https://peda.net/id/42d8fc12c21 2018-09-27T09:33:35+03:00 https://peda.net/:static/532/peda.net.logo.bg.svg <div class="license">Tämän sivun lisenssi <a rel="license" href="https://peda.net/info">Peda.net-yleislisenssi</a></div> https://peda.net/id/4cb39d8cc21 2018-09-28T15:28:43+03:00 <span>Esim. Kuinka monta grammaa magnesiumolsidia (MgO) saadaan, kun 35 grammaa magnesiumia palaa täydellisesti?</span> <div> </div> <div>Tasapainotettu reaktioyhtälö:</div> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=2Mg%5Cleft(s%5Cright)%2BO_2%5Cleft(g%5Cright)%5Crightarrow2MgO%5Cleft(s%5Cright)" alt="2Mg\left(s\right)+O_2\left(g\right)\rightarrow2MgO\left(s\right)"/><br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=m%5Cleft(Mg%5Cright)%3D35g" alt="m\left(Mg\right)=35g"/><br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=M%5Cleft(Mg%5Cright)%3D24%7B%2C%7D31%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D" alt="M\left(Mg\right)=24{,}31\frac{g}{mol}"/><span>¨</span> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=M%5Cleft(MgO%5Cright)%3D%5Cleft(24%7B%2C%7D31%2B16%7B%2C%7D00%5Cright)%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%3D40%7B%2C%7D31%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D" alt="M\left(MgO\right)=\left(24{,}31+16{,}00\right)\frac{g}{mol}=40{,}31\frac{g}{mol}"/><br/> <div>Lasketaan poltetun magnesiumin ainemäärä<br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=n%5Cleft(MgO%5Cright)%3D%5Cfrac%7B35g%7D%7B24%7B%2C%7D31%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%7D%3D1%7B%2C%7D439...mol" alt="n\left(MgO\right)=\frac{35g}{24{,}31\frac{g}{mol}}=1{,}439...mol"/><br/> <div> REAKTIOYHTÄLÖN KERTOIMIEN PERUSTEELLA :</div> </div> </div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=n%5Cleft(MgO%5Cright)%3Dn%5Cleft(Mg%5Cright)%3D1%7B%2C%7D439...mol" alt="n\left(MgO\right)=n\left(Mg\right)=1{,}439...mol"/></div> <span>Lasketaan muodostuneen magnesiumoksidin massa:</span> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=n%3D%5Cfrac%7Bm%7D%7BM%7D%3C%3D%3Em%3Dn%5Ccdot%20M" alt="n=\frac{m}{M}&lt;=&gt;m=n\cdot M"/><!--filtered attribute: style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 1000px; vertical-align: middle; margin: 4px; padding: 3px 10px; cursor: pointer; border: 1px solid #e6f2f8; background: #edf9ff;"--></div> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=m%5Cleft(MgO%5Cright)%3D1%7B%2C%7D439...mol%5Ccdot40%7B%2C%7D31%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%3D58%7B%2C%7D035...g%5Capprox58g" alt="m\left(MgO\right)=1{,}439...mol\cdot40{,}31\frac{g}{mol}=58{,}035...g\approx58g"/><br/> <div> </div> <div>Esim. 10,0 grammaa alumiinia reagoi ilman hapen kanssa. Kuinka monta grammaa happea tavitaan, jotta alumiini reagoi täydellisesti?</div> <div> </div> <div>Tasapainotettu reaktioyhtälö:</div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=4Al%5Cleft(s%5Cright)%2B3O_2%5Cleft(g%5Cright)%5Crightarrow2Al_2O_3%5Cleft(s%5Cright)" alt="4Al\left(s\right)+3O_2\left(g\right)\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\left(s\right)"/></div> <br/> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=m%5Cleft(Al%5Cright)%3D10%7B%2C%7D0%5C%20g" alt="m\left(Al\right)=10{,}0\ g"/></div> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=M%5Cleft(Al%5Cright)%3D26%7B%2C%7D98%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D" alt="M\left(Al\right)=26{,}98\frac{g}{mol}"/><br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=M%5Cleft(O_2%5Cright)%3D2%5Ccdot16%7B%2C%7D00%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%3D32%7B%2C%7D00%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D" alt="M\left(O_2\right)=2\cdot16{,}00\frac{g}{mol}=32{,}00\frac{g}{mol}"/> <div> </div> <div>Lasketaam aumiinin ainemäärä:<br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=n%5Cleft(Al%5Cright)%3D%5Cfrac%7B10%7B%2C%7D0g%7D%7B26%7B%2C%7D98%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%7D%3D0%7B%2C%7D3706...mol" alt="n\left(Al\right)=\frac{10{,}0g}{26{,}98\frac{g}{mol}}=0{,}3706...mol"/></div> <br/> <div>REAKTIOYHTÄLÖN KERTOIMIEN MUKAAN:</div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cfrac%7Bn%5Cleft(O_2%5Cright)%7D%7Bn%5Cleft(Al%5Cright)%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D%3C%3D%3En%5Cleft(O_2%5Cright)%3D%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D%5Ccdot%20n%5Cleft(Al%5Cright)%3D%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D%5Ccdot0%7B%2C%7D3706...mol%3D0%7B%2C%7D2779...mol" alt="\frac{n\left(O_2\right)}{n\left(Al\right)}=\frac{3}{4}&lt;=&gt;n\left(O_2\right)=\frac{3}{4}\cdot n\left(Al\right)=\frac{3}{4}\cdot0{,}3706...mol=0{,}2779...mol"/><!--filtered attribute: style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 1000px; vertical-align: middle; margin: 4px; padding: 3px 10px; cursor: pointer; border: 1px solid #e6f2f8; background: #edf9ff;"--></div> <br/> <div>Kulunen hapen </div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=m%5Cleft(O_2%5Cright)%3D0%7B%2C%7D2779...mol%5Ccdot32%7B%2C%7D00%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%3D8%7B%2C%7D895...g%5Capprox8%7B%2C%7D90g" alt="m\left(O_2\right)=0{,}2779...mol\cdot32{,}00\frac{g}{mol}=8{,}895...g\approx8{,}90g"/></div> <br/> <span>Esim. KOH-liuoksen konsentraatio on 0,2 mol/l. Kuinka suuri tilavuus tätä liuosta tarvitaan neutraloimaan näysin 20 ml rikkihapoliuosta, jonka konsentraatio on 0,15 mol/l?</span> <div> </div> <div>Tasapainotettu reaktioyhtälö:</div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=H_2SO_4%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)%2B2OH%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)%5Crightarrow%20K_2SO_4%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)%2B2H_2O%5Cleft(l%5Cright)" alt="H_2SO_4\left(aq\right)+2OH\left(aq\right)\rightarrow K_2SO_4\left(aq\right)+2H_2O\left(l\right)"/></div> <br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=c%5Cleft(KOH%5Cright)%3D0%7B%2C%7D2%5Cfrac%7Bmol%7D%7Bl%7D" alt="c\left(KOH\right)=0{,}2\frac{mol}{l}"/><br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=V%5Cleft(H_2SO_4%5Cright)%3D20ml%3D0%7B%2C%7D020l" alt="V\left(H_2SO_4\right)=20ml=0{,}020l"/><br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=c%5Cleft(H_2SO_4%5Cright)%3D0%7B%2C%7D15%5C%20%5Cfrac%7Bmol%7D%7Bl%7D" alt="c\left(H_2SO_4\right)=0{,}15\ \frac{mol}{l}"/><br/> <div>Lasketaan neutraloidun rikkihapon ainemäärä:</div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=c%3D%5Cfrac%7Bn%7D%7BV%7D%3C%3D%3En%3Dc%5Ccdot%20V" alt="c=\frac{n}{V}&lt;=&gt;n=c\cdot V"/><!