Europe's worst unemployment.
b) PM Petteri Orpo claimed / said / told the press that Finland still had Europe's worst unemployment.
a) Statements
"I have never been to Brazil."
a) Erja says / tells us / claims that she has never been to Brazil.
b) Erja said / told us / claimed that she had never been to Brazil.
"I am happy."
a) Erja says that she is happy.
b) Erja said that she was happy.
"I was at school yesterday."
a) Erja says that she was at school yesterday.
b) Erja said that she was / had been at school the day before / the previous day.
"I will go to the dentist tomorrow."
a) Erja tells us that she will go to the dentist tomorrow.
b) Erja told us that she would go to the dentist the next / following day.

good old England
She has a grandmother who is 88 (years old).
Her 88-year-old grandmother is in good physical condition.

Jos adjektiivi päättyy -ic-päätteeseen, adverbissä tulee -ally-pääte:
automatically
dramatically
systematically
NB! public
publicly = in public

adjektiiveja: friendly: She is a friendly person.
lovely: You have a lovely smile.
lively: Mary is a lively girl
silly: Don't be silly.
adverbit:
She smiled at me in a friendly way / manner fashion.
Mary talked in a lively way.
She treated other people in a lovely way.
Don't behave in such a silly way!

Teksti

2026-09-02T20:30:44+03:00

exercise 6 Fill in according to the clues.
1. My baby sister is five years old, but I also have a twenty-year-old brother.
2. The news said that every young person / every teenager spends an astounding number of hours per day online.
3. Are you afraid of the unknown?
4. That’s it! You’re grounded for the next / the following three weeks.
5. Do you think young people / the young are more open-minded than old people / the old?
6. There are more 90-year-olds now than ever before.
7. Good old Peter. You can always trust him to take care of all the silly little details.
8. The past few weeks / The last couple of weeks have been the best weeks of my life.
9. My grandmother lived in that little red cottage up on the hill.

exercise 7 Fill in. I'm studying at 1. one of the best universities in London. It has 2. enormous / huge / massive stone buildings. It has all the facilities a good college should have, including 3. well-furnished classrooms and laboratories, and even our library is 4. better than / superior to that of any other school. Our new librarian is also 5. much / a lot more helpful than the previous one. Our dean is 6. by far the strictest disciplinarian there is, but I don’t think he is 7. as scary / frightening as some of the students say. However, if anyone violates the rules, they get punished. 8. “The more active you are in your studies, 9. the more versatile your future options will be”, he says. At our university, special attention is paid to behaviour and punctuality. 10. The best-behaved and 11. (the) most punctual student is awarded a prize every year. My university is very 12. similar to my dad’s school, except his was an all-boys school. My dad says getting a good education is becoming 13. more and more valuable / worthwhile in the modern world. But he also says it is 14. even more vital / crucial to do what really makes me happy.

Teksti

2026-09-02T20:38:35+03:00

exercise 9 Work with a partner and change the adjectives into adverbs.
1. carefully
2. gently
3. happily
4. dramatically
5. in a friendly way/manner
6. hard
7. possibly
8. well
9. wholly
10. funnily
11. early
12. automatically
13. publicly / in public
14. beautifully
15. badly
16. briefly
17. shyly
18. straight
19. duly
20. late

exercise 10 Work with a partner and say the sentences in English.
1. They lived happily ever after.
2. Peter works very hard and still always smiles kindly / in a friendly way / manner.
3. I’ll be/come home shortly / soon.
4. Briefly explain to me what happened. / Explain to me briefly what happened.
5. Do you always sleep this late?
6. I’ve woken up before seven every morning lately / recently.
7. I hate to sing in public / publicly.
8. The car was slipping / slipped sideways on the road.
9. Do you think it is important to be highly educated?
10. The movie / film last night was totally / really amazing.

