5.5 Moniarvoisten protolyyttien ja suolaliuosten pH
https://peda.net/id/39ffc0441a7
2020-10-30T08:29:13+02:00
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5.31
https://peda.net/id/410119421a8
2020-10-30T09:40:59+02:00
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=CO_3%5E%7B2-%7D%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)%2BH_2O%5Cleft(l%5Cright)%5Cxrightleftharpoons%5B%5D%7B%7DHCO_3%5E-%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)%2BOH%5E-%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)" alt="CO_3^{2-}\left(aq\right)+H_2O\left(l\right)\xrightleftharpoons[]{}HCO_3^-\left(aq\right)+OH^-\left(aq\right)"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=pK_b%3D3%7B%2C%7D68" alt="pK_b=3{,}68"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=K_b%3D0%7B%2C%7D0002089..." alt="K_b=0{,}0002089..."/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cleft%5BOH%5E-%5Cright%5D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%5BHCO_3%5E-%5Cright%5DK_b%7D%7B%5Cleft%5BCO_3%5E%7B2-%7D%5Cright%5D%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B0%7B%2C%7D20%5Ccdot0%7B%2C%7D0002089...%7D%7B0%7B%2C%7D20%7D%3DK_b" alt="\left[OH^-\right]=\frac{\left[HCO_3^-\right]K_b}{\left[CO_3^{2-}\right]}=\frac{0{,}20\cdot0{,}0002089...}{0{,}20}=K_b"/><br/>
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<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=HCO_3%5E-%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)%2BH_2O%5Cleft(l%5Cright)%5Cxrightleftharpoons%5B%5D%7B%7DH_2CO_3%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)%2BOH%5E-%5Cleft(aq%5Cright)" alt="HCO_3^-\left(aq\right)+H_2O\left(l\right)\xrightleftharpoons[]{}H_2CO_3\left(aq\right)+OH^-\left(aq\right)"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=pK_b%3D7%7B%2C%7D63" alt="pK_b=7{,}63"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=K_b%3D2%7B%2C%7D34422...%5Ccdot10%5E%7B-8%7D" alt="K_b=2{,}34422...\cdot10^{-8}"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cleft%5BOH%5E-%5Cright%5D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%5BH_2CO_3%5Cright%5DK_b%7D%7B%5Cleft%5BHCO_3%5E-%5Cright%5D%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B0%7B%2C%7D20%5Ccdot2%7B%2C%7D34422...%5Ccdot10%5E%7B-8%7D%7D%7B0%7B%2C%7D20%7D%3DK_b" alt="\left[OH^-\right]=\frac{\left[H_2CO_3\right]K_b}{\left[HCO_3^-\right]}=\frac{0{,}20\cdot2{,}34422...\cdot10^{-8}}{0{,}20}=K_b"/><br/>
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<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cleft%5BOH%5E-%5Cright%5D%3D0%7B%2C%7D0002089...%2B2%7B%2C%7D34422...%5Ccdot10%5E%7B-8%7D" alt="\left[OH^-\right]=0{,}0002089...+2{,}34422...\cdot10^{-8}"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=pOH%3D3%7B%2C%7D67995..." alt="pOH=3{,}67995..."/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=pH%3D14-pOH%3D10%7B%2C%7D32" alt="pH=14-pOH=10{,}32"/> <br/>