--filtered attribute: style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 1000px; vertical-align: middle; margin: 4px; padding: 3px 10px; cursor: pointer; border: 1px solid #e6f2f8; background: #edf9ff;"--></div> <br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=n%5Cleft(H_2SO_4%5Cright)%3D0%7B%2C%7D15%5Cfrac%7Bmol%7D%7Bl%7D%5Ccdot0%7B%2C%7D020l%3D0%7B%2C%7D0030mol" alt="n\left(H_2SO_4\right)=0{,}15\frac{mol}{l}\cdot0{,}020l=0{,}0030mol"/><br/> <div> </div> <div>REAKTIOYHTÄLÖN KERTOIMIEN MUKAAN:</div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=n%5Cleft(KOH%5Cright)%3D2%5Ccdot%20n%5Cleft(H_2SO_4%5Cright)%3D2%5Ccdot0%7B%2C%7D0030mol%3D0%7B%2C%7D0060mol" alt="n\left(KOH\right)=2\cdot n\left(H_2SO_4\right)=2\cdot0{,}0030mol=0{,}0060mol"/></div> <br/> <div>Lasketaan kuluneen KOH-liuoksen tilavuus:</div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=c%3D%5Cfrac%7Bn%7D%7BV%7D%3C%3D%3EV%3D%5Cfrac%7Bn%7D%7Bc%7D" alt="c=\frac{n}{V}&lt;=&gt;V=\frac{n}{c}"/><!--filtered attribute: style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 1000px; vertical-align: middle; margin: 4px; padding: 3px 10px; cursor: pointer; border: 1px solid #e6f2f8; background: #edf9ff;"--><br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=V%5Cleft(KOH%5Cright)%3D%5Cfrac%7B0%7B%2C%7D0060mol%7D%7B0%7B%2C%7D2%5Cfrac%7Bmol%7D%7Bl%7D%7D%3D0%7B%2C%7D030l%3D30ml" alt="V\left(KOH\right)=\frac{0{,}0060mol}{0{,}2\frac{mol}{l}}=0{,}030l=30ml"/><br/> <br/> <span>Esim. Piitä valmistetaan piidioksidista seuraavan reaktioyhtälön mukaisesti:</span> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=SiO_2%5Cleft(s%5Cright)%2B2C%5Cleft(s%5Cright)%5Crightarrow%20Si%5Cleft(s%5Cright)%2B2CO%5Cleft(g%5Cright)" alt="SiO_2\left(s\right)+2C\left(s\right)\rightarrow Si\left(s\right)+2CO\left(g\right)"/></div> <div> </div> <span>Kun piitä valmistetaan valmistettiin 1070 grammaa piidioksidia, saattiin 420 grammaa piitä. Mikä oli saantoprosentti (prosentuaalinen saanto. %)</span> <div> </div> <div> </div> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=m%5Cleft(SiO_2%5Cright)%3D1079g" alt="m\left(SiO_2\right)=1079g"/><br/> <img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=M%5Cleft(SiO_2%5Cright)%3D%5Cleft(28%7B%2C%7D09%2B2%5Ccdot16%7B%2C%7D00%5Cright)%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%3D60%7B%2C%7D09%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D" alt="M\left(SiO_2\right)=\left(28{,}09+2\cdot16{,}00\right)\frac{g}{mol}=60{,}09\frac{g}{mol}"/> <div>Lasketaan piidioksidin ainemäärä:</div> <div> </div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=n%5Cleft(SiO_2%5Cright)%3D%5Cfrac%7B1070g%7D%7B60%7B%2C%7D09%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%7D%3D17%7B%2C%7D806...mol" alt="n\left(SiO_2\right)=\frac{1070g}{60{,}09\frac{g}{mol}}=17{,}806...mol"/></div> <div><br/> <div>Kertoimien perusteella</div> </div> <div> </div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=m%5Cleft(Si%5Cright)%3D17%7B%2C%7D8066...mol%5Ccdot28%7B%2C%7D00%5Cfrac%7Bg%7D%7Bmol%7D%3D500%7B%2C%7D188...g" alt="m\left(Si\right)=17{,}8066...mol\cdot28{,}00\frac{g}{mol}=500{,}188...g"/></div> <div>Koska piitä saattiin vain 420 grammaa, saantoprosentti oli:</div> <div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=saanto-%5C%25%5Cleft(Si%5Cright)%3D%5Cfrac%7B420g%7D%7B500%7B%2C%7D188...g%7D%3D0%7B%2C%7D8396...%5Capprox84%5C%25" alt="saanto-\%\left(Si\right)=\frac{420g}{500{,}188...g}=0{,}8396...\approx84\%"/></div> </div> 2018-09-27T09:33:52+03:00