September 7th, 2026

2026-09-09T11:17:59+03:00

HW: ex. 16 p. 179; ex. 20 & 21 p. 182

lingerie = women's underwear

After she had already scheduled the interview on her schedule, ...
= Having scheduled the interview on her schedule, ...

well-known, better-known, the best-known

far - farther - the farthest (kun on kysymys välimatkoista)
Kilpisjärvi is farther then Oulu.

far - further - the the furthest
For further information, go to the office.
further education

awkward = strange = bizarre = odd

apolegetic (adj.)
apologetically (adverb)

Teksti

2026-09-09T11:21:08+03:00

exercise
12 Fill in according to the Finnish clues. Check your answers by listening to the stories. Have you ever wondered what 1. the worst job interview would be like? How would you react if you experienced something 2. as strange / weird / bizarre / dd as the following examples? “I was interviewing for a job that sounded 3. more suitable than any job I had ever applied for. During the 4. two-hour interview, I realised that couldn’t have been 5. further from the truth. Towards the end the questions were getting 6. more and more confusing. At the end of the 7. awkwardly long interview, the interviewer 8. apologetically told me that even though I was 9. perfectly qualified for the job, they had already decided to hire somebody else. Having already scheduled the interview on her schedule, she said she didn’t want her time to go to waste. I guess my time was so much 10. less important, it didn’t matter.” “In my early twenties I had an interview at 11. one of the best-known department stores. Wanting to make a long-lasting first impression, I decided to focus on every detail. So I wore my best skirt even though I had gained a few pounds since buying it. I was 12. well-prepared to answer every question 13. briefly but informatively enough, and I was convinced they would hire me. The personnel manager greeted me 14. in a friendly way / manner/ fashion and my confidence grew 15. greater and greater as I walked in front of him towards his office. Once at the office he looked 16. strangely uncomfortable. Before I managed to say a word, he suggested that I would go to the ladies room to check on my skirt. To my horror, the mirror in the ladies room revealed a huge tear in my skirt. My face turned 17. as red as the underwear that was showing. I was 18. way / much / far too embarrassed to return to the office having been showing off my underwear 19. in public / publicly. In addition to not getting the job, I decided it was 20. best to do my shopping in another store in the future as well.”

exercise 13 Translate the questions. After checking them, take turns asking and answering them in pairs or small groups. (Suggested)
1. What will be the fastest-growing fields of study in the future?
2. Is it more and more important to be highly educated (in order) to get a well-paid job?
3. What are the most dangerous jobs of all / by far the most dangerous jobs and why? / What jobs are the most dangerous of all and why?
4. Would you rather do a physically demanding job or study hard / diligently to become a lawyer, for example?
5. The better the salary, the bigger / greater the responsibility. Do you agree (with this)?
6. Do young people / the young have as strong a work ethic as older generations?

Teksti

2026-09-09T11:16:22+03:00

exercise 18 Turn the direct quotes into reported speech.
1. Grandma, it says here in the paper (that) the new Prime Minister is proud of his government.
2. Your grandson said (that) the unemployment rate had gone down / 'd gone down.
3. Your grandson told you (that) Shark Tank wouldn't be / would not be on the next / following day.
4. It says here in the paper (that) the new Miss Finland doesn't like / does not like ice-hockey players.
5. Your grandson said (that) the local fire brigade rescued / had rescued a cat from a tree the previous day / the day before.
6. Your grandson said (that) there was a huge sand storm on Boa Vista and the tourists were trapped.
7. Your grandson told you (that) the price of ice-cream had fallen that week.
8. Your grandson said (that) spring fashion wasn't going to be / isn't going to be / was not going to be / is not going to be all about pastels and floral prints.

September 9th, 2026

2026-09-10T12:18:08+03:00

HW: ex. A, B & C p. 37 - 38

He is majoring in Physics.
His minors are Chemistry and Geology.