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<div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bl%7Cl%7D%0A%26CO_3%5E%7B2-%7D%26H_2O%26HCO_3%5E-%26OH%5E-%5C%5C%0A%5Chline%0Ac_%7Balku%7D%260%7B%2C%7D20%26-%260%260%5C%5C%0Amuutos%26-x%26-%26%2Bx%26%2Bx%5C%5C%0Ac_%7Btasap%7D%260%7B%2C%7D20-x%26-%26x%26x%0A%5Cend%7Barray%7D" alt="\begin{array}{l|l} &CO_3^{2-}&H_2O&HCO_3^-&OH^-\\ \hline c_{alku}&0{,}20&-&0&0\\ muutos&-x&-&+x&+x\\ c_{tasap}&0{,}20-x&-&x&x \end{array}"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=0%7B%2C%7D0002089...%3D%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%7D%7B0%7B%2C%7D20-x%7D" alt="0{,}0002089...=\frac{x^2}{0{,}20-x}"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=x%3D0%7B%2C%7D00636" alt="x=0{,}00636"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cleft%5BCO_3%5E%7B2-%7D%5Cright%5D%3D0%7B%2C%7D19364" alt="\left[CO_3^{2-}\right]=0{,}19364"/></div>
<div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cleft%5BOH%5E-%5Cright%5D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%5BHCO_3%5E-%5Cright%5DK_b%7D%7B%5Cleft%5BCO_3%5E%7B2-%7D%5Cright%5D%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B0%7B%2C%7D00636%5Ccdot0%7B%2C%7D0002089...%7D%7B0%7B%2C%7D19364%7D%3D6%7B%2C%7D8612...%5Ccdot10%5E%7B-6%7D" alt="\left[OH^-\right]=\frac{\left[HCO_3^-\right]K_b}{\left[CO_3^{2-}\right]}=\frac{0{,}00636\cdot0{,}0002089...}{0{,}19364}=6{,}8612...\cdot10^{-6}"/></div>
<div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bl%7Cl%7D%0A%26HCO_3%5E-%26H_2O%26H_2CO_3%26OH%5E-%5C%5C%0A%5Chline%0Ac_%7Balku%7D%260%7B%2C%7D00636%26-%260%260%7B%2C%7D00636%5C%5C%0Amuutos%26-x%26-%26%2Bx%26%2Bx%5C%5C%0Ac_%7Btasap%7D%260%7B%2C%7D00636-x%26-%26x%260%7B%2C%7D00636%2Bx%0A%5Cend%7Barray%7D" alt="\begin{array}{l|l} &HCO_3^-&H_2O&H_2CO_3&OH^-\\ \hline c_{alku}&0{,}00636&-&0&0{,}00636\\ muutos&-x&-&+x&+x\\ c_{tasap}&0{,}00636-x&-&x&0{,}00636+x \end{array}"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=2%7B%2C%7D34422...%5Ccdot10%5E%7B-8%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%7D%7B0%7B%2C%7D00636-x%7D" alt="2{,}34422...\cdot10^{-8}=\frac{x^2}{0{,}00636-x}"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=x%3D2%7B%2C%7D3442%5Ccdot10%5E%7B-8%7D" alt="x=2{,}3442\cdot10^{-8}"/></div>
<div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cleft%5BHCO_3%5E-%5Cright%5D%3D0%7B%2C%7D0063623" alt="\left[HCO_3^-\right]=0{,}0063623"/></div>
<div><img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=%5Cleft%5BOH%5E-%5Cright%5D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%5BH_2CO_3%5Cright%5DK_b%7D%7B%5Cleft%5BHCO_3%5E-%5Cright%5D%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft(2%7B%2C%7D34422...%5Ccdot10%5E%7B-8%7D%5Cright)%5E2%7D%7B0%7B%2C%7D0063623%7D%3D4%7B%2C%7D43141%5Ccdot10%5E%7B-11%7D" alt="\left[OH^-\right]=\frac{\left[H_2CO_3\right]K_b}{\left[HCO_3^-\right]}=\frac{\left(2{,}34422...\cdot10^{-8}\right)^2}{0{,}0063623}=4{,}43141\cdot10^{-11}"/><br/>
<img src="https://math-demo.abitti.fi/math.svg?latex=pOH%3D-%5Clg%5Cleft%5BOH%5E-%5Cright%5D%3D-%5Clg%5Cleft(6%7B%2C%7D8612506...%5Cright)%3D13%7B%2C%7D0636" alt="pOH=-\lg\left[OH^-\right]=-\lg\left(6{,}8612506...\right)=13{,}0636"/></div>
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2020-10-30T09:40:59+02:00