20. Egypt

Egypt is a nation in North Africa

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Egypt is a significant North African nation. It is located on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. The river Nile runs through Egypt and flows into the Mediterranean.

The Nile delta has been one of the birthplaces of human civilization. Nowadays, some of the water from the Nile is stored in Lake Nasser, with the help of a large dam.

The capital city of Egypt is Cairo. It is located on the shores of the Nile. The Sinai Peninsula also belongs to Egypt. It is considered a part of the Asian continent.

Ships can travel from the Red Sea into the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal. Most of the nation's surface area is covered by the hot, dry Sahara desert.

Agriculture

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The vast Sahara desert covers moth of North Africa. Due to the constant high air pressure in the area, the region receives only very little rainfall. However, this has not always been the case. During the time when the pyramids were built, the Sahara region received more rainfall than it does today. Water can also be found in the desert in the form of oases, which have formed as a result of underground water concentrations.

When looking at a satellite image of the Sahara desert, the importance of the river Nile becomes clear. The green color in the satellite image tells us that agriculture and plant life is concentrated along the shores of the river. The mouth of the river has accumulated loose soil that the water has carried from upriver. This has created a triangular delta. Its fertile soil is suitable for agriculture, and the food grown in the Nile delta feeds millions of Egyptians.

Industry

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Egypt is home to over 80 million inhabitants. It is the fifteenth-largest nation in the world based on its population. Even its surface area is large, over a million square kilometers.

The majority of the Egyptian population is concentrated on the shores of the Mediterranean and the banks of the Nile. The largest cities are Alexandria and Cairo.

The majority of Egyptians are Muslims, which means that the practice the religion of Islam. The most spoken language in Egypt is Arabic.

Although Egypt is an industrial nation with a large amount of material wealth, there is still a lot of poverty and social problems in the nation. Egypt's population growth is alarmingly high, and the living standards of many people are very poor. These problems have resulted in large amounts of unrest in the nation during the last decade.

The most important Egyptian natural resources are crude oil, natural gas and iron ore. Other important exports include fruits and cotton. The Egyptian economy is also based on tourism. Tourists are especially attracted to the ancient pyramids of Giza and the coral reefs of the Red Sea.

Images from Egypt

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: The location of Egypt on planet Earth.
: The importance of the Nile is visible even from an airplane.
: A ship travelling through the desert? The Suez Canal.
: The Suez Canal makes it possible for ships to travel from the Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea.
: The capital city of Egypt is Cairo.
: A shopping mall in Cairo.
: Statues in the Sinai Peninsula.
: The coral reefs of the Red Sea are full of life.
: A camel market in progress in Southern Egypt.

Historical sights from Egypt

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: Pyramids near Cairo.
: The ancient Egyptian civilization was one of the greatest civilizations on Earth. A golden sarcophagus.
: The Sphinx is a famous, ancient statue. It is located near Cairo.
: The Luxor Temple.

Terminology

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Egypt
Term	Explanation
oasis	An area of lush vegetation inside a desert.