A-levels = Advanced levels
O-levels = Ordinary levels
the National Curriculum = valtakunnallinen ops = opetussuunitelma

sign up for a course = enrol on a course = ilmoittautua kurssille

graduate (v.) = valmistua (mistä tajansa oppilaitoksesta)
a high school graduate (Am.) = vastaa meidän abirurienttia
a postgraduate = jatko-opintoja yliopistossa tekevä opiskelija
an undergraduate = yliopisto-opiskelija

a thesis // many theses = väitöskirja

B. Sc. = Bachelor of Science (luonnontieteiden puolelta)
M. Sc. = Master of Science (luonnontieteiden puolelta)

a dissertation = väitöskirja

"What are the circumstances of your current living environment?"
Mr Smith asks me what the circumstances of my current living environment are.
epäsuorassa kysymyksessä on AINA suora sanajärjestys eli SUBJEKTI ensin ja vasta sitten predikaatti

exercise 20 p. 182

2026-09-10T12:21:01+03:00

1. “What is the term of this loan?”	I’d like to know…	what the term of this loan is.
2. “What is the interest rate?”	Can you tell me…	what the interest rate is?
3. “Is the rate fixed or adjustable?”	I’m wondering…	if / whether the rate is fixed or adjustable.
4. “When can the interest rate be adjusted?”	Do you happen to know…	when the interest rate can be adjusted?
5. “How much will my monthly payment be?”	I’d like to know…	how much my monthly payment will be.
6. “How will the interest rate be calculated?”	Have you got any idea…	how the interest rate will be calculated?
7. “Is the amount I owe going to increase over time?”	I’m not sure…	if / whether the amount I owe is going to increase over time.
8. “What are the qualifications for the loan?”	Tell me…	what the qualifications for the loan are.
9. “Why do you recommend this loan to me?”	I’d like to know…	why you recommend this loan to me.
10. “Are there other loans that also meet my needs?”	I’m wondering…	if / whether there are other loans that also meet my needs.
11. “Did you say that I would have to make a decision soon?”	I can’t remember…	if / whether you said that I would have to make a decision soon.
12. “Does the loan have to be paid back?”	I’m not sure…	if / whether the loan has to be paid back.

exercise 21 p. 182

2026-09-10T12:23:30+03:00

1. “Can you tell us a little about yourself?”	First the interviewers asked me…	if / whether I could tell them a little about myself.
2. “How did you hear about the vacancy?”	Then they wanted to know…	how I had heard about the vacancy.
3. “Why do you want this job?”	They also asked me…	why I wanted that job.
4. “Why should we hire you?”	They were wondering…	why they should hire me.
5. “What are your greatest strengths?”	I had to tell them…	what my greatest strengths are/were.
6. “What do you consider your weaknesses?”	Then they needed to know…	what I consider / considered my weaknesses.
7. “Where do you see yourself in five years?”	They inquired…	where I saw myself in five years.
8. “What’s your dream job?”	They wondered…	what my dream job is/was.
9. “Why are you leaving your current job?”	They asked me…	why I was leaving my current job.
10. “How have you dealt with stressful situations in the past?”	They wondered…	how I had dealt with stressful situations in the past.
11. “What do you like to do in your free time?”	They wanted to know…	what I like / liked to do in my free time.
12. “Do you have any questions for us?”	They asked me…	if / whether I had any questions for them.

September 14th, 2026

2026-09-14T18:27:10+03:00

HW: ex. A, B & C p. 61; ex. 5b, c & d p. 55 - 56

vacancies
a vacancy

employ (v.) = työllistää
an employee (n.) = työntekijä
an employer (n.) = työnantaja
employment (n.) = työllisyys
unemployment (n.) = työttömyys
an unemployment benefit (n.) = työttömyyskorvaus
employable (adj.) = työllistettävä
employability (n.) = työllistettävyys

savvy = intelligent

Business is business.
He has a successful business. = liikeyritys

He was on sick leave.

CV = Curriculum Vitae = ansioluettelo
résumé (AmE)

Teksti

2026-09-14T18:35:32+03:00

Glossary: Education
exercise A In 1. junior high I had no idea that I would be writing my 2. thesis / doctoral thesis in biochemistry. Biology was one of my least favourite subjects in 3. upper secondary school / senior high school / high school / sixth form and I didn’t take any 4. optional / elective courses on biology, let alone chemistry. After 5. graduating, I started to think what I might become eventually. I had poor grades from my 6. matriculation examination, meaning that I would have to 7. retake / resit nearly all the exams and consider taking new ones as well. And I started 8. cramming / to cram in earnest. Gradually, biology became fascinating and first jokingly, I started talking about 9. majoring in biology. And that was the course I eventually 10. applied for and got accepted to as well. I spent a year at Stockholm University as an 11. undergraduate, which gave me a clear idea of what my 12. Master’s thesis / master's thesis would be about. It took me a year to complete it, but I was praised for my work. And one thing led to another, so I found myself applying for 13. grants / a grant and getting prepared for 14. postgraduate studies. So here I am.

exercise B 1. semester 2. elective 3. thesis 4. major 5. enrol 6. flunk 7. faculty 8. polytechnic 9. applicant 10. university 11. credit 12. grant 13. non-graded 14. report 15. exam 16. campus 17. diploma

exercise C (Suggested)
1. Do you always have a full / busy schedule / timetable in each / every period?
2. I got a lot of new friends at the start / beginning of non-graded upper secondary school.
3. In comprehensive school I used to get good grades / marks.
4. Right now I'm studying for entrance exams.
5. A university of applied sciences / a polytechnic and open university also interest me. / I'm also interested in …

September 16th, 2026

2026-09-16T20:26:25+03:00

HW: ex. 24 p. 183 & ex. 25 p. 184

stand out (v.)
outstanding = excellent (adj.)

personnel = staff
personal (adj.): This is strictly personal.

exercise A p. 61

2026-09-16T20:28:40+03:00

Example answer:

1. My aunt resigned in January and has been applying for a job / has been looking for work ever since.

2. Many restaurants and hotels seem to be interested in finding more personnel these days.

3. Is it a good fringe benefit to get free lunches at the restaurant where you work?

4. Is the nearby cafe hiring / employing new employees / workers at the moment?

5. It's owned by an entrepreneur who works all hours.

6. Will you never rest if you run a business / an enterprise?

Teksti

2026-09-16T20:30:26+03:00

exercise B p. 61

Fill in the blanks. The ends of the words have been given.

When choosing an 1. occupation, the first thing to come to mind probably isn’t the 2. retirement age. Regardless of your career 3. prospects and even chances of getting a 4. promotion, the fact is that you need money to hang your hat early and become an old age 5. pensioner. The higher your
6. salary, the easier it should be to save some money while still in
7. working life. 8. QualifiSkilled physicians, surgeons and orthodontists tend to earn nicely. As far as people outside the medical 9. professoccupations are concerned, there are also 10. entrepreneurs who manage to retire early. This is worth considering if you are looking for an 11. apprenticeship and choosing firms to gain experience. Who knows, you might set up your own successful
12. company one of these days.

Teksti

2026-09-16T20:33:42+03:00

exercise C p. 61

Translate the questions.


1. Kuinka tuttu tämä ala on sinulle?	How familiar are you with this (line of) business? / How familiar is this (line of) business / work to you?
2. Kuinka usein päivität ansioluettelosi?	How often do you update your CV / résumé?
3. Kuinka kauan olet hakenut työpaikkaa?	How long have you been applying for a job?
4. Millaisia luontaisetuja odotat?	What kind of perks/fringe benefits do you expect?
5. Oletko koskaan ollut lakossa tai pakkolomalla?	Have you ever been on strike or furloughed / on unpaid holiday?
6. Olisitko halukas työskentelemään provisiolla?	Would you be willing to work on commission?
7. Oletko koskaan harkinnut yksityisyrittäjäksi ryhtymistä?	Have you ever considered becoming an entrepreneur / a self-employed person?
8. Millaiset suositukset edellinen työnantajasi antoi sinulle?	What kind of references did your previous employer give you?
9. Mikä on kohtuullinen irtisanomiskorvaus sinun mielestäsi?	What is a reasonable severance payment in your opinion?
10. Mikä saisi sinut eroamaan työpaikastasi?	What would make you quit your job / resign?

exercises 5b, c & d p. 55 - 56

2026-09-16T20:39:12+03:00

exercise 5b Spot the phrase. How are these expressed in the text?
1. a better than average chance of getting work after graduation
2. an impressive range of skills
3. a real edge when competing with graduates from other disciplines
4. a period of further study and work experience
5. enhance their employability
6. the largest increase in vacancies
7. demand is strong
8. higher unemployment rates
9. stand out in the labour market

exercise 5c Translate the following questions. Take turns in asking and answering them in pairs.
1. What helps graduates (to) stand out in the labour / job market?
2. Do you think it’s more important to acquire skills that can be applied to many jobs / professions than to focus on being excellent at one thing?
3. Which graduates have the highest unemployment rates and which are easily employable?
4. Which industries do you believe will have the largest increase in vacancies in the next 10 years and why?
5. What would you be willing to do to enhance your employability if your degree wasn’t enough / sufficient?

exercise 5d Fill in the missing words and prepositions. 1. Graduating from university doesn’t necessarily guarantee a graduate-level job. 2. According to experts, there are certain things that will make you more desirable 3. on / in the job / labour market. Graduates who have the abilities to 4. work in various fields are much more likely to find jobs 5. compared to / with graduates with a more limited 6. range of skills. Naturally, young people prefer to study things they are genuinely 7. interested in, but it would make sense to consider fields where there seems to be 8. an increase in / a growth in the number of vacancies. Of course, there are plenty of other factors that 9. contribute to a person becoming employed. Graduates 10. benefit greatly from work placements which 11. provides them with hands-on experience that they can later 12. build on. It might be 13. beneficial for you to consider studies that 14. report on graduate destinations, but to what degree would you be willing to 15. move into a career solely 16. based on its employment rates?

September 21st, 2026

2026-09-21T18:38:32+03:00

HW: ex. 27 & 28 p. 185; ex. A & B & C p. 112 - 113, ex. 32 p. 194 - 195

Verbit ILMAN prepositiota:
marry s-b
Marry me!
divorce s-b
He divorced his wife.
discuss s-g
We discussed politics.
visit a place
Have you ever visited New York City?
You attend a night school / an evening school.
kun sana on VERBINÄ: affect = influence = impact = impress
Sales affect inflation.

verbejä, jota saavat kaksi objektia:
ask s-b s-g
The teacher asked me a very difficult question.
envy s-b s-g
Everybody envied her her beauty.

(a) tax on s-g

borrow (= ottaa lainaksi): Could I borrow money from you?
lend, lent, lent = antaa lainaksi
He lent me money.
loan

economical = taloudellinen; säästäväinen
He has an economical wife.
economic = talouteen liittyvä

3. Commands, requests & prohibitions:
She tells me to go home.
OBJEKTI + INFINITIIVI
forbid, forbade, forbidden = kieltää
"Don't swim too far."
Mother warned the children not swim too far.
"To be or not to be..." (Shakespeare: Hamlet)

an enigma = a mystery

"What happened in the end?"
"Why did you dance on the table?"

Teksti

2026-09-21T20:15:38+03:00

exercise 24 p. 183

More advanced. Translate into English.


1. En muista, mitä tapahtui juhlien lopuksi.	I don't / do not remember / recall what happened at the end of the party.
2. Kaikki kysyivät minulta, miksi olin tanssinut pöydällä.	Everybody / Everyone asked me why I had been dancing / 'd been dancing / was dancing on the table.
3. Naapurimme haluavat tietää, koska palautat heidän kissansa ja koiransa.	Our neighbours want to know when you're going to return / you are going to return their cat and dog.
4. Miksi et ole kertonut minulle, mitä tein?	Why haven't you told me what I did?
5. Haluaisin tietää, täytyykö minun pyytää kaikilta anteeksi.	I'd like to know / I would like to know if/whether I have to apologize to everybody / everyone.
6. En ole varma, puhuvatko ystäväni vielä minulle.	I'm not sure / I am not sure if/whether my friends are still talking / 're still talking to me.
7. Kysyitkö Jamesilta, muistaako hän, mitä tapahtui?	Did you ask James if / whether he remembers/recalls what happened?
8. Ihmettelen, miksi kaikki on niin suurta arvoitusta.	I'm wondering / I am wondering / I wonder why everything is such a big mystery / enigma.

Teksti

2026-09-21T20:19:30+03:00

exercise 25 p. 184

Someone gives you ten pieces of advice. Turn the direct quotes into reported speech.


1. “Do your homework.” He told me ...	He told me to do my homework.
2. “Don’t start a fight you can’t win.”	He told me not to start a fight I couldn't win.
3. “Expect complications.”	He told me to expect complications.
4. “Accept your dark side.”	He told me to accept my dark side.
5. “Don’t act unnaturally.”	He told me not to act unnaturally.
6. “Understand how the system works.”	He told me to understand how the system works/worked.
7. “Believe in the system.”	He told me to believe in the system.
8. “Don’t think any plan is foolproof.”	He told me not to think any plan is/was foolproof.
9. “Never work alone.”	He told me never to work alone.
10. “Don’t forget to wear a pair of pantyhose over your head.”	He told me not to forget to wear a pair of pantyhose over my head.
– Who was giving you advice?	A retired bank robber was giving you advice. Not that you would ever rob a bank, would you?

September 23rd, 2026

2026-09-23T20:43:48+03:00

HW: ex. 33 p. 195 & ex. 34 p. 196 & ex. 36 p. 201
If you have time, please, study pages 203 - 209

complain (v.) about s-g
a complaint (n.) = valitus

contain (v.)

leave, left, left
Lady Diana left London.
Lady Diana left London for Paris.

LOOK:
1. look at s-b
Look at me.
2. look for s-g
What are you looking for?
I am looking for my gloves.
3. look forward to s-g
I look forward to seeing you soon again.
4. look out
Look out! There is a snake on the road.
5. look into s-g
The police officer is looking into the arson.
6. look after s-b
I had to look after my siblings.
7. look up to s-b
I used to look up on my teachers.
8. look down on s-b
He looked down on other people.

participate in s-g = take part in s-g = partake in s-g

He strikes me weird / strange / bizarre. = Hän vaikuttaa minusta omituiselta.

"Nothing compares to you." (Sinéad O'Connor)

SYYTTÄÄ:
1. accuse s-b of s-g
Milosevic Slobodan was accused of genocide.
2. blame s-b for s-g
He blamed me for being late.
3. jos ihminen
Blame it on the weatherman.
4. charge s-b with s-g
He was charged with manslaughter.
5. prosecute s-b for s-g
They prosecuted him for arson.

Teksti

2026-09-23T20:45:56+03:00

exercise 27 p. 185

A mother gave the following advice to a babysitter. Turn the advice into reported speech. Start each sentence with “She told me…”

She told me…


1. “Don’t let the kids stay up late.”	She told me not to let the kids stay up late.
2. “Give them milk and cookies.”	She told me to give them milk and cookies.
3. “Never turn the computer on for them.”	She told me never to turn the computer on for them.
4. “Play board games instead.”	She told me to play board games instead.
5. “Don’t leave them alone with the cat.”	She told me not to leave them alone with the cat.
6. “Don’t leave the door unlocked.”	She told me not to leave the door unlocked.

Teksti

2026-09-23T20:48:01+03:00

exercise 28 p. 185

More advanced. Translate into English.


1. Setäni ehdotti, että matkustaisin Berliiniin opiskelemaan saksaa.	My uncle suggested that I travel to Berlin to study German.
2. Hän sanoo, että opin nopeasti, jos vain yritän.	He says that I will learn fast if I just try / just put my mind to it.
3. Haluaisin tietää, mitä yksi kurssi maksaa.	I'd / would like to know what / how much one course costs.
4. Setäni on kieltänyt minua ajattelemasta kustannuksia.	My uncle has forbidden me to think of the cost / costs / expenses.
5. Hän rohkaisee minua hakemaan.	He's encouraging / is encouraging me to apply.
6. Tiedustelin, aikoiko hän maksaa kaikki kustannukset.	I enquired/inquired if / whether he intended to pay all the costs / expenses.

Teksti

2026-09-23T20:50:54+03:00

exericse 32 p. 194 - 195


1. Nautitko tilastojen tutkimisesta?	Do you enjoy studying / examining statistics?
2. Etkö olekin aina pitänyt minusta?	Haven't you always liked me?
3. Ehkä minun pitäisi mennä naimisiin itseni kanssa?	Maybe I should marry myself?
4. Sinulta ei ole helppoa pyytää neuvoa.	You are not an easy person to consult. / It's not easy to ask you for advice.
5. Miksi et ole vastannut yhteenkään kysymyksistäni?	Why haven't you answered any of my questions?
6. Hiljaisuutesi alkaa vaikuttaa minuun.	Your silence is starting to affect / influence me.
7. Se ei ole oikeastaan tehnyt vaikutusta ystäviinikään.	It hasn't really impressed my friends either.
8. Eikö ole mitään keinoa keskustella tilanteesta?	Isn't there any way to discuss the situation? / Isn't there any way one could discuss the situation?
9. Nautitko mykkäkoulun pitämisestä?	Do you enjoy giving me / people the silent treatment?
10. Pidin sinua todellakin parempana ystävänä.	I really considered you a better friend.
11. Eikö ole mitään keinoa saavuttaa yhteisymmärrystä (consensus)?	Isn't there any way to reach a consensus?
12. Miksi vaadit aina ehdottomasti liittyä seuraani, minne tahansa menen?	Why do you always insist on joining me wherever / anywhere / everywhere I go?
13. Haluaisin lähteä talosta edes kerran ilman sinua.	I'd like to leave the house just once without you.
14. En voi edes vierailla ystävieni luona yksin.	I can't even visit my friends alone.
15. Joskus minun tekee mieli käydä kimppuusi.	Sometimes I feel like attacking you.
16. Mutta jos et voi luottaa omaan varjoosi, kehen voit luottaa?	But if you can't trust your own shadow, who can you trust?

Teksti

2026-09-23T21:00:37+03:00

exericise 31 p. 193

Write the missing verbs and prepositions in the correct form.

When Minnie applied for a job in Florida, she didn’t know anybody there but was looking for a change of scene. ~~(haki)~~
As soon as she arrived at the amusement park she would be working in, she felt right at home. ~~(saapui)~~
Unlike in her previous jobs, she didn't complain about / did not complain about anything. ~~(ei valittanut)~~
She even agreed to do double shifts and felt that it didn't rob her of / didn’t rob her of / didn't deprive of / did not deprive her of her valuable time in the sun. ~~(ei riistänyt häneltä)~~
Her newly found job satisfaction convinced her of the fact that she had found her true calling in life. ~~(vakuutti hänet)~~
There was only one thing that prevented her from being blissfully happy. ~~(esti häntä olemasta)~~
She still hadn’t found that special somebody who she had been waiting for / 'd been waiting for / had waited for / 'd waited for. ~~(oli odottanut)~~
She had met many eager men in the past who had insisted on taking'd insisted on taking’d insisted on taking her out on a date. ~~(olivat halunneet ehdottomasti viedä)~~
Most of her dates had proved to be utter bores who just loved listening to / to listen to the sound of their own voice. ~~(kuunnella)~~
After her divorce from her ex-husband, Minnie had resorted to / 'd resorted to the services of a dating agency. ~~(oli turvautunut)~~
She had found it hard to trust anybody new, because her ex had blamed / 'd blamed Minnie for the divorce. ~~(oli laittanut syyksi)~~
His filing for divorce from her had been based on / 'd been based him catching her goofing around too much. ~~(oli perustunut)